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REGISTRATION/HOUSING DEADLINE:
August 1, 1996
Conveners:
Johan C. Varekamp
Wesleyan University
Gary L. Rowe
U.S. Geological Survey
WHY YOU SHOULD ATTEND
This meeting will bring together a diverse group of volcanologists, geochemists, geothermal researchers, limnologists, and environmental scientists interested in crater lakes, volcanic degassing, geothermal/ore forming environments, and the geochemistry of hyper-acid fluids of natural and anthropogenic origin. Theoretical and practical aspects of gas-water-rock reactions under acidic conditions will also be examined. Conference organizers hope to foster communication between geochemists and other scientists working on natural hyper-acid fluids and those working on acid mine drainage and other hyper-acid wastefluids. The conference will also provide a vehicle for scientists from various disciplines and nations to streamline their efforts and develop effective strategies for volcanic lake monitoring and artificial lake degassing, and mitigation of hazards posed by volcanic lakes worldwide.
LOCATION
The conference will be held in Crater Lake National Park in Crater Lake, Oregon. On the crest of the Cascade Range, Crater Lake National Park is located 72 miles northeast of Medford, OR off I-5 to SR 62. From Portland, take I-5 to SR 138E. For more information, call the Park Service at 541-594-2211.
The Park Service has generously allowed our group to meet in the Crater Lake Community Center which is situated between Mazama Village and the Crater Lake Rim area. The Center is in the middle of a residential area where there are many small children (there is a daycare center in the building which operates each morning). Please be courteous of the members of the community. We encourage you to use the shuttle service, or please drive slowly and watch out for children.
GETTING THERE
We strongly encourage you to make your travel arrangements as soon as possible to get the lowest possible fares. The park is far from large cities and can only be reached by car; public transportation to the park is very limited. Limited ground transportation is being coordinated through van pools and shared rental cars, as detailed below.
Foreign visitors are advised to arrive in the USA either September 3 or earlier that week. An important American holiday is Labor day (Monday, September 2) and many American tourists will return from vacations abroad during that weekend. So, space on flights, especially those from Europe, will be very tight, and we recommend that you reserve seats as soon as possible.
The best airport gateways are San Francisco, CA, Portland, OR, or Reno, NV. The option to fly by commuterflight from any of the major airports to Medford, OR also exists, roughly at a cost of $250 roundtrip, if booked three weeks in advance. Van pools are being organized to carry participants from these cities to Crater Lake National Park. Shared car or minivan rentals may be coordinated if participants provide us with their travel plans well ahead in time. Please indicate your travel itinerary on your registration form.
San Francisco, CA
A limited number of participants may reserve a seat on one of three 10-passenger vans traveling from San Francisco to Crater Lake. The vans will depart San Francisco on Wednesday, September 4 at 9:00 AM. Indicate your interest on your registration form; seats will be assigned on a first come basis. Vans will return to San Francisco via the optional field trips on Monday, September 9. Driving time to Crater Lake is approximately 8 hours.
Portland, Oregon
Driving time to Crater Lake is approximately 5-6 hours. Van transportation may be available. Vans will return to Portland via the optional field trips on Monday, September 9.
Reno, Nevada
Driving time is approximately 7 hours.
Medford, OR
Medford, Oregon, is the closest town to the conference (approximately 72 miles from the park) that has a regional airport. Van transportation on the evening of September 4 may be available.
ACCOMMODATIONS
Accommodations are available in the Mazama Village Motor Inn. Rooms have two queen-sized beds. Due to a limited number of available rooms, participants are asked to share a room. The room rate is $20 per person per night. For reservations, please complete the appropriate section on the registration form, and enclose a non-refundable one night's deposit of $20. Participants will be responsible for the balance upon check-out.
MEALS
Your registration fee includes: Welcoming Reception on Wednesday, September 4, at the Crater Lake Lodge; a Barbecue on Friday, September 6, at the Community Center; and refreshments served twice daily during breaks. Because the meeting area is several miles from the Rim where the restaurants are located, and for your convenience, you may wish to order box lunches (must be ordered in advance through the registration form). A group dinner is scheduled for Thursday, September 5, at the Watchman Restaurant & Lounge; participants will order from the menu and pay individually. Participants are on their own for other meals. There are two food outlets in the park: the Rim Village Cafeteria and the Watchman Restaurant & Lounge. Also, there is a convenience store located near the Mazama Village Motor Inn.
FIELD TRIPS
Two field trips have been planned for this conference. Field trip participants are required to complete and sign a release form which MUST accompany your registration form.
Sunday, September 8, 9:00am-5:00pm
Leader: Charles Bacon, USGS. Focus: volcanology and petrology of Mount Mazama and Crater Lake
caldera.
Crater Lake caldera is famous for its superb exposures of the interior of a long-lived arc volcanic
center and for the compositionally-zoned ejecta from its climactic eruption 7700 years ago. The trip
around Rim Drive, the route around the caldera, will begin with examination of the climactic pyroclastic-flow deposits on the south flank of Mount Mazama, and traverse back to the caldera rim, noting
remarkable changes in the character of these deposits. The route will follow a clockwise course around
the caldera rim, stopping at viewpoints and examining features of volcanological and petrological
interest. Along the way we will see older dacitic dome-collapse breccias. A highlight will be the unique
remobilized Cleetwood rhyodacite flow (emplaced immediately before the climactic eruption), which
constrains the timing of the events of the climactic eruption. Enclaves (magmatic, or "mafic," inclusions)
in lava flows will be seen at several stops, including an example of gas filter-pressing of melt out of
enclaves and into the host lava. The last stops will be at The Pinnacles (compositionally-zoned
ignimbrite) and Sun Notch (view down into the oldest part of Mount Mazama), which are outstanding in
late afternoon light. If the air is clear, there will be views of the other volcanoes nearby (within ~100 km)
from several places: Mount Shasta and Medicine Lake volcano to the south; Three Sisters to the north;
and Newberry volcano to the northeast.
The temperature in September is likely to be moderate, but participants should be prepared for
cold and, possibly, rain. If the weather is unexpectedly bad, alternative sites will be visited on the flanks
of Mount Mazama. There will be no extensive hikes or rough walking. Light boots or running shoes
should be satisfactory if the weather is fair. Sunscreen, sunglasses, and hats are recommended. The
highest elevation of the trip will be about 2500 meters.
Two optional field trips have been planned for Monday, September 9, the day after the formal conference ends; you may choose only one. The whole group for both field trips will leave Crater Lake National Park on Sunday evening, September 8, at about 5:30 PM, to arrive in Mt. Shasta, CA around 10 PM (a "fast" dinner will be taken halfway). The night will be spent in Mt. Shasta, and Monday morning separate groups will leave for Iron Mountain and Lassen Park. After the field trips, the groups will rejoin in Redding, CA and participants leave for San Francisco and Portland from there. A modest additional registration fee is required for these trips. Also, all participants are required to complete and sign a release form which MUST accompany your registration form.
Leader: Dr. Kirk Nordstrom, USGS. Focus: hyper-acid fluids and sulfate mineralogy in a mining
area.
The field trip to Iron Mountain Mines (IMM) will be a unique visit to a large massive sulfide
mineral deposit that has undergone considerable weathering and oxidation both pre-mining and
post-mining. It is a major Superfund (CERCLA) site in California that has been studied in detail to
determine the causes and consequences of acid and metal transport to the Sacramento River.
The field trip begins with a stop at Spring Creek Debris Dam and the point of mixing of Spring
Creek, containing acidic runoff from IMM, with Keswick Reservoir and the Sacramento River. Near this
spot is the site of the first open-air roasting and up to 9 smelters that processed ore from IMM.
At Minnesota Flats, partway up Iron Mountain, tailings have been removed and a large
neutralization plant has been set up to neutralize the most acidic and metal-rich discharges from the site.
A surface-water diversion structure will also be viewed at this location. Continuing up the Iron Mountain
road, a stop will be made at the old copper cementation plant that extracted copper from acid portal
discharges (pH = 0.5 to 1.0). The famous "Nordstrom seep" will be pointed out for all those wishing to
waste some film. The Lawson and Richmond Portals issue the most acidic waters and contain the largest
quantity of the periodic table. Underground access in the Richmond tunnel is possible, but no promises
can be made at this time.
The trip will end with stops at the Brick Flat Open Pit, home of tailings and sludge from the
neutralization facilities, where an excellent exposure of unusual gossan can be viewed with isolated
pockets and lenses of unoxidized sulfides. Several examples of remediation will be seen at the site,
including removal of wastes, surface-water diversions, containment, and neutralization.
The current litigation is very contentious at this time and all participants must be considerate and
orderly while on site. One or more representatives from industries having liability for the site will co-host the field trip and provide useful information. Hiking boots are required and ones that will not be
affected by acid mine drainage are recommended. Casual clothes, i.e. old jeans and undesirable shirts
and socks, are also recommended. The climate here is hot and dry, so sunscreen/sunglasses/hats are
recommended.
Leader: Dr. Michael Sorey, USGS. Focus: geothermal manifestations, alteration minerals, volcanology
and a scenic natural park setting.
The field trip to Lassen Volcanic National Park (LVNP) will begin with a stop at the Manzanita
Lake area at the north entrance to the park for views of Chaos Crags and Lassen Peak. Next, the trip will
proceed through the park, stopping to view the area devastated by the 1914-1916 eruptions of Lassen
Peak and parking at the trail head for the Bumpass Hell thermal area. The two-mile hike to the thermal
area affords views of the volcanic features forming the rim of ancestral Mount Tehama and the
hydrothermally altered and eroded core of the associated caldera. At Bumpass Hell, various types of
steam-heated thermal features will be viewed, including superheated fumaroles and acid hot pools, and
methods for measuring heat and mass flow from such areas will be discussed. After the hike, the trip will
then proceed south along the park road past the Little Hot Springs Valley and Sulphur Works thermal
areas, through the south entrance to the park, and on to the town of Mineral, California.
This trip will afford abundant opportunities for photography and panoramic views. At prevailing
altitudes near 2,600 m, the weather in September is generally fair, but participants should be prepared for
occasional drops in temperature that necessitate coats and hats. Hiking boots or running shoes should be
worn instead of casual or dress shoes.
All participants must register by August 1, 1996. Complete and return the enclosed registration form with payment, or e-mail complete registration information to AGU. Registration fees are $260.00 for scientists and $145.00 for students. There are no one-day pro-rated registration fees. Participant registration fees cover admission to all scientific sessions, local shuttle service, refreshment breaks, Welcoming Reception, Friday night Barbecue, Crater Lake Cruise and Rim field trips. NOTE: All interested participants must register in advance.
For more information, please contact the AGU Meetings Department at 1-800-966-2481, 1-202-462-6900, ext. 215 or e-mail your request to meetinginfo@agu.org .
Chapman Conference on Crater Lakes, Terrestrial Degassing
and Hyper-acid Fluids in the Environment
September 4 - 9, 1996
Crater Lake, Oregon
Conveners:
Johan C. Varekamp, Wesleyan University
Gary L. Rowe, U. S. Geological Survey
| WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1996 | ||
| 6:30 P.M. ARRIVALS, REGISTRATION, WELCOMING RECEPTION (Crater Lake Lodge) | ||
| THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1996 | ||
| SESSION I: GEOLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY and GEOPHYSICS OF
CRATER LAKES Chairpersons: S M Fazlullin and M Martini | ||
| 8:45 A.M. | INTRODUCTION | |
| 9:00 A.M. | B W Christenson | INVITED - Observations from the 1995/96 Eruption of Mt. Ruapehu, New Zealand: Processes Affecting the Sulfur Mass Budget of the Volcano |
| 9:20 A.M. | M A Armienta, S De la Cruz-Reyna, J L Macias, Y Taran, N Ceniceros, A Aguayo, O Cruz | Geochemical Trends of the Lake Water at El Chichon Volcano since 1983. |
| 9:40 A.M. | T Ohba, J Hirabayashi, K Nogami | Changes in the Crater Lake on Kusatsu-shirane Volcano, Japan: Response to the Volcanic Activity |
| 10:00 A.M. | M. Martini | The Influence of Hydrothermal Systems on Volcanic Activity: 20 Years of Investigations of Phlegrean Fields and Vulcano (Italy). |
| 10:20 A.M. | COFFEE BREAK | |
| 10:40 A.M. | J. Vandemeulebrouck | Degassing Rate Variations in a Crater Lake Deduced From Hydroacoustic Noise Level Measurements |
| 11:00 A.M. | C G Newhall, N R Campita, F G Delfin Jr | Early Evolution of a Caldera Lake, Mount Pinatubo, Philippines |
| 11:20 A.M. | D L L Lopez, J R SantamarŤa, M E Sagastizado, J de Hern…ndez | Seasonal Variations in Water Chemistry and Thermal Regime at a Tropical Volcanic Lake: Ilopango, El Salvador |
| POSTER SESSION I: GEOLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY and GEOPHYSICS
OF CRATER LAKES Chairpersons: S M Fazlullin and M Martini | ||
| 11:40 A.M. | Short Overviews of Poster Presentations | |
| 12:00-1:00 P.M. | POSTER PRESENTATIONS: | |
| . | D Delpino, A BermŁdez | Some Characteristics of Copahue Crater Lake. Argentina |
| . | S M Fazlullin | INVITED - Hydrochemistry and the Behavior of Microelements in the Estuary Zones of Recent Volcanic Regions (With Reference to the Kurile-kamchatka Region) |
| . | D Hayba, B W Christenson | Magmatic Heat and Mass Transfer into the Crater Lake on Mt. Ruapehu |
| . | K A Kempter, G L Rowe | Geologic and Geochemical Influences on Flank Stability: Role of the Crater Lake System of Rincon De La Vieja Volcano, Costa Rica |
| . | A B Osipenko, G M Gavrilenko | Current State of Crater Lake as a Reflection of Activity of the Gorely Volcano Hydrothermal System, South Kamchatka |
| . | M L Sorey | Heat and Mass Discharge from Thermal Areas at Lassen Volcanic National Park, California, Usa |
| . | T Sriwana, J C M de Hoog, M J van Bergen, B J H van Os | Volcanogenic Pollution in West Java, Indonesia: the Acid Crater Lake of Patuha Volcano and Impact on Local Surface Water |
| . | Y A Taran, M A Armienta, J L Macias | El Chichon: Chemistry of Crater Lake, Fumarolic Gases and Thermal Waters |
| . | S V Ushakov, V E Levin, V F Bakhtiyarov, G A Karpov, S M Fazlullin | Automatic Monitoring of Heat Flow through Bannoe Lake (Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka) |
| 1:00 P.M. | BREAK FOR LUNCH | |
| SESSION II: CO2-RICH LAKES, COLD CO2 EMISSIONS and LAKE
MODELLING STUDIES Chairpersons: W C Evans and S J Freeth | ||
| 2:00 P.M. | M Kusakabe, G Tanyileke | pH and Co2 Profiles at Lakes Nyos and Monoun, Cameroon |
| 2:20 P.M. | A Bernard, G Tanyileke, L Dejonghe | Geochemical Evolution of Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun, Cameroon |
| 2:40 P.M. | W C Evans, G W Kling, M L Tuttle | Hazard Mitigation at Nyos, Removing Gas and Water from the Lake |
| 3:00 P.M. | G W Kling, W C Evans, M L Tuttle, J P Lockwood, G Z Tanyileke | INVITED - The Exploding Lakes of Africa: From Loss to Wonder to Understanding |
| 3:20 P.M. | COFFEE BREAK | |
| 3:40 P.M. | L H Kantha, G B Crawford, R W Collier, S J Freeth | Numerical Models of Mixing Processes in Crater Lake, Oregon |
| 4:00 P.M. | S J Freeth, L H Kantha | What Triggered the 1986 Lake Nyos Disaster? |
| 4:20 P.M. | A Rice | Rollover in Volcanic Crater Lakes: A Possible Mechanism for the Lake Nyos Disaster |
| 4:40 P.M. | F Le Guern, R X Faivre-Pierret | INVITED - Crater Lakes Eruptions: Chemical and Physical Modeling |
| POSTER SESSION II: CO2-RICH LAKES and
EMISSIONS Chairpersons: W C Evans and S J Freeth | ||
| 5:00 P.M. | Short Overview of Poster Presentations | |
| 5:10-6:30 P.M. | POSTER PRESENTATIONS: | |
| . | W C Evans, M L Sorey, S R Silva, B M Kennedy, L J Hainsworth | Cold C0 2 Flux at Mammoth Mountain, California |
| . | J E Fessenden, T A Rahn | Degassing of Magmatic CO2 Recorded in Tree Rings at Mammoth Mountain, California |
| . | S A McCord, S G Schladow | Application of Lake Hydrodynamic Simulation Modeling for CO2 Degassing of Lake Nyos |
| . | C A Staples, W J Harrison, R F Wendlandt | Theoretical Geochemical Interactions Resulting from Carbon Dioxide Disposal in Deep Ocean Trenches |
| 6:45 P.M. | GROUP DINNER AT
WATCHMAN RESTAURANT AND LOUGE (Participants order off menu and pay individually.) | |
| 8:00-9:00 P.M. | PRESENTATION AT RIM VILLAGE CAFETERIA | |
| . | C R Bacon | INVITED - Mount Mazama and Crater Lake caldera, Oregon |
| FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1996 | ||
| SESSION III: ACID FLUIDS in GEOTHERMAL and SURFACE
ENVIRONMENTS Chairpersons: C N Alpers and D K Nordstrom | ||
| 9:00 A.M. | P Molling, C Zhu, B Koenig | Analysis of Volatile Chloride Production Using Chemical Equilibrium of Brine-Rock-Steam at The Geysers Geothermal Field, California |
| 9:20 A.M. | R O Fournier, J L Bischoff | The Generation of HCl in Volcanic Environments by Hydrolysis of Salts |
| 9:40 A.M. | F Goff | INVITED - The Valles Caldera Hydrothermal System, New Mexico |
| 10:00 A.M. | R D Schuiling | INVITED - Self-sealing of the Waste Acid Lake at Armyansk |
| 10:20 A.M. | COFFEE BREAK | |
| 10:40 A.M. | D K Nordstrom, C N Alpers, C J Ptacek, D W Blowes | INVITED - Measurement of Negative pH in Ultra-Acidic Mine Waters at Iron Mountain, California |
| 11:00 A.M. | C J Ptacek, D W Blowes, D K Nordstrom, C N Alpers | Use of the Pitzer Model to Describe Highly Acidic Mine Drainage |
| 11:20 A.M. | Y Xu, M A A Schoonen, D K Nordstrom, K M Cunningham, J W Ball | INVITED - Formation, Reactivity, Stability, and Analysis of Thiosulfate and Polythionates in Hydrothermal Waters |
| 11:40 A.M. | P O'Day, S Carroll, G Waychunas | Constraining Geochemical Models At Acid Mine Sites Using Molecular Information from Synchrotron X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy |
| 12:00 P.M. | T M Rodgers, J F Banfield, C N Alpers, R M Goodman | Microbial Weathering of Metal Sulfides: Initial Analysis of Bacterial Diversity by Ribosomal DNA Sequencing |
| 12:20 P.M. | E I Robbins, G L Nord, Jr, C A Cravotta, III, I-M Chou, D K Nordstrom, T Muzik, C E Savela, J I Eddy, K J T Livi, C D Gullette, K M Briggs | Microbial and Mineralogical Analysis of Flocculates That Occlude Porosity in Failed Anoxic Limestone Drains Fed by Acid Mine Waters |
| 12:40 P.M. | BREAK FOR LUNCH | |
| SESSION IV: ISOTOPE STUDIES and WATER/ROCK INTERACTION
PROCESSES in CRATER LAKES and GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS Chairpersons: A Bernard and M Kusakabe | ||
| 2:00 P.M. | M Kusakabe, B Takano, T Abiko | INVITED - Sulfur Isotopic Distance Between Sulfate and Elemental Sulfur from Some Hot Crater Lakes |
| 2:20 P.M. | P Delmelle, A Bernard, M Kusakabe, T Fischer, B Takano | Isotopic Geochemistry of the Hydrothermal System of Kawah Ijen, Indonesia |
| 2:40 P.M. | C N Alpers, R O Rye Jr, D K Nordstrom | Stable Isotope Systematics of S and O in Aqueous and Mineral Sulfates From Hyper-Acid Environments |
| 3:00 P.M. | COFFEE BREAK | |
| 3:20 P.M. | C G Cunningham, R O Rye Jr, P M Bethke, M A V Logan | Formation of Coarse-grained, Vein Alunite by Degassing of an Epizonal Stock |
| 3:40 P.M. | U Fehn | Potential of 129I and 36Cl as Tracers in Volcanic Fluids |
| 4:00 P.M. | Y A Taran | Hyper-Acidic Waters at Baransky Volcano, Iturup. Kuril Islands, Sulfur Isotopes and Volcanic Activity |
| POSTER SESSION IV: ISOTOPE STUDIES and WATER/ROCK
INTERACTION PROCESSES in CRATER LAKES and GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS Chairpersons: A Bernard and M Kusakabe | ||
| 4:20 P.M. | Short Overview of Poster Presentations | |
| 4:40-6:30 P.M. | POSTER PRESENTATIONS: | |
| . | F Africano, A Bernard | Acid Alteration in Fumarolic Environment and its Importance in the Fluorine Enrichment of Altered Volcanic Rocks. |
| . | L M Chastain, B Neugebauer, R F Wendlant, W J Harrison, J Barquero | Rock-water reactions Within the Crater Lake of Poas Volcano, Costa Rica - A Preliminary Report |
| . | A J Magenheim | Proposed Survey of the Chlorine Stable Isotope Composition of Crater Lake HCl: Potential for Estimating the Isotopic Ratio of the Volcanic Chlorine Flux |
| . | J C Varekamp, U Fehn, R T Teng, P Sharma, M Pennisi | A Search for Recycled Sediments in Volcanic Arcs: 36>Cl, 129I, and (delta)11B in Crater Lakes |
| . | D R Zimbelman, R O Rye Jr, G S Plumlee, J K Crowley, M A Skewes | Importance of Glaciers to the Geologic and Geochemical Evolution of Mount Rainier Volcano, Washington |
| 6:45 P.M. | GROUP BARBECUE DINNER (Community Center) | |
| 8:00 P.M. | VIDEO | Ruapehu, Keli Mutu, Karymsky |
| SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1996 | ||
| SESSION V: VOLCANIC DEGASSING and VOLCANO MONITORING Chairpersons: R B Symonds and B Takano | ||
| 8:30 A.M. | DATABASE DISCUSSION G L Rowe and J C Varekamp | |
| 9:00 A.M. | Z Qun, B Takano | INVITED - A Telemetering System for Monitoring Polythionates in Active Crater Lake |
| 9:20 A.M. | R B Symonds, T M Gerlach | The Interaction of Magmatic Gas with Cold Meteoric Water: Numerical Modeling and Implications for Gas Monitoring of Volcanoes |
| 9:40 A.M. | J B Lowenstern, T W Sisson | Modes of Degassing for Subvolcanic Magmas |
| 10:00 A.M. | R J Andres | The Use of COSPEC for Monitoring Terrestrial Volcanic Degassing |
| 10:20 A.M. | COFFEE BREAK | |
| 10:40 A.M. | K W Koepenick, S L Brantley, J Michael, G L Rowe, A A Nyblade, C Moshy | Volatile Emissions From the Crater and Flank of Oldoinyo Lengai Volcano, Tanzania |
| 11:00 A.M. | J C Varekamp, J F Luhr | Volatile Element Budgets of Explosive Eruptions: Contributions From Volatiles Adsorbed on Fine Ashes |
| 11:20 A.M. | R Collier, J Dymond, J McManus | INVITED - Hydrothermal Inputs to Crater Lake, Oregon |
| 11:40 A.M. | G Larson, M Buktenica, S Girdner | Long-term Limnological Monitoring of Crater Lake, Oregon |
| POSTER SESSION V: VOLCANIC DEGASSING and VOLCANO
MONITORING Chairpersons: R B Symonds and B Takano | ||
| 12:00 P.M. | Short Overview of Poster Presentations | |
| 12:30-1:30 P.M. | POSTER PRESENTATIONS: | |
| . | S M Fazlullin, R A Shuvalov, G A Karpov, S V Ushakov | Subaqueous Eruption from Karymsky Lake (Kamchatka) and its Effects |
| . | T P Fischer, S N Williams, N C Sturchio, G B Arehart, D Counce | Chemical and Isotopic Composition of Fumarole Gases and Spring Discharges from Galeras Volcano, Colombia |
| . | S J Freeth | Towards a Difinitive List of Volcanic Lakes |
| . | G M Gavrilenko | Poor-Known Data for the Mutnovsky Volcano Crater Lakes, Kamchatka |
| . | P R Kyle | Degassing of an Anorthoclase Phonolite Lava Lake at Mount Erebus, Antarctica |
| . | L G Mastin, J B Witter | A New Database on Eruptions Through Lakes and Shallow Water Bodies |
| . | G B Pasternack, J C Varekamp | Process Framework for Understanding Volcanic Lakes |
| . | B Takano, S Fazlullin, P Delmelle | International Analytical Cross Check of Active Crater Lake Water |
| . | M J van Bergen, G W Koetsier, S Bronto, T Sriwana | Degassing of Sulphur and Chlorine During the 1982-1983 Eruptions of Galunggung |
| 1:30 P.M. | DEPART FOR CRUISE ON CRATER LAKE | |
| 6:00 P.M. | POSTER PRESENTATIONS CONTINUED | |
| 7:30 P.M. | BREAK FOR DINNER (Individuals are on their own) | |
| 9:00 P.M. | BUSINESS MEETINGS OF
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF VOLCANIC LAKES DISCUSSIONS ON PUBLICATION OF PROCEEDINGS FOR CONFERENCE DATABASE ORGANIZATION | |