Chapman Conference on
Radiated Energy and the Physics of Earthquake Faulting
Portland, Maine, USA

13 – 17 June 2005

Conveners
Program Committee
Cosponsors
Conference Objective
Conference Topics
Format and Schedule
Abstract Submission Instructions
Travel Support
Registration Information
Hotel Accommodations
Further Information

Conveners

• Rachel Abercrombie, Boston University, E-mail: rea@bu.edu
• Art McGarr, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, E-mail: mcgarr@usgs.gov
• Hiroo Kanamori, Caltech, E-mail: hiroo@seismo.gps.caltech.edu

Program Committee

• Greg Beroza, Stanford University, E-mail: beroza@pangea.stanford.edu
• Judith Chester, Texas A&M University, E-mail: chesterj@geo.tamu.edu
• Jim Evans, Utah State University, E-mail: geology@cc.usu.edu
• Satoshi Ide, University of Tokyo, E-mail: ide@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
• Kevin Mayeda, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, E-mail: kmayeda@llnl.gov
• Jim Mori, Kyoto University, E-mail: mori@rcep.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp
• Kim Olsen, San Diego State University, E-mail: kbolsen@sciences.sdsu.edu
• Xyoli Perez-Campos, Cuidad Universitaria Coyoacan, Email: xyoli@gps.caltech.edu
• Eliza Richardson, Pennsylvania State University, E-mail: eliza@essc.psu.edu
• Bruce Shaw, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, E-mail: shaw@ldeo.columbia.edu
• Rick Sibson, University of Otago, E-mail: rick.Sibson@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
• Shri Singh, UNAM, E-mail: krishna@ollin.igeofcu.unam.mx
• Mark Swanson, University of Southern Maine, E-mail: mswanson@usm.maine.edu
• Terry Tullis, Brown University, E-mail: terry tullis@brown.edu

Cosponsor

• National Science Foundation, URL: http://www.nsf.gov/
• Seismological Society of America, URL: http://www.seismosoc.org
• Southern California Earthquake Center, URL: http://www.scec.org/
• United States Geological Survey, URL:http://www.usgs.gov/

Conference Objective

This conference is intended to bring together earth scientists who are working to resolve fundamental questions involving our understanding of earthquake energy budgets. That is, how is the physics of fault rupture related to the radiated seismic energy that is often associated with damaging ground motion? The conference will emphasize seismology, geology, laboratory rock mechanics, geophysics, geochemistry and the numerical modeling of earthquakes. A goal is to foster better communication amongst these groups of scientists to advance our understanding of how earthquakes work and the various energies involved in the seismic source processes.

Earth scientists representing many disciplines, who study various aspects of the earthquake energy budget, in the laboratory and in the field, will profit from the opportunity to meet as a group to learn first hand of new data, approaches, recent advances in understanding, and current challenges to improved understanding. Such interchange will promote the flow of information and understanding amongst the various disciplines and thereby encourage more effective, and collaborative, research activities in the future.

Conference Topics

• How Best to Measure the Energy Radiated From an Earthquake?
  What are the advantages, disadvantages and uncertainties of the various methods and data sets used for measuring seismic energy? How can the state-of-the-art be improved so that results from different techniques are in better agreement and, thus, more credible?
• Scaling of Seismic Energy with Earthquake Size and Effects of Tectonic Setting. Does the ratio of radiated energy to seismic moment change systematically with increasing moment? If so, how are these changes related to earthquake source processes? Are reported variations in the systematics of the radiated energy in different tectonic regimes reliable and, if so, do they shed new light on the physics of the earthquake source?
  Does the ratio of radiated energy to seismic moment change systematically with increasing moment? If so, how are these changes related to earthquake source processes? Are reported variations in the systematics of the radiated energy in different tectonic regimes reliable and, if so, do they shed new light on the physics of the earthquake source?
• Bridging the Gap Between Laboratory Experiments and Natural Tectonic Earthquakes.
  What types of laboratory seismic phenomena are the most realistic earthquake analogs? To what extent does laboratory evidence support the idea that large earthquakes differ from small ones in terms of their physics of faulting?
• Numerical Simulations of the Earthquake Rupture Process to Investigate the Physics of Faulting and its Possible Dependence on Earthquake Magnitude.
  To what extent can seismological, laboratory, and geological observations be used to constrain the parameters used in these rupture models, including the behavior of the coefficient of friction during fault slip? Can rupture models be used to diagnose the spectral behavior of radiated energy in terms of the physics of fault slip?
• Insights From Geological Investigations of Exhumed Fault Zones Concerning the Physics of Earthquake Fault Slip.
  How compelling is the field evidence for high temperature effects such as melting or fluid pressurization? Can we determine constraints from fault rock assemblages on levels of power dissipation during seismic fault slip? What have we learned from analyzing data yielded by deep drilling into active fault zones concerning our understanding of the energy budgets of earthquakes and the roles of pore fluids, and associated chemistry, in the physics of faulting?
• How Efficient is the "Earthquake Machine"?
  Of the energy released during faulting, what fractions are consumed in extending the rupture, overcoming fault friction, and radiating seismic energy?
• Are Large and Small Earthquakes Different in Terms of Their Physics of Faulting?
  If so, at what magnitude threshold do changes take place? Possible mechanisms for differences include (1) thermal effects (e.g., melting) that set in because of large slip and its associated frictional heating and (2) differences associated with the contrast between frictional sliding and fresh rock fracture.

Format and Schedule

Notes:

• All participants should bring clipboard for Thursday field trip as well as spare clothing for the possibility of inclement weather.
• Keynote addresses will be 30 minutes, or less, to allow plenty of time for discussion and short contributions.
• During the discussion periods following the keynote talks, short contributions are encouraged but will be limited to a single overhead (transparency) and several minutes so as to keep the discussion flowing.
• During the last 5 minutes of each session, the session chairs will attempt to summarize any progress in session toward resolving important questions as well as a few of the main problems that still need to be solved.

Poster Session I, Tuesday, 14 June 2005 15:30 – 17:00 h

First Author	Invited/ Contributed	Title
Okal, E. A.	Contributed	Hydroacoustic T phases from teleseismic earthquakes: an unexpected sleuth to identify fast or slow earthquakes
Fukuyama, E	Contributed	Radiation Energy Measured at Earthquake Source
Prieto, G. A.	Contributed	Estimating Radiated Energy and its Uncertainties for M = 5 Earthquakes in Southern California
Xie, J.	Contributed	Estimation of Radiated Energy from Earthquakes in China and Surrounding Regions Using the Lg Spectra
Rivera, L.	Contributed	Representations of the Radiated Energy in Earthquakes
Tinti, E.	Contributed	Earthquake Fracture Energy Inferred from Kinematic Rupture Models on Extended Faults
Ma, S.	Contributed	Radiated Seismic Energy Through Dynamic Faulting Models
Bilek, S. L.	Contributed	Radiated Seismic Energy of Subduction Zone Earthquakes
Hjorleifsdottir,V.	Contributed	Modeling Finite Faults Using the Adjoint Wave Field

Poster Session II, Tuesday, 14 June 2005 15:30 – 17:00 h

Hellweg, M	Contributed	Scaling of Small Earthquakes - the Orinda Earthquake Sequence
Mayeda, K	Contributed	Evidence for Non-Constant Energy/Moment Scaling From Coda-Derived Source Spectra
Okatan, A.	Contributed	The Stress Drops in the North Anatolian Fault ( Turkey ) Zone during the 1939 - 1999
Imanishi, K.	Contributed	Earthquake Source Parameters of Repeating Microearthquakes at Parkfield , CA , Determined Using the SAFOD Pilot Hole Seismic Array
Tsai, Y. B.	Contributed	Changes in Regional Strain and Stress Patterns Associated with the 1999 Chi-Chi , Taiwan , Earthquake Based on Focal Mechanism and Moment Tensor Data
Malin, P.	Contributed	Parkfield earthquake spectra from M~0 to M~6 recorded 1 km underground at the SAFOD drill site
Anderson, J. G.	Contributed	Earthquake Energy and Scaling Relations Based on Strong-Motion Data From Guerrero , Mexico
Mai, P. M.	Contributed	On the Scaling of Fracture Energy From Dynamic Rupture Modeling of Past Earthquakes: Consequences for Near-Source Strong Motions?
Fayez, A. S. Bin	Contributed	Fault Formation Study for Riyadh city and surrounded area
Tajima, F.	Contributed	Spectral Properties of Earthquake Sources Extracted from the 2004 Mid-Niigata Earthquake Sequence
Bodin, P.	Contributed	Earthquake Source Scaling in an Intraplate Setting in India
Sonley, E.	Contributed	Rupture Dynamics of Small Earthquakes, Including 2004 Aftershocks, Recorded Downhole at Parkfield
Newman, A. V.	Contributed	Plate Coupling and Rupture of the Sumatran and Earlier "Tsunami Earthquakes": Application to Real-Time Identification of Ocean Floor Rupture

Poster Session III, Wednesday, 15 June 2005 15:30 – 17:00 h

Schmidt, D. A.	Contributed	Distribution of Aseismic Slip Rate on the Hayward Fault Inferred From Seismic and Geodetic Data
Yamada, T.	Contributed	Apparent Stress and Rupture Speed of Small Earthquakes in a South African Gold Mine
Rempel, A. W.	Contributed	Thermal pressurization and melting in fault zones

Poster Session IV, Wednesday, 15 June 2005 15:30 – 17:00 h

Ben-Zion, Y	Contributed	Dynamic Rupture Along a Bimaterial Interface and Possible Evolution of Energy Partition During Earthquakes With the Evolution of Fault Zone Structure
Garagash, D. I.	Contributed	Effects of Shear Heating on Motion of a Single Degree-of-Freedom Fault Model with Rate and State Dependent Friction
Ide, S.	Contributed	Earthquake as a Multi-scale Dynamic Rupture with Heterogeneous Fracture Surface Energy
Matsuzawa, T.	Contributed	Numerical Simulation of the Interaction between Frictional Melting and Seismic slip in 1D- and 2D-elastic medium
Ampuero, J. P.	Contributed	Scaling in earthquake nucleation arising from the coupling of slip localization and rupture arrest through persistent boundary conditions
Ampuero, J. P.	Contributed	Rupture nucleation and arrest for stochastic initial stress: quantitative insights from fracture energy balance
Pitarka, A.	Contributed	Investigation of the Cause of Difference in Ground Motion Between Surface and Subsurface Faulting Based on Dynamic Rupture Modeling
Corish, S. M.	Contributed	Evaluation of the Results of a Multi-parameter Dynamic Rupture Inversion of the 2000 Western Tottori Earthquake , Japan
Dalguer, L. A.	Contributed	Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Rupture Faulting of Large and Small Earthquakes and their Difference in Ground Motion
Fialko, Y.	Contributed	What can Pseudotachylites Tell us About the Absolute Stress at the Seismogenic Depth?
Ando, R.	Contributed	Mesoscopic Fault Structures and Macroscopic Fracture Energy of Earthquake Ruptures
Spudich, P.	Contributed	Studies of Earthquake Fracture Energy
Ito, S.	Contributed	Scaling Relation of Seismic Nucleation Estimated from the Slow Initial Phase

Poster Session V, Thursday, 16 June 2005 17:00 – 18:00 h

Barker, S. L. L.	Contributed	Physcial Conditions Associated With Fault-Generated Pseudotachylyte, Central Otago , New Zealand
Di Toro, G.	Contributed	Earthquake Rupture Dynamics Frozen in Exhumed Ancient Faults (Adamello Batholith, Italian Alps )
Dor, O.	Contributed	Geological Signal for Preferred Rupture Direction: Observations From Large Strike-Slip Faults in Southern CA
Song, S-R	Contributed	Pseudotachylyte and its Implication from Drilled Core of the Shenchoushan Fault Zone in the Miaoli Area, West Taiwan
Martel, S. J.	Contributed	Effect of Fault Strength Variation and Fault Interaction on Slip Distributions
Toy, V. G.	Contributed	Relationship of Pseudotachylyte to the Geological Environment
Collettini, C.	Contributed	Assessing Deformation Processes Along Active Low-Angle Normal Faults Using Exhumed Fault Zones and Experimental Analogues
Ma, K.-F.	Contributed	Taiwan Chelungpu-fault Drilling Project (TCDP): Understanding Physics of Faulting for a Large Slip
Chester, J. S.	Contributed	Fracture Surface Energy of the Punchbowl Fault, San Andreas System
Cowan, D. S.	Contributed	Record of Seismogenic Rupture in Gouge in late Quaternary Low-angle Normal Faults, Death Valley , California
Evans, J. P.	Contributed	Structural and geochemical analysis of small faults: Inferences for processes of slip nucleation and fault growth from the cm to km scale
Evans, J. P.	Contributed	Analysis of fault structure in the upper kilometer, and implications for distributing seismic energy in fault zones
Shipton, Z.	Contributed	Merging field observations with the seismic energy budget: Developing models for slip localization and the search for the missing sinks

Poster Session VI, Friday, 17 June 2005 15:30 – 16:30 h

Walsh, J. B	Contributed	Mechanics of Rate/state Friction
Goldsby, D. L.	Contributed	Dynamic Weakening of Silicate Rocks Due to Gel Formation
Kaneko, Y.	Contributed	Simulations of Earthquake Nucleation, Its Static Perturbation, and Aftershock Rates on Faults with Rate and State Friction
Oye, V.	Contributed	Apparent Stresses of Mining-Related Microearthquakes in the Pyhäsalmi ore Mine , Finland
Ogasawara, H.	Contributed	The Semi-controlled Earthquake-generation Experiments in South African Deep Gold Mines (1992-2005)

Poster Session VII, Friday, 17 June 2005 15:30 – 16:30 h

Nakatani, M.	Contributed	A 3 km Deep on-Fault Thermometer Array for Measuring the Heat Generated by Forthcoming Earthquakes in a South African Gold Mine
Lapusta, N.	Contributed	Low-stress, Low-heat Operation of Statically Strong but Dynamically Weak Faults
Grigorian, A. A.	Contributed	Some Notes on Earthquake Source Dynamics
Cooke, M. L.	Contributed	Mechanical models of the work budget within southern California fault systems
Barrows, L.	Contributed	The Energetics of Gravity-Driven Faulting
Mori, J.	Contributed	Energy Budget of the Chi-Chi, Taiwan Earthquake

Abstract Submission Instructions: The abstract deadline has passed.

Travel Support: Application deadline has passed.

Applications are being made to several U.S. agencies to support travel of conference participants. Graduate students and young scientists will receive priority for funding.

Registration is closed.

Hotel Accommodations

The Conference was held 13 - 17 June 2005, in Portland Maine at The Eastland Park Hotel located at 157 High Street. The Eastland Park is Portland's (http://www.eastlandpark.com/) first lady of hospitality. Rich in tradition, she offers a warm New England embrace to all those who visit. Conveniently located in the heart of downtown Portland's acclaimed arts and shopping district, the hotel is surrounded by quaint galleries, outstanding restaurants, upscale shops, and museums, including the Portland Museum of Art.

Further Information:

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