Fall Meeting Program and Selected Abstracts Searchable Online

San Francisco

San Francisco, the ideal city for a convention, is rated among the top ten destinations in the world. It is home to more than eight million visitors a year, attracting people with its fabulous scenery, more than 3,500 restaurants, world-class performing arts, and famous attractions.

Its principal attractions are the century-old cable cars, America's only mobile National Historic Landmark; Fisherman's Wharf, with its views, restaurants, and colorful fishing craft; Alcatraz, once the site of the United States' toughest maximum security prison, now a National Park; Golden Gate Park, with its Japanese tea garden, ocean beach, and seal rocks; Union Square, home of major-league shopping; and North Beach, the Little Italy of the West. San Francisco has something to offer every visitor, which may be why it is referred to as "Everybody's Favorite City."

The sessions and special lectures listed below are for the benefit of attendees who have broad interests in geophysics outside of their own disciplinary areas. Monday

• Oceanographic and Geophysical Applications of Precise Sea-Level Measurement From TOPEX/POSEIDON (Union)
• Physical, Ecological, and Societal Responses to Global Environmental Change (Union)
• Earth and Planetary Sciences Unified: In Memory of James B. Pollack (Atmospheric Sciences)

• Oceanographic and Geophysical Applications of Precise Sea-Level Measurement From TOPEX/POSEIDON (Union)
• Earth Structure From Crust to Core (Union)
• Bjerknes Lecture Contributions to the Understanding of the Mesoscale Structure of Extratropical Cyclones by Numerical Models presentation by R. A. Anthes, UCAR, Boulder, Colorado (Atmospheric Sciences)
• Sverdrup Lecture "The Iron Experiment: Advances in Ocean Chemical Instrumentation" presentation by K. Johnson, Moss Landing (Ocean Sciences)
• Shoemaker-Levy Impact with Jupiter (Planetology)
• Why Mars is Red? (Planetology)
• Earthquake Source Physics - The Jorge Lomnitz-Adler Session (Seismology)
• Recent Advances in Understanding the Comet/Solar Wind Interaction (SPA: Heliospheric)

• Earth Structure From Crust to Core (Union)
• From Earth's Deep Interior to Jupiter's Red Spot: The Continuing Legacy of Ray Hide (Union)
• Climate and Global Changes (Atmospheric Sciences)
• North Ridge Earthquake (Geodesy)
• A Tribute to John Verhoogen (Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism)
• Organic Chemical Contamination
• Tsunamis I: Warning Systems, Tsunamis II: Observations and Modeling (Ocean Sciences)
• Requiem for Magellan (Planetology)
• Recent Advances in Understanding the Comet/Solar Wind Interaction (SPA: Heliospheric)
• Parker Lecture "Origins of the Solar Wind" presentation by A. J. Hundhausen, NCAR, Boulder, Colorado (SPA: Heliospheric)

• Strategic Environmental Research (Union)
• New Methods in Environmental Management (Hydrology)
• History of Hydrology (Hydrology)

This reception will include a book signing by Alexandra Navrotsky (Physics and Chemistry of Earth Materials, Cambridge University Press, 1994) and feature local wines, fruit and cheese. It is being jointly sponsored by the Cambridge University Press and AGU Committee on Mineral and Rock Physics. Admission is $5 for AGU student members and $7 for regular AGU members and guests.
Monday, December 5, 6:00-7:30 P.M.
Holiday Inn Civic Center, Gold Room New NSF Initiative in Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry

A special forum will be held on Monday, December 5 at 5:15 P.M. in Moscone Center, room 122, to present and discuss a new NSF initiative in Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry. Interested persons are invited to attend this forum where copies of a report on the initiative will be available. Geophysics Information for Teachers

A workshop offered by AGU for teachers of pre-college students, December 5 6, 8:30 A.M. - 4:00 P.M. For further information and to register, contact Frank Ireton, AGU, tel. 202-462-6900, ext. 243. The National Space Weather Program:

"Space Weather" refers to conditions in the sun, solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere that can significantly influence the performance and integrity of civilian, commercial and military systems. This meeting will provide you with an update on the Space Weather Program. Conveners are Richard Behnke (NSF) and Thomas Tascione (DOD).
Tuesday, December 6, 5:30-6:30 P.M.
Moscone Center, Room 302 The Agency Representatives Information Session: Presentations by Rich Behnke (NSF) and George Withbroe (NASA). Agency representatives will be available to discuss future agency plans and entertain questions from the audience.
Thursday, December 8, 5:30-7:00 P.M.
Moscone Center, Room 134 Career Planning and Placement Workshop:

The AGU Committee on Education and Human Resources is sponsoring a workshop on job hunting skills and strategies specifically designed for scientists. Reference materials will be provided. For information on registering, call AGU's Education and Research Department at 202-939-3222.
Thursday, December 8, 5:30 P.M.
Moscone Center, Room 125 Reception for Royal Astronomical Society Members:

All Fellows and Junior Members of the Royal Astronomical Society are invited to attend this reception on Thursday, December 8, 6:00 - 7:30 P.M. in the Parc Fifty-Five Hotel (55 Cyril Magnin St.). This will be primarily a social occasion, but several senior members of the Society will be present, and would be pleased to hear of any suggestions as to how the Society can improve its service to overseas Fellows who are unable to attend its meetings regularly. Hors d'oeuvres will be provided and a cash bar available.

Sunday, December 4
5:45 7:30 P.M.
Moscone Center, Room 134 Happy Hours: Meet your colleagues for informal discussions (cash bar).
Monday, December 5, and Thursday, December 8,
4:30 6:00 P.M.
Moscone Center, Hall D Honors Ceremony, Reception, and Dinner

Join in and pay tribute to the 1994 AGU Medalists and Fellows who will be honored at this event.
Wednesday, December 7
Location: Hilton Hotel, 5:45 P.M.
Ceremony followed by Reception, Ballroom 5/6, 8:00 P.M.
Banquet, Ballroom 4/5 (ticketed event) $40.00 AGU Council Meeting

Thursday, December 8
Location: ANA Hotel, Franciscan Room, 5:30 P.M. Section Events

The following sections will have a luncheon, reception, or dinner. Sections and their events are listed below. Section Luncheon $17.00 each (ticketed event)
Tuesday, December 6, 12:15 1:45 P.M.

• Seismology and Tectonophysics (joint)

ANA Hotel, Metro III Section Business Meetings Followed by a Reception (Complimentary hors d'oeuvres, cash bar)
Tuesday, December 6, 6:15 7:30 P.M.

• Atmospheric Sciences, Parc Fifty-Five Hotel, Parc II
• Geodesy, ANA Hotel, Franciscan I
• Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism, Parc Fifty-Five Hotel, DeVinci
• Hydrology, Parc Fifty-Five Hotel, Parc III
• Ocean Sciences, ANA Hotel, City
• Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology, ANA Hotel, Franciscan II/III. Presentation of the Bowen Award to Harry W. Green, II

Tuesday, December 6, 7:00 10:00 P.M.
$30.00 each (ticketed event)
Location: Wu Kong Restaurant

A telephone message and information center will be located in the North Lobby of the Moscone Center. The hours of operation will be 8:00 A.M. 5:00 P.M. Telephone messages will be posted on a message board. To reach the Message Center during the meeting, call 415 - 905-1801.

Fax and photocopying services will also be available at this center.

Public Information

As part of AGU's goal to promote public understanding of geophysics, AGU operates a newsroom and holds news conferences at its annual meetings. News releases and copies of journal articles about research being presented at the meeting are made available to reporters in the newsroom.

If you are presenting research that could be of interest to the general public, you can contact the public information office at your institution or agency in advance of the meeting for help in writing a news release. For more information about planning news conferences, contact Susan Mockler, AGU, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009; tel. 202-462-6900, ext. 309; fax 202-328-0566.

The newsroom will be located in Room 111 of the Moscone Center. The hours of operation are 8:00 A.M.-5:00 P.M., Monday, December 5 through Friday, December 9. The newsroom telephone number is 415-905-1807.

Job Center

Hundreds of potential candidates are available to help fill that open position! Pre-register your position with the Center, come and review resumes, schedule interviews, or even rent your own interview booth.

Job Candidates
Bring 5 - 10 copies of your resume to keep on file for employers, review the job postings daily and leave messages/resumes for those employers with whom you would like to meet.

The Job Center will be located in the Moscone Center North Lobby and will be open Monday through Friday, 8:00 A.M. 5:00 P.M. Staff will be available to assist candidates and employers and to set up interviews. Accessibility for Registrants With Disabilities

AGU wants to ensure that all people have access to the sessions and events they wish to attend at this meeting. AGU will gladly assist with arrangements for anyone with special requirements. If you have special needs, AGU will work with its vendors to provide reasonable support in these cases. Such cases might include, but are not limited to, providing wheelchairs, specially equipped hotel sleeping rooms, or TDD systems. Contact AGU's Meetings Department at 202-462-6900, ext. 200. Child Care

Parents needing child care service in San Francisco can contact one of the following agencies:

• NannyCare USA, Inc., 5337 College Avenue, Suite 339, Oakland, CA 94618. 800-448-2915
• Temporary Tot Tending, 2217 Delvin Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080. 415-355-7377

Child care services are a contractual agreement between each individual and the child care agency. These company names have been provided solely to assist delegates in making child care arrangements. Their mention does not institute a recommendation of any kind. AGU assumes no responsibility for the services rendered. Insurance Coverage

Those participants traveling from outside the United States who wish to purchase accident and medical insurance protection during their visit in the United States should fax or e-mail AGU at least 30 days before their departure date. AGU has asked Seabury and Smith, an association service organization, to make coverage available through their Gateway USA program. AGU will send you an application which you must complete and return directly to Seabury and Smith.

Insurance must be purchased for a minimum of 15 days. Prices will vary depending upon the type of coverage and the number of days you select. Current prices start at $4.65 per day. Travel

Fly to San Francisco on United Airlines and become eligible to win one round-trip airline ticket!

AGU is pleased to announce that UNITED AIRLINES has been chosen as the official carrier for the AGU 1994 Fall Meeting. By purchasing your ticket on United, you will be eligible for special discounts of 5% off any published United discount fares in effect, or 10% off applicable United coach fares when purchased 7 days in advance. In addition, each attendee who purchases a United Airlines ticket will be eligible to win one round-trip ticket on United Airlines to any destination in the continental United States! The winner will be selected in January 1995, and travel must be completed by December 1, 1995.

To purchase a discounted United ticket you, your travel agent, or corporate travel department must call United's special group ticket office at 1-800-521-4041. Be sure to refer to the AGU Meeting ID # 578WK to obtain the discounted fares and become eligible for the prize drawing.

Don't miss an opportunity to visit the exhibits area, where a wide variety of displays, including instrumentation equipment, computer software programs, books, and programs sponsored by government agencies, will be open for browsing and buying.

The AGU booth will be open Monday, December 5, 8:30 A.M. 5:00 P.M. All other exhibits will be open Tuesday through Thursday, December 6 8, 8:30 A.M. 5:00 P.M. Only the AGU Booth will be open on Friday, December 9, 8:30 A.M. 4:00 P.M. All exhibits will be located in Hall D of Moscone Center. List of Exhibitors

To take advantage of preregistration rates, the registration form with payment must be received at AGU by November 4, 1994. Meeting registration forms can be found in the August 2, September 6 and October 11 issues of Eos.

After November 4, participants will have to pay an additional $25 late fee. Late registrations (to include the $25 late fee) will be accepted at the AGU office until November 14. After this date, individuals will have to register on-site.

Payment can be made by American Express, MasterCard, VISA, check, postal money order, or bank draft. At the meeting, U.S. dollars are also acceptable. If a registration is received after the deadline, AGU will automatically charge a late fee. Rates

                         Until          After
                         Nov 4          Nov 4
Member                   $165           $190
Student Member           $ 58           $ 83
Retired Senior Member*   $ 58           $ 83
Nonmember                $205           $230
Student Nonmember        $ 98           $123

* Denotes member who is 65 or older and retired from full-time employment.
One-day rates are half of the above.
Individuals who pay the registration fee using a credit card may fax the form to AGU at 202-328-0566, or call AGU to register over the phone at 202-462-6900, or toll free inside the U.S. at 1-800-966-2481. Registration Hours Location: Moscone Center

Sunday, December 4
5:30 7:30 P.M.

Monday Thursday, December 5 8
7:45 A.M. 4:00 P.M.

Friday, December 9
7:45 A.M.-2:00 P.M. Members of Cooperating Societies

If you are a member of one of the following societies, you may register at the member rate:

• American Meteorological Society (AMS)
• American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS)
• American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM)
• Canadian Geophysical Union (CGU)
• European Geophysical Society (EGS)
• Geochemistry Society (GS)
• Union Geofisica Mexicana (UGM)

If you register at the full-meeting nonmember or student nonmember rate, you may become an AGU member at no charge for the 1995 calendar year, provided a completed membership application is received at AGU by February 1, 1995.

See "cooperating societies" listed above to determine if you qualify for member or nonmember rates. Guest Registration

Guests or spouses not attending the scientific sessions may register at the meeting at no charge. Guests who wish to attend a section event or the Awards Banquet must purchase tickets in advance. Receipt

The preregistration receipt is attached to your badge, which will be given to you at the meeting. Cancellations

Participants must send written notification of cancellations to AGU headquarters.

The full registration fee will be refunded if written notification is received at AGU headquarters by November 25, 1994.

Between November 26 and December 2, a $20 processing fee will be deducted from the amount paid.

Refunds will not be processed after December 2.

Cancellations for ticketed events will not be honored unless notification is received 96 hours prior to the event.

San Francisco has a multiplicity of hotel accommodations close to the Moscone Center. AGU has booked rooms at a wide selection of properties in the downtown area that will suit a variety of budgets and tastes.

While many of the hotels are within walking distance of the Moscone Center, San Francisco's excellent public transportation system makes getting from your selected hotel to any other location around town convenient and inexpensive. Taxis are also readily available and very reasonably priced.

Hotels have been selected on the basis of location, availability, price, safety, and desirability. Please use the key below to determine these main features listed under each hotel:

FC = Fitness Center
HA = Handicapped Accessible
P = Parking (prices indicated)
PS = Personal Safety (A, B, C, D, E, F)*
*A = highest, F = lowest
R/L = Restaurants/Lounges (Numbers of each listed)
R = Room Service
SA = Smoke Alarm in Room
SP = Sprinkler in Halls
SR or YB = Structural Renovation or Year Built
SW = Swimming Pool

Rooms are available at the following hotels: 1. The Abigail
45 McAllister Street
Tel. 415-861-9728
Rates: $66 single, $66 double
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
SA, SP, PS: C, SR: 1990

2. ANA Hotel San Francisco
50 Third Street
Tel. 415-974-6400
Rates: $94 single, $94 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P, PS=B, R/L, R, SA, SP, SR = 1993

3. Best Western Canterbury Hotel
750 Sutter near Taylor
Tel. 415-474-6464
Rates: $68 single, $68 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
HA, P = $12.50, PS=C, R/L, SA, SP

4. Cathedral Hill Hotel
Van Ness at Geary
Tel. 415-776-8200
Rates: $68 single, $78 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P: $10/day, PS: B, R/L: 1, R, SA, SP,SW, YB: 1960

5. Holiday Inn Civic Center
50 Eighth Street
Tel. 415-626-6103
Rates: $69 single, $79 double
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P, PS: C/D, R/L: 1, R, SA, SP, SR: 1988

6. Holiday Inn Financial District
750 Kearny Street
Tel. 415-433-6600
Rates: $75 single, $80 double
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
HA, P: $7.50/day, PS: B, R/L: 1, R, SA, SP

7. Holiday Inn Golden Gateway
1500 Van Ness Avenue
Tel. 415-441-4000
Rates: $68 single, $78 double
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
HA, P: $10/day, PS: B, R/L: 1, R, SA, SP, SR: 1988

8. Holiday Inn Union Square
480 Sutter Street
Tel. 415-398-8900
Rates: $82 single, $82 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
HA, P: $18, PS: B, R/L: 1, R, SA, SP

9. King George Hotel
334 Mason Street
Tel. 415-781-5050
Rates: $72 single, $72 double
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
Room must be guaranteed by a credit card within 2 weeks of arrival.
PS: B, SA, SP, SR: 1988

10. The Lombard Hotel
1015 Geary Street
Tel. 415-673-5232
Rates: $57 single, $57 double, $67 triple
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P: $10/day, PS: B, R/L: 2, R, SA, SP

11. Parc Fifty-Five
55 Cyril Magnin
Tel. 415-392-8000
Rates: $90 single, $90 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P, PS: B, R/L: 5, R, SA, SP

12. Ramada Hotel San Francisco
1231 Market Street
Tel. 415-626-8000
Rates: $72 single, $82 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
HA (have wheelchairs), SA, SP, PS: C, SR: 1990

13. The Hotel Richelieu
1050 Van Ness Avenue
Tel. 415-673-4711
Rates: $58 single, $58 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
SA, SP, PS: B, YB: 1908

14. San Francisco Hilton
One Hilton Square
Tel. 415-771-1400
Rates: $99 single, $99 double
Check-in time: 2:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P, PS: B, R/L: 4, R, SA, SP, SW

15. Shannon Court Hotel
550 Geary Street
Tel. 415-775-5000
Rates: $75 single, $75 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
Complimentary continental breakfast
HA, P: $12, PS: C, R/L: 1, SA, SPG

16. Sir Francis Drake
450 Powell Street
Tel. 415-392-7755
Rates: $85 single, $85 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
HA, P, PS: B, R/L: 2, R, SA, SP, SR: 1993

17. Villa Florence
225 Powell Street
Tel. 415-397-7700
Rates: $75 single, $75 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
HA, PS: B, R/L: 1, R, SA, SP

18. Westin St. Francis
335 Powell Street
Tel. 415-397-7000
Rates: $97 single, $97 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
FC, HA, P, PS: B, R/L: 7, R, SP

19. The York Hotel
940 Sutter Street
Tel. 415-885-6800
Rates: $60 single, $60 double
Check-in time: 3:00 P.M.
Complimentary continental breakfast
FC, P: $12/day, R/L: 1, SA, SP, PS: C To Make Your Hotel Reservation Housing Reservation Forms can be found in the August 2, September 6 and October 11 issues of Eos. Mail or fax the completed form to the San Francisco Housing Bureau at the address below. All reservation requests must be completed on the housing form and must arrive at the bureau by November 4, 1994. After this date, reservations will be accepted on a space available basis only, and prices are subject to change. Please note that rooms fill up quickly, so we advise you to make your reservation early.

Hotel rooms will be assigned on a first-come, first-served basis. Please list your first four hotel choices in order of preference on the housing form. If the hotels you have selected are sold out, the housing bureau will assign you to a comparable hotel based on your selection preference of (1) location, or (2) price. Be sure to mark this preference box on your housing form.

Note: Room rates do not include 12% state and local taxes. Late Reservations

Every attempt will be made to fill late reservation requests at the special convention rates. After the November 4 deadline, you should fax your reservation form to the Housing Bureau. The bureau will continue to process reservations until November 18, and will accept telephone calls to make reservations only after November 18. The telephone number is 415-227-2600. Confirmation of Hotel Reservations

The housing bureau will send a housing acknowledgment letter to you upon receipt of your housing reservation form. If you would prefer to have the acknowledgment faxed to you, be sure to indicate your fax number on the form. You should receive a confirmation letter from the hotel you have been assigned to within two weeks of the time you receive the housing bureau's acknowledgment. Please carefully check all information on the confirmation letter for accuracy. Room Guarantees, Changes, and Cancellations

To guarantee your room for late arrival (after 6:00 P.M.), the hotels require a deposit equivalent to the cost of one night's stay, payable by credit card. Changes and cancellations of your reservation must be made directly with the hotel to which you have been assigned. Mail or Fax Your Completed Housing Form Directly to

AGU 1994 Fall Meeting
San Francisco Housing Bureau
PO Box 424279
San Francisco, CA 94142-4279
Fax: 415-227-2631 @H12 = Shuttle Service

Throughout the week, round-trip shuttle service will be available for Cathedral Hill, Holiday Inn Golden Gateway (guests staying at the Lombard Hotel and Richelieu may catch a ride from these two hotels) and Ramada guests. Shuttle service will also be available from the Holiday Inn Civic Center to the Moscone Center. In the Union Square area, shuttles will run between the Westin, the Hilton, the Holiday Inn Union Square, and Moscone Center. Shuttle schedules will be posted in the hotel lobbies and at Moscone Center.

Program Committee

Meeting Chairman, Kevin P. Furlong, Pennsylvania State University, Dept. of Geosciences, University Park, PA; committee member: Kathy Furlong

Atmospheric Sciences, Joyce E. Penner, University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Livermore, CA

Geodesy, Karen Marks, NOAA, Silver Spring, MD

Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism, Steven Lund, University of Southern California, Dept. of Geological Sciences, Los Angeles, CA

Hydrology, Kenneth E. Bencala, U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Menlo Park, CA; committee members: Briant A. Kimball, U.S. Geological Survey, Salt Lake City, UT; Timothy Cohn, USGS, Reston, VA

Ocean Sciences, Mark Luther, University of South Florida, Dept. of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL; committee member: Andrea J. Ray, NOAA, Office of Policy and Strategic Planning, Washington, DC

Planetology, Suzanne E. Smrekar, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA

Seismology, Charles Ammon, Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO

Space Physics and Aeronomy, Odile De La Beaujardiere (SA), Geoscience Directorate, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA; Edmond C. Roelof (SH), Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD; Robert L. Lysak (SM), University of Minnesota, Tate Laboratory, Minneapolis, MN

Tectonophysics, Uri ten Brink, Quisset Campus, U.S. Geological Survey, Atlantic Marine Geology, Woods Hole, MA; Mineral & Rock Physics Representative, James Tyburczy, Arizona State University, Dept. of Geology, Tempe, AZ Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology, Frank J. Spera, University of California, Dept. of Geological Sciences, Santa Barbara, CA Location of Scientific Sessions

All scientific sessions will be held in the San Francisco Moscone Center, located at 747 Howard Street between Third and Fourth Streets. The abbreviation MC is used to refer to the Moscone Center in this program.
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