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Slow rupture of frictional interfaces,

Bar Sinai, Y., E. A. Brener, and E. Bouchbinder (2012),

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L03308, doi:10.1029/2011GL050554

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

6 pages, 4 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Slow rupture is an intrinsic and robust property of rate-and-state friction laws
  • A new minimal, friction-controlled, slow rupture velocity is derived
  • Rupture occurs in a continuum of states and slow and fast rupture are distinct

Linkages between denitrification and dissolved organic matter quality, Boulder Creek watershed, Colorado,

Barnes, R. T., R. L. Smith, and G. R. Aiken (2012),

J. Geophys. Res., 117, G01014, doi:10.1029/2011JG001749

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

14 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Denitrification potential is linked to dissolved organic matter characteristics
  • Aerobic metabolism rates provide insight on sediment denitrification potentials
  • DOM optical properties may improve predictions of watershed nitrogen removal

Detecting historical ocean climate variability,

Carton, J. A., H. F. Seidel, and B. S. Giese (2012),

J. Geophys. Res., 117, C02023, doi:10.1029/2011JC007401

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • It is now possible to reconstruct ocean climate variability for +100 years
  • Climate events like 1997/8 ENSO would have been well observed <1920

Solute transport in divergent radial flow with multistep pumping,

Chen, Y., C. Lu, and J. Luo (2012),

Water Resour. Res., 48, W02510, doi:10.1029/2011WR010692

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

10 pages, 4 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Transient pumping problems can be transformed into a steady-state flow problem
  • Cumulative injected flow domain is very efficient for transient pumping
  • Linear convolution can be applied on the cumulative injected flow domain

Solute transport and retention in three-dimensional fracture networks,

Cvetkovic, V., and A. Frampton (2012),

Water Resour. Res., 48, W02509, doi:10.1029/2011WR011086

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Transport resistance is a key random variable for solute transport in rocks
  • Low values of transport resistance can be predicted reasonably well
  • Assumed hydraulic law will have a large impact on effective representation

Seasonal thermocline in the China Seas and northwestern Pacific Ocean,

Hao, J., Y. Chen, F. Wang, and P. Lin (2012),

J. Geophys. Res., 117, C02022, doi:10.1029/2011JC007246

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

14 pages, 11 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • The thermocline has obvious seasonal variations in the study area north of 20degN
  • Thermocline depth is mainly dominated by surface buoyancy flux near the Kuroshio
  • Net buoyancy flux is mainly controlled by thermal buoyancy flux in the study area

Influence of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction on the overriding lithosphere in a subduction zone: Numerical modeling,

He, L. (2012),

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 13, Q02006, doi:10.1029/2011GC003909

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Numerical modeling of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction
  • Solid overriding plate together with viscous underlying mantle
  • Role of elasticity/elastoplasticity in the lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction

Analysis of 60 elements in 616 ocean floor basaltic glasses,

Jenner, F. E., and H. St. C. O'Neill (2012),

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 13, Q02005, doi:10.1029/2011GC004009

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

11 pages, 8 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • New data file of analyses of 60 elements in 616 volcanic glass samples
  • The results define a representative trace element array for OFB
  • Improvement in the precision of data available for ocean floor basalts

Mechanical basis for slip along low-angle normal faults,

Lecomte, E., L. Le Pourhiet, and O. Lacombe (2012),

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L03307, doi:10.1029/2011GL050756

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Slip on low-angle normal faults is possible for peak friction as high as 0.4
  • Low-angle normal faults are not themselves generating earthquakes when they slip
  • Slip on Riedel shears within LANFs can generate the micro-seismicity observed

Multipayload interferometric wave vector determination of auroral hiss,

Lundberg, E. T., P. M. Kintner, S. P. Powell, and K. A. Lynch (2012),

J. Geophys. Res., 117, A02306, doi:10.1029/2011JA017037

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

10 pages, 11 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • The parallel wavelength of VLF hiss in the auroral ionosphere is 6-8 km
  • The perpendicular wavelength of VLF hiss is 150-350 m
  • VLF hiss falls on the whistler wave resonance cone

Seasonal changes in leaf area of Amazon forests from leaf flushing and abscission,

Samanta, A., Y. Knyazikhin, L. Xu, R. E. Dickinson, R. Fu, M. H. Costa, S. S. Saatchi, R. R. Nemani, and R. B. Myneni (2012),

J. Geophys. Res., 117, G01015, doi:10.1029/2011JG001818

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

13 pages, 6 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Large seasonal change in near-infrared (NIR) reflectance of Amazon forests
  • Satellite-sensed NIR increases by 23% during dry season
  • Explanation: changes in leaf area and leaf optical properties

Dust supply varies with sagebrush microsites and time since burning in experimental erosion events,

Sankey, J. B., M. J. Germino, and N. F. Glenn (2012),

J. Geophys. Res., 117, G01013, doi:10.1029/2011JG001724

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

13 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Postfire dust emissions are greater on microsites where shrubs existed prefire
  • Greater emissions are due to greater dust supply on recently burned microsites
  • Prefire management (grazing-induced shrub increases) affects postfire erosion

Mechanism for export of sediment-derived iron in an upwelling regime,

Siedlecki, S. A., A. Mahadevan, and D. E. Archer (2012),

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L03601, doi:10.1029/2011GL050366

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

6 pages, 4 figures

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Shelf-sediment derived iron is transported subsurface to the ocean interior
  • The export mechanism results from oscillating wind direction and slope currents
  • Export of iron from shelf sediments in upwelling regimes rivals the dust source

Total and monomethyl mercury in fog water from the central California coast,

Weiss-Penzias, P. S., C. Ortiz Jr., R. P. Acosta, W. Heim, J. P. Ryan, D. Fernandez, J. L. Collett Jr., and A. R. Flegal (2012),

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L03804, doi:10.1029/2011GL050324

Publication Date: 11 February 2012

5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables

[Abstract]

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Key Points

  • Mercury in coastal fog water was elevated compared to that observed in rain
  • Monomethyl mercury concentrations were especially elevated
  • MMHg in fog may be formed biotically from oceanic upwelling