Designators for special sessions belong to the lead section or committee
abbreviation (i.e., A01 denotes Atmospheric Sciences, P01 denotes Planetary
Sciences, etc.). Additionally, special sessions are listed under
all sections or committees who have agreed to sponsor particular sessions.
These sessions are listed after the committee and section primary listing
but with the lead section designation. Some technical committees
have elected to only cosponsor sessions.
U01 New Frontiers in Mathematical Geoscience
This session solicits papers describing contemporary research in any
area of geoscience in which either (a) the understanding of a fundamental
geoscience problem has been significantly advanced by the application of
mathematical techniques beyond those included in the traditional geoscience
curricula, (b) the nature of the geoscience problem stimulates the development
of new mathematics research, or (c) pursuit of the geoscience problem reveals
a need for the application of new or unconventional mathematical approaches.
In addition to papers from geoscientists, relevant papers from mathematicians
and from collaborations between mathematicians and geoscientists will be
welcome. That this session is convened by program officers from the
National Science Foundation's Divisions of Earth, Atmospheric, and Oceanic
Sciences is a reflection of the enthusiasm within NSF for increased dialogue
and collaboration between geoscientists, mathematicians and statisticians
as they tackle some of the complex research questions in the geosciences.
Conveners: Steve Meacham, National Science Foundation, GEO Directorate,
4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22230 USA, Tel: +1-703-292-8580, Fax:
+1-703-292-9085, E-mail: smeacham@nsf.gov; and Robin Reichlin, National
Science Foundation, GEO Directorate, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington,
VA 22230 USA, Tel: +1-703-292-8580, Fax: +1-703-292-9085, E-mail: rreichli@nsf.gov;
and Pam Stephens, National Science Foundation, GEO Directorate, 4201 Wilson
Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22230 USA, Tel: +1-703-292-8580, Fax: +1-703-292-9085,
E-mail: pstephen@nsf.gov
U02 Exploring Snowball Earth Conditions During Ancient Times: Geologic
Evidence, Modeling, and Implications for the Evolution of Life
The "Snowball Earth" hypothesis implies that sea-ice and land glaciers
covered most of the Earth from the Equator to the Poles. These "Snowball
Earth" conditions may have occurred several times in Earth's history, but
have not returned in the last 500 million years. A number of questions
arise with respect to the "Snowball Earth" hypothesis such as: (1) What
is the evidence for global glaciation?; (2) How did life survive these
catastrophic events?; (3) What can models tell us about environmental conditions
prior, during and after "Snowball Earth" events? In this session,
we seek contributions from various disciplines (atmospheric sciences, biology,
geo-chemistry, geology, oceanography) that examine scientific issues related
to the "Snowball Earth" hypothesis. Examples include but are not limited
to physical processes initiating and terminating low-latitude glaciation,
the impact of "Snowball Earth" conditions on biology (extinction and recovery),
and processes that may have led the to rapid diversification of life at
the end of the Proterozoic.
Conveners: Gregory S. Jenkins, Penn State University, Department
of Meteorology, University Park, PA 16802 USA, Tel: +1-814-865-0479, Fax:
+1-814-865-3663, E-mail: osei@essc.psu.edu; and Christopher P. McKay, NASA
Ames Research Center, Space Science Division 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035
USA, Tel: +1-650-604-6864, Fax: +1-650-604-6779, E-mail: cmckay@arc.nasa.gov;
and Linda E. Sohl, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory,
Palisades, NY USA, Tel: +1-845-365-8510, Fax: +1-845-365-8150, E-mail:
sohl@ldeo.columbia.edu; and Mark McMenamin, Mount Holyoke College, Department
of Earth and the Environment, South Hadley, MA 01075 USA, Tel: +1-413-538-2280,
Fax: +1-413-538-2239, E-mail: mmcmenam@mtholyoke.edu
U03 Western Hemisphere Knowledge Partnerships
The grand challenge for science, technology, and society during the
next fifty years is to achieve a civilization that is environmentally sustainable,
economically prosperous and equitable, and therefore socially and politically
stable. Continuing advances in geophysics and the other physical sciences,
an explosion of knowledge in the biological and health sciences, and a
revolution in the technologies for distributing knowledge are combining
to make knowledge, broadly construed, an organizing principle for society
in responding to this grand challenge. New types of partnerships need to
be forged among all disciplines, among the major sectors of society, and
between disciplines and societal sectors. Western Hemisphere Knowledge
Partnerships are being created to test the hypothesis that knowledge has
the potential to be the wealth-creating asset that AGU's All-Union session
in 1997 concluded is the
case. A new era of science policy is unfolding.
Convener: Thomas F. Malone, North Carolina State University,
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27695
USA, Tel: +1-860-236-2426, Fax: +1-860-233-6250, E-mail: tfmalone@aol.com
U04 Integrated Strategies for the Mitigation of the Adverse Consequences
of Natural Hazards Worldwide
This session will examine how science and technology are, or could
be, used to guide public policy decisions to mitigate natural hazards risks,
with particular focus on mitigation strategies for developing countries.
These hazards include hurricanes, abnormal rainfall, floods, droughts,
earthquakes, space weather, and climate change. Papers might focus on mitigation
strategies that have been used or proposed for particular biophysical or
socioeconomic situations. Such studies could describe how data or models
were used to predict environmental consequences, such as biochemical and
trophic changes, on the basis of known empirical relationships, and how
those scientific results were presented in a form suitable for use by non-specialists
in the government agencies, NGOs and the general public. They could also
describe the methods of coupling and integrating geophysical models of
natural hazards with socioeconomic models. We invite papers from geoscientists,
social scientists, or policy professionals who have worked on either the
relevant scientific research or its application to natural hazards policy.
AGU members from developing countries are particularly encouraged to submit
abstracts addressing the kinds of scientific research and cooperation they
see as important in helping them to make progress against destruction by
natural hazards.
Conveners: Margaret R. Goud Collins, American Academy of Arts
and Sciences, U.S. Committee for IIASA Norton's Woods, 136 Irving St.,
Cambridge, MA 02138 USA, Tel: +1-617-576-5019, Fax: +1-508-548-6063, E-mail:
mcollins@amacad.org; and U. Aswathanarayana, Advisor on Environment &
Technology C.P. 1947, Maputo, Mozambique, Tel: +2581-307068, Fax: +2581-308915,
E-mail: anarayan@zebra.uem.mz
U05 Structure and Dynamics of the Inner Core
The solidification of the inner core has been proposed to be a likely
energy source for the Earth's geodynamo, and its presence stabilizes the
Earth's magnetic field. Computational and observational advances in mineral
physics, seismology, and geomagnetism have significantly narrowed the bounds
on the variables and observables of inner core properties. These include
the composition, structural state, elastic anisotropy, and differential
rotation rate of the inner core. Seismology has also recently detected
a heterogeneous fabric in the inner core, which may be related to its crystalline
texture or melt inclusions. This session invites contributions that seek
to unify interdisciplinary observations, and interpret the consequences
of inner core structure, composition, state, and fabric.
Conveners: Ronald Cohen, California Institute of Technology,
Seismological Laboratory, Pasadena CA 91125 USA, Tel: +1-626-395-6958,
Fax: +1-626-564-0715, E-mail: cohen@gl.ciw.edu; and Vernon Cormier, University
of Connecticut, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Storrs CT 06269-2045,
Tel: +1-860-486-1391, Fax: +1-860-486-1383, E-mail: cormier@geol.uconn.edu
U06 First Science Results from the ASTER Instrument, Onboard the
Terra Spacecraft
The ASTER instrument onboard the Terra spacecraft is an international
effort, the instrument being provided by the Japanese Ministry of Industry
and Transport (MITI) and flying on a NASA spacecraft. It provides
the zoom lens for the other instruments aboard Terra, with 3 channels in
the VNIR at 15m resolution, including stereo, 6 channels in the SWIR at
30m resolution, and 5 chaneels in the TIR at 90m resolution. Its primary
mission is to measure and monitor global change, particularly on land surfaces
where the high resolution is required. Some particular targets are volcano,
glacial, and land use monitoring. The data are now available to the public,
and this will be one of the first opportunities to see early science results.
Conveners: Anne Kahle, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, U.S. ASTER
Science Team MS 183-501, 4800 Oak Grove Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA,
Tel: +1-818-354-7265, Fax: +1-818-354-0966, E-mail: ann@aster.pjl.nasa.gov;
and Yasushi Yamaguchi, Nagoya University, Japanese Science Team, Nagoya,
Japan, E-mail: yashushi@eps.nagoya-u.ac.jp
U07 Multidisciplinary Approaches to Understanding Coastal Zone Processes
As human populations continue to expand into coastal areas they intensify
urban and agricultural pressures at a time of growing uncertainty over
the potential effects of sea-level rise and climate change. Sandy, shallow
coastal aquifers are particularly sensitive to the contamination that accompanies
this increased population growth, and water resources are stressed due
to increased withdrawals. However, many questions remain regarding the
physical and biogeochemical processes that control water quality and interactions
between groundwater and surface water and between freshwater and saltwater
in the coastal zone. Changes in land use may also result in increased sediment
transport leading to degradation in quantity and quality of coastal marshes
and shallow estuarine areas. Coastal marsh degradation is further complicated
by sea-level rise, loss of coastal/barrier islands and increasing wave
energy, which combined, threaten their future stability due to changes
in hydroperiod and inundation. Climate change may also result in changes
in the magnitude, frequency and impact of coastal storms which may further
alter sedimentation and depositional processes in coastal areas. The interplay
of these various factors results in complicated relationships among the
biological, chemical, and physical processes involved making it difficult
to predict the outcome of management practices. This session will present
an overview of these processes and the important questions that remain,
in addition to offering a direction for future research in coastal zone
processes.
Convener: Larry J. Puckett, U.S. Geological Survey, MS413 National
Center, Reston, VA 20192 USA, Tel: +1-703-648-5842, Fax: +1-703-648-6693,
E-mail: lpuckett@usgs.gov
U08 Non-equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics
This session is designed to bring investigators from different disciplines
together to discuss recent research on non-equilibrium processes and of
dissipative phenomena in geophysics. Dissipative structures and related
fractal scaling, which often appear in non-equilibrium systems, are recognized
features of a number of geophysical systems as well. We will address these
issues by attracting papers on the global and local structures of geophysical
fluids, transport properties and scaling of turbulence, and energetics
of the non-equilibrium systems. These include dissipative properties of
the atmosphere and ocean, as well as mantle convection, the production
of available potential energy and its relation to the 2nd law of thermodynamics,
long-range structures and correlations in earthquake fault systems, and
extreme properties in the complex geophysical and extra-planetary geophysical
fields.
This session is designed with an innovative format.
It will consist exclusively of 20-minute invited talks, punctuated by 20-minute
moderated discussion sessions. Submitted talks will be included in
the accompanying poster session.
Conveners: Bill Klein, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Center for Non-Linear
Studies MS-B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA, Tel: +1-505-667-9469, Fax: +1-505-665-2659,
E-mail: klein@cnls.lanl.gov; and Kristy Tiampo, University of Colorado,
CIRES UCB 216, Boulder, CO 80309-0216 USA, Tel: +1-303-492-4779, Fax: +1-303-492-5770,
E-mail: kristy@caldera.colorado.edu
U09 Tools and Systems for EOS Data (POSTER ONLY)
NASA's Earth Science Data Information Systems Project is convening
a session on the use of tools to search, order, visualize and manipulate
data collected from the various Earth Observing System (EOS) Missions including
the recent Terra satellite and the future Aqua satellite. This is
a poster-only session intended to inform EOS Science data producers, data
users, planners and managers of available data systems and tools for managing
EOS data. Services include those that will help scientists process,
archive and access data and information for research, applications, planning
and management. Posters should describe system services, functionality,
access requirements and procedures and the intended user community that
work principally with EOSDIS data. Posters could address analysis tools,
data population tools, specific EOSDIS data sets and metadata types, tools
for metadata creation and management, tools for distribution, EOSDIS data
formats and distribution techniques.
Conveners: Ken McDonald, NASA-GSFC, Code 423, Greenbelt,
MD 20771 USA, Tel:+1-301-614-5331, E-mail: ken.mcdonald@gsfc.nasa.gov;
and Jeanne Behnke, NASA-GSFC, Code 423, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-614-5326,
E-mail: jeanne.behnke@gsfc.nasa.gov
A01 Earth Science Applications of Reflected and
Refracted GPS Transmissions (Joint with G, GP, H, SA)
Transmissions of the Global Positioning System constellation are receiving
increasing interest from the Earth science community as an important remote
sensing tool. Analysing the signals refracted in the atmosphere and ionosphere,
and reflected from land and oceans can provide continuous observations
of geophysical phenomena on a global scale. High vertical resolution atmospheric
and ionospheric measurements have received attention in diverse disciplines
including climate and weather, atmospheric science, hydrology, and space-weather
modeling. Signals reflected from the ocean have been successfully received
from aircraft and space and show promise for measuring ocean altitudes
and wind-induced surface roughness. The solid Earth sciences can benefit
from analysis of reflections from Earth's surface, and characterization
of ionospheric currents that interfere with geomagnetic remote sensing.
We invite papers that discuss the technical aspects of remote sensing with
GPS, and encourage the presentation of experimental or theoretical studies
that suggest new scientific and weather applications for the measurements.
Conveners: Anthony Mannucci, Jet Propulsion Lab, MS 138-308B
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA, Tel: +1-818-354-1699, Fax:
+1-818-393-5115, E-mail: tony.mannucci@jpl.nasa.gov; and John LaBrecque,
NASA, USA, E-mail: jlabrecq@mail.hq.nasa.gov
A02 Satellite Observations of Trace Species in
the Global Troposphere
Recent measurements of trace species in the troposphere from several
satellite-borne instruments have shown the potential of remotely sensed
observations to test and extend our knowledge of global tropospheric chemistry.
In the coming years, one of the major challenges to the scientific community
will be to assess whether these measurements are consistent with our current
understanding of tropospheric chemistry. This session will focus on data
retrieval methods and subsequent interpretation of tropospheric trace species
measurements from existing satellite missions. The session will also address
issues involving missions scheduled for the next few years.
Conveners: Paul I. Palmer, Harvard University, Department of
Earth and Planetary Sciences, Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge,
MA 02138 USA, Tel: +1-617-495-1591, Fax: +1-617-495-4551, E-mail: pip@io.harvard.edu;
and Prasad S. Kasibhatla, Duke University, Levine Science Research Center,
Nicholas School of the Environment, Room A333, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708
USA, Tel: +1-919-613-8075, E-mail: psk9@duke.edu
A03 Transient Tracers in Geophysical Flows (Joint
with B, H, OS)
Measurements of passive chemical species with natural or anthropogenic
time-varying sources or sinks, so called "transient tracers", are used
to diagnose the transport in many different geophysical systems. For example,
these tracers have been used to estimate transit times or "ages" of air
and water masses in the stratosphere, oceans, and groundwater reservoirs.
This session will bring together scientists from different geophysical
disciplines in order to foster collaboration and exchange ideas. Invited
speakers will give overviews of the use of transient tracers in each discipline.
Oral and poster contributions are invited that examine any aspect of transient
tracers in geophysical flows. Particular foci are the relationship between
timescales inferred from different transient tracers, and how these times
(ages) are related to the underlying transport processes in the flow. Papers
addressing these issues are especially encouraged.
Conveners: Darryn Waugh, Johns Hopkins University, Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD
21218 USA, Tel: +1-410-516-8344, Fax: +1-410-516-7933, E-mail: waugh@jhu.edu;
and Thomas Haine, Johns Hopkins University, Department of Earth and Planetary
Sciences, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA, Tel: +1-410-516-7048,
Fax: +1-410-516-7933, E-mail: thomas.haine@jhu.edu
A04 Influence of Clouds on Tropospheric Chemistry
The influence of clouds on tropospheric chemistry has been studied
extensively during the past four decades; initially for understanding acid
deposition, but more recently to understand cloud processing of aerosols
and chemical species. At this session, summaries of the results from
the 5th International Cloud Modeling Workshop - Cloud Chemistry Case, at
which aerosol and photochemical box model results were compared for specified
cases, will be presented. We also welcome presentations discussing
cloud chemistry from laboratory, field measurement, and modeling (from
0-D to 3-D) studies, including a discussion of major needs for future
advancements in cloud chemistry modeling.
Conveners: Mary Barth, National Center for Atmospheric Research,
PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-8186, Fax: +1-303-497-8171,
E-mail: barthm@ucar.edu; and Sonia Kreidenweis, Colorado State University,
Department of Atmospheric Science, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA, Tel: +1-970-491-8350,
Fax: +1-970-491-8449, E-mail: soniak@aerosol.atmos.colostate.edu
A05 The Tropospheric Ozone Production About the
Spring Equinox
The Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE)
investigation combined model studies and simulations with a set of chemical
and photochemical measurements taken over the critical winter-spring transition
in the northern mid-to-high latitude troposphere. The experiment took place
from February to May, 2000 in a series of 7 round trip missions aboard
the NCAR C-130 aircraft from Colorado to northern latitudes. The overall
goal of the experiment was to investigate the chemical and dynamic evolution
of tropospheric chemical composition; a particular emphasis was placed
on the springtime ozone maximum in the troposphere. As the experiment progressed
additional effort was used to investigate dramatic ozone depletion events
found over large regions of the Arctic surface layer. In this session,
summaries of results from the TOPSE mission, as well as detailed analyses
of the primary photochemical and dynamic processes that control the budgets
of radicals and reservoirs in the free troposphere, will be presented.
We also invite presentations of comparisons between models predictions
and measurements obtained during TOPSE.
Convener: Elliot Atlas, NCAR, Atmospheric Chemistry Division,
PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-1425, Fax: +1-303-497-1477,
E-mail: atlas@ucar.edu
A06 Middle Atmospheric Odd Nitrogen (Joint with
SA)
Odd nitrogen constituents have key roles in one of the dominant chemical
cycles governing the global ozone balance. Since 1978 components
of this chemical family have been observed at near-global scales by the
LIMS, SAGE (I and II), SME, CLAES, ISAMS, HALOE, POAM (II and III) satellites,
as well as at select latitudes by ATMOS and the JPL MkIV balloon payloads.
Recently, significant rate changes pertinent to the chemistry of odd nitrogen
have been published, significant hemispheric-scale changes in NO2
have been observed (SAGE II), and observations (LIMS, ISAMS, HALOE and
POAM II) indicating the transport of NOY constituents into the stratosphere
from the mesosphere have been reported. The proposed special session on
middle atmospheric odd nitrogen would seek contributed papers on all aspects
of the odd nitrogen budget within the stratosphere and mesosphere, with
the primary emphasis on those contributions which will have an impact on
the global and high latitude ozone budget. This will include papers
on photochemical rate measurements, analysis and reanalysis of satellite
and balloon odd nitrogen constituent data, new contributions on the effect
of aerosols on the repartitioning of odd nitrogen constituents, and studies
based upon zero-, 2-, and 3-D model simulations as well as trajectory simulations.
Papers comparing observed and calculated odd nitrogen constituents are
of particular interest.
Conveners: Linwood B. Callis, NASA Langley Research Center,
MS 401 B, Hampton, VA 23681-0001 USA, Tel: +1-757-864-5843, Fax: +1-757-864-6326,
E-mail: l.b.callis@larc.nasa.gov; and Ellis E. Remsberg, NASA Langley Research
Center, Hampton, VA 23681-0001 USA, Tel: +1-757-864-5823, Fax: +1-757-864-6236,
E-mail: e.e.remsberg@larc.nasa.gov
A07 Calibration of Meteorological Satellite Sensors
and Validation of Derived Products (Joint with B, H, OS)
Pre- and post-launch calibration and characterization of meteorological
satellite sensors are crucial to ensure the accuracy, continuity, and viability
of satellite-derived geophysical products. Independent validation of the
geophysical products thus derived will in turn establish the usability
of the same in Earth system studies such as those envisaged under the World
Climate Research Programme (WCRP), the International Geosphere Biosphere
Program (IGBP), and the global climate, terrestrial, and ocean observing
systems (G3OS). Accordingly, papers are solicited in the broad areas
of (a) pre- and post-launch calibration of meteorological satellite sensors;
(b) inter-sensor calibration; (c) rehabilitation of long-term satellite-derived
geophysical records (e.g., NOAA/NASA Pathfinder data sets); (d) procedures
for product validation; (e) product validation campaigns; and (f) international
collaborative and cooperative efforts.
Convener: C.R. Nagaraja Rao, NOAA/NESDIS Office of Research
and Applications, E/RA1 World Weather Building, Room 810, 5200 Auth Road,
Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA, Tel: +1-301-763-8136 ext. 138, Fax: +1-301-763-8108,
E-mail: nrao@nesdis.noaa.gov
A08 Research in Meteorology and Oceanography Utilizing
DoD HPC Resources (Joint with OS)
This session will highlight research in the climate weather ocean (CWO)
computational technology area (CTA) of the Department of Defense's High
Performance Computing (HPC) program. All research in this CTA which utililizes
HPC resources is encouraged to contribute. The grand challenge projects
within this CTA will be asked to give invited presentations in order to
highlight the leading edge research made possible by this program.
Conveners: Jay F. Shriver, Stennis Space Center, Naval Research
Laboratory Code 7323, Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529 USA, Tel:
+1-228-688-4625, Fax: +1-228-688-4759, E-mail: shriver@nrlssc.navy.mil;
and George W. Heburn, Major Shared Resource Center Programs Commander,
Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command, N5H, 1020 Balch Blvd., Stennis
Space Center, MS 39529 USA, Tel: +1-228-688-5396, Fax: +1-228-688-5791,
E-mail: heburn@cnmoc.navy.mil
A09 Climate Model Diagnosis: Tools and Techniques
Assessing how well climate models perform and understanding their systematic
errors have long been difficult problems in climate modeling. With increasing
resolution and longer simulations, new problems and new opportunities have
emerged. Software tools should allow remote data access and manipulation
of large data sets for sophisticated diagnostics on high frequency three-dimensional
data. Papers will be welcome that discuss new methods of accessing and
manipulating large data sets, creative techniques that reveal systematic
errors in climate models, model intercomparison, and methods that suggest
the causes of model errors.
Conveners: Gerald L. Potter, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, PO Box 808, MS
L-264, Livermore, CA 94550 USA, Tel: +1-925-422-1822, Fax: +1-925-422-7675,
E-mail: gpotter@llnl.gov; and James J. Hack, National Center for Atmospheric
Research, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-1387,
Fax: +1-303-497-1324, E-mail: jhack@cgd.ucar.edu
Atmospheric Sciences also presents joinly with the following
Special Sessions:
B02 Integrated Observations for the Biogeosciences
(Joint with A, NG, OS)
B07 Isotopes in Biogeochemistry and Global Change
(Joint with A, GS, H, OS)
B09 Mercury in the Environment (Joint with A, GS,
H, PA)
B13 CO2 Flux Measurements From the Ground
Up (Joint with A, GS)
B14 Land-Atmosphere Interactions (Joint with A, H,
NG)
B15 Global Remote Sensing and in-situ Land Surface
Data for Weather and Climate Models (Joint with A)
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with A, B, H, P, S, T)
OS04 Ice Cores: Paleoclimates, Glaciology, and Environmental
Change (Joint with A, H)
SA03 Polar Mesospheric Clouds, Noctilucent Clouds
and Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (Joint with A)
NG01 Recent Contributions of Nonlinear Science in
Atmospheric Research: From Paradigm Shifts to Problem Solving (Joint with
A)
B01 Carbon Saturation in Ecosystems: Controls,
Limits, and Implications (Joint with GS)
Estimates of soil C sequestration ‘potentials’ in managed ecosystems
are often made with native (i.e. prior to human use) soil C levels as a
point of reference, yet native levels can be increased by implementing
a variety of management practices such as fertilization, sowing more
productive species, or irrigation. Native soil C and vegetation C
levels reflect one particular climate and vegetation regime (i.e. that
without major human intervention) that can be modified (by changes in land
use or management) to increase ecosystem C stocks. Our best
understanding of soil C dynamics assumes a direct relationship between
C inputs to soil and soil C stocks that is directly affected by climate
and unbounded. However, a number of investigators have observed no
response to continued increases in C inputs to the soil. Are soils
in these systems saturated with respect to C? What factors define
C saturation limits in soils? What types of systems are at or near
saturation? What are the implications for the global C cycle, in
general, and C sequestration in particular? Basic ecological theory states
that plant production is constrained by the soil nutrient most limited
in amount (Liebig’s law of the minimum). What are the implications of the
limited ability of soils to store organic matter, which acts as a nutrient
reservoir, for vegetative production? Could vegetation C pools become
saturated? This session will focus on exploring constraints on and
limits to C storage in soil and vegetation. Abstracts are solicited
from all relevant fields.
Conveners: Richard T. Conant, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory,
Fort Collins, CO 80523-1499 USA, Tel: +1-970-491-2104, Fax: +1-970-491-1965,
E-mail: conant@nrel.colostate.edu; and Johan Six, Natural Resource Ecology
Laboratory, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1499 USA, Tel: +1-970-491-5599, Fax:
+1-970-491-0279, E-mail: johan@nrel.colostate.edu
B02 Integrated Observations for the Biogeosciences
(Joint with A, NG, OS)
The availability of high-quality field measurements and remotely sensed
data has enabled scientists to explore complex biogeochemical dynamics
at broad spatial and temporal scales. Often the process studies and models
that bring together large, diverse data sets generate patterns and synergistic
results that are not possible from traditional small scale studies. Both
terrestrial and oceanic biogeochemical processes are to be covered as well
as the gas exchanges (CO2, methane, DMS, etc.) with the atmosphere.
This session will highlight applications in which data for several parameters
are combined at broad spatial and temporal scales, recent data set compilations
and the integration of the data sets in state-of-the-art models. Both users
and producers of data sets are encouraged to participate.
Conveners: Martha Maiden, NASA Headquarters, 300 E. Street,
SW Code Y, Washington, DC 20546 USA, Tel: +1-202-358-1078, Fax: +1-202-358-2770,
E-mail: mmaiden@hq.nasa.gov; and Richard Olson, Oak Ridge National Lab,
PO Box 2008 MS 6407, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407 USA, Tel: +1-865-574-7819,
Fax: +1-865-574-4665, E-mail: rjo@ornl.gov; and Charles McClain, NASA Goddard
Space Flight Center, Building 28 Room W107, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel:
+1-301-286-5377, Fax: +1-301-286-0268, E-mail: mcclain@calval.gsfc.nasa.gov
B03 Biogeochemistry of Land Use Change (Joint
with GS, H, PA)
Land use changes such as deforestation, grazing management, and agricultural
expansion affect a range of biogeochemical processes, including the transport
of nitrogen, carbon, and other elements in vegetation, soil, water, and
air. This session will present results of field studies and modeling
approaches designed to better understand the consequences of land use change
on biogeochemical processes. Land use change in a variety of ecosystems,
both tropical and temperate, will be covered.
Conveners: Greg Asner, University of Colorado, Geological Sciences,
Campus Box 399, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Tel: +1-303-735-5033, E-mail: asner@terra.colorado.edu;
and Alan Townsend, University of Colorado, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO
80309 USA, Tel: +1-303-492-6865, Fax: +1-303-492-6388, E-mail: alan.townsend@colorado.edu
B04 Land Cover and Land Use Change: Implications
for Resource Management (Joint with H, PA)
Collectively, local scale conversion of rural and agricultural land
to suburban and urban uses has regional scale impacts on land and water
resources. This session focuses on the derivation and application
of land cover and land use data to yield greater understanding of land
use change implications for regional resource management. Papers
that detail models for land cover/land use change prediction or present
the use of land cover/land use information in hydrological and chemical
transport models are of particular interest. While efforts in other
areas are welcome, special emphasis will be placed on studies of the mid-Atlantic
and New England regions.
Conveners: S. Goetz, University of Maryland, Department of Geography,
College Park, MD 20742 USA, Tel: +1-301-405-1297, Fax: +1-301-314-9299,
E-mail: sgoetz@geog.umd.edu; and J. Jones, U.S. Geological Survey, 521
National Center Science and Applications, USA, Tel: +1-703-648-5543, Fax:
+1-703-648-4165, E-mail: jwjones@igsrn008.er.usgs.gov
B05 Remote Sensing to Address the Needs of Local
Communities (Joint with G, H, PA)
Remote sensing data from NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) and other
sensors can be used for a variety of commercial and government applications,
although the satellite-monitoring tools were conceived to support research
on global environmental change. Speakers in this session will share experiences
and discuss results and future plans to illustrate the practical utility
of remote sensing and GIS data in applications such as: urban planning
and smart growth management, precision agriculture, protection of natural
resources, hydrologic forecasting and disaster management and emergency
response. For example, it is possible to work closely with Federal/State/County/City/Tribal
government agencies to develop value-added products, prototype applications,
and disseminate data and information to support viable decision-making
and better management/allocation of resources. Abstracts for the
use of remote sensing to a range of practical applications are solicited
for this session.
Conveners: Robert Plante, Raytheon Systems Corporation, Science
Office, Upper Marlboro, MD 20774 USA, Tel: +1-301-925-0890, Fax: +1-301-925-0438,
E-mail: rplante@eos.hitc.com; and Mohamed A. Mohamed, Raytheon Systems
Corporation, Science Office, Upper Marlboro, MD 20774 USA, Tel: +1-301-925-0452,
Fax: +1-301-925-0438, E-mail: mmohamed@eos.hitc.com; and Satya Kalluri,
Raytheon Systems Corporation, Science Office, Upper Marlboro, MD 20774
USA, Tel: +1-301-925-0754, Fax: +1-301-925-0438, E-mail: skalluri@eos.hitc.com
B06 Contributions of Biogeosciences to the Millennium
Ecosystem Assessment (Joint with PA)
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment is an international effort to assess
the state of the world's ecosystems and their abilities to provide goods
and services important for human development. The assessment will involve
the contributions of hundreds of scientists over the next several years
and will provide information to policy makers on the current and future
condition of ecosystems (see http://www.ma-secretariat.org). This
session will explore the contributions from the biogeosciences that make
such an assessment possible, including observation and modeling studies
on a range of ecosystems at regional and global scales.
Conveners: Anthony Janetos, World Resources Institute, 10 G
Street, NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA, Tel: +1-202-729-7600, Fax: +1-202-729-7610,
E-mail: ajanetos@wri.org; and Walter Reid, World Resources Institute, 731
N. 79th Street, Seattle, WA 98103 USA, Tel: +1-206-782-7963, Fax: +1-206-782-5682,
E-mail: waltreid@attglobal.net
B07 Isotopes in Biogeochemistry and Global Change
(Joint with A, GS, H, OS)
Variations in the isotopic composition of molecules due to biotic activity
can provide substantial insight into the processes that have influenced
these compounds during their lifetimes. These isotopic signals have led
to significant advances in understanding the role of the biosphere in biogeochemical
cycling and to how these cycles have changed over time. In this session,
we encourage submission of isotope-based experimental and modeling-based
approaches to understanding natural and anthropogenic changes to biogeochemical
processes. We especially encourage submissions from fields such as oceanography,
hydrology, atmospheric science, and terrestrial ecology which will facilitate
the development of a cross-system understanding of biogeochemical transformations
in a global change context.
Conveners: Jim Randerson, California Institute of Technology,
MC 170-25 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA, Tel: +1-626-395-6123,
Fax: +1-626-568-0935, E-mail: jimr@gps.caltech.edu; and Julianna Fessenden,
USA, E-mail: fessenden@biology.utah.edu
B08 Large Woody Debris and the Geomorphology, Hydrology and Ecology of Fluvial Systems (Moved to H13)
B09 Mercury in the Environment (Joint with A, GS,
H, PA)
Atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic mercury is increasingly recognized
as a threat to human health. Most U.S. States and many countries now recommend
limits on human fish consumption, and fish-eating animals are also at risk.
Although deposition in many areas now may be declining, Hg continues to
bioaccumulate from years of cumulative inputs. We have much to learn about
how mercury moves from the terrestrial to aquatic environment and within
the aquatic environment to its uptake as methyl-Hg by biota. We invite
papers on all aspects of environmental mercury cycling in air, land, water,
and the biota - including, but not limited to, these questions. (1) Are
we accurately measuring inputs of atmospheric Hg? How important are dry
deposition and revolatilization? (2) How does Hg move from the terrestrial
to the aquatic ecosystem? (3) What is the role of land use / land cover
in Hg and methyl Hg fluxes? (4) What factors control Hg methylation? How
important is the role of inundation and fluctuating water levels? (5) What
are the important in-stream and in-lake processes affecting Hg mobility
and food chain uptake?
Conveners: Jamie Shanley, U.S. Geological Survey, PO Box 628,
Montpelier, VT 05601 USA, Tel: +1-802-828-4466, Fax: +1-802-828-4465, E-mail:
jshanley@usgs.gov; and Neil Kamman, VT Department of Environmental Conservation,
103 S. Main Street 10N, Waterbury, VT 05671-0408 USA, Tel: +1-802-241-3795,
Fax: +1-802-241-3287, E-mail: neil.kamman@state.vt.us
B10 Sedimentation in Coastal Marshes (Joint with
H, OS)
Limited understanding of sedimentation processes in coastal marshes
is a key constraint on the management of environmental impacts associated
with sea level rise, degrading quality and quantity of aquatic habitats,
and downstream impacts of watershed land use. The problem is exacerbated
by complex interactions among the numerous physical, ecological,
and chemical variables that impact sedimentation over a large range of
spatial and temporal scales. This session seeks a broad cross-section of
recent research on tidal marsh sedimentation from a variety of disciplinary
and interdisciplinary perspectives.
Conveners: Greg B. Pasternack, University of California, Department
of Land, Air, and Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616-8628 USA, Tel: +1-530-754-9243,
Fax: +1-530-752-5262, E-mail: gpast@ucdavis.edu; and Lynn A. Leonard, Department
of Earth Sciences, Deloach Hall, 610 S. College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297
USA, Tel: +1-910-962-2338, Fax: +1-910-962-7077, E-mail: lynnl@uncwil.edu
B11 Linkages Between Biogeochemical and Hydrogeologic
Processes in Shallow Ground-Water Systems of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal
Plains (Joint with H, PA)
It has been projected that by the year 2010, 75% of the U.S. population
will live within 50 miles of our coastlines, leading to increased urban
and agricultural pressures there. The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains
comprise a hydrogeologic landscape where increasing water demand for consumption
and irrigation, nutrients from fertilizer and animal wastes, and contaminants
from urbanization present a potential water resources threat due to the
sandy, well drained soils, shallow aquifers, and many small hydrologically
connected streams. Many of the biogeochemical processes controlling the
transport and fate of contaminants in these systems, and their linkage
to the hydrologic and geochemical setting are poorly understood. This session
will focus on biogeochemical processes in shallow ground-water systems
and hydrologically connected streams, and quantitative field studies to
assess the role of the hydrologic and geochemical setting in transforming
contaminants. Presentations are encouraged that describe hydrogeologic
factors controlling biogeochemical processes, the extent to which subtle
geochemical signals can be used to characterize important biogeochemical
processes, and studies examining the hydrologic and geochemical connection
between shallow aquifers and streams.
Conveners: Larry J. Puckett, U.S. Geological Survey, MS 413
National Center, Reston, VA 20192 USA, Tel: +1-703-648-5842, Fax: +1-703-648-6693,
E-mail: lpuckett@usgs.gov; and B. Thomas Nolan, U.S. Geological Survey,
MS 413 National Center, Reston, VA 20192 USA, Tel: +1-703-648-5666, Fax:
+1-703-648-6693, E-mail: btnolan@usgs.gov
B12 Eco-hydrological Dynamics of Water Controlled
Ecosystems (Joint with H, NG)
Many aspects of the action of climate, soil, and vegetation on
both the soil moisture dynamics and the soil nutrient cycle are not yet
completely understood. In semi-arid climates these mechanisms are important
to the dynamical evolution of vegetation ecosystems, which in turn are
responsible for some control on climate and soil moisture dynamics. The
section could solicit original papers on the analysis and modeling of soil
moisture dynamics, vegetation evolution, as well as on the role of soil
moisture and vegetation in the nutrient cycling. Theoretical results and
data analyses aimed at providing indications of general validity will be
important contributions to the section as a guide for the understanding
and mathematical modeling of water-controlled ecosystems.
Conveners: Amilcare Porporato, Polytechnic of Turin, Department
of Hydraulics, Turin, Italy, Tel: +39 011 564 5617, Fax: +39 011 564 5698,
E-mail: porporato@polito.it; and Paolo D'Odorico, Texas A&M University,
Department of Civil Engineering Environmental and Water Resources Division,
3136 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3136 USA, Tel: +1-979-458-2678, Fax:
+1-979-862-1542, E-mail: Paolo@civilmail.tamu.edu
B13 CO2 Flux Measurements From the Ground
Up (Joint with A, GS)
The session will address questions such as: Are component fluxes, such
as soil, leaf, and/or bole measurements made with chambers consistent with
the net fluxes measured with towers or balloons? What can CO2
flux measurements from soils, peats, or plants tell us about the underlying
mechanisms controlling ecosystem uptake and release of carbon?
A complete understanding of the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems
will require a combination of measurements and modeling of both net and
component fluxes of CO2. This session will include presentations
on CO2 flux measurements with chambers, towers, and tethered
balloons, and CO2 flux modeling studies that integrate component
fluxes to an ecosystem carbon balance. The session will include papers
from a range of terrestrial ecosystems, arctic to tropical, natural or
managed, upland or wetland.
Conveners: Steve Frolking, University of New Hampshire, Institute
for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Durham, NH 03824-2622 USA, Tel:
+1-603-862-1792, Fax: +1-603-862-0188, E-mail: steve.frolking@unh.edu;
and Patrick Crill, University of New Hampshire, Institute for the Study
of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Durham, NH 03824-2622 USA, Tel: +1-603-659-8695,
Fax: +1-603-862-3519, E-mail: patrick.crill@unh.edu
B14 Land-Atmosphere Interactions (Joint with A,
H, NG)
The purpose of this session is to provide a forum for reporting recent
advances in land-atmosphere interactions at the various spatial and temporal
scales. Field experiments, remote sensing analyses, and modeling studies
are all welcome. Various types of exchanges between land and the
atmosphere, including energy, water, and trace gases, will be considered
as well as the impact on climate.
Conveners: Roni Avissar, Rutgers University, Department of Environmental
Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8551 USA, Tel: +1-732-932-9520, Fax:
+1-732-932-3562, E-mail: avissar@gaia.rutgers.edu; and Ruth DeFries, University
of Maryland, Department of Geography and Earth Systems, Science Interdisciplinary
Center, College Park, MD 20742 USA, Tel: +1-301-405-4884, Fax: +1-301-314-9299,
E-mail: rd63@umail.umd.edu
B15 Global Remote Sensing and in-situ Land Surface
Data for Weather and Climate Models (Joint with A)
Global remote sensing and in-situ land surface data is crucial to the
understanding of the land-atmosphere interaction which is one of the most
important elements in the global climate system. These data include
land cover, fractional vegetation cover, leaf-area index, canopy
height, roughness length, albedo, soil texture, vegetation root, soil moisture,
skin temperature, snow cover, snow depth, etc. Some of these data can only
be obtained from remote sensing, while others need to be obtained through
field survey and in-situ observations. The purpose of this special session
is to bring together the data and weather/climate modeling community in
the areas of atmospheric sciences, hydrology, ecosystem, and remote
sensing. Papers discussing remote sensing and in-situ land surface data
for use in regional and global weather and climate models are solicited.
Also welcome are papers that address the impact of various land surface
data sets (particularly those from recent field programs and remote sensing
missions) on weather and climate modeling.
Conveners: Xubin Zeng, University of Arizona, Department of
Atmospheric Sciences, PO Box 210081, Tucson, AZ 85721-0081 USA, Tel: +1-520-621-4782,
Fax: +1-520-621-6833, E-mail: xubin@atmo.arizona.edu; and Forrest G. Hall,
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Office for Global Carbon Studies, Code
923, Building 33, Room 413, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-614-6659,
Fax: +1-301-614-6695, E-mail: fghall@ltpmail.gsfc.nasa.gov
B16 Application of Modern Plant Observations to
the Fossil Record: Implications for Paleoecology and Paleoclimatology
Recent observations of the chemical and ecological properties of plant
taxa and plant communities have yielded predictive relationships for the
reconstruction of paleoenvironments. This session seeks to present
a survey of recent observational relationships, as well as examples of
application to plant fossil records.
Conveners: A. Hope Jahren, Johns Hopkins University, Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA, Tel: +1-410-516-7134,
Fax: +1-410-516-7933, E-mail: jahren@jhu.edu; and Ben LePage, University
of Pennsylvania, Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Philadelphia,
PA 19104-6316 USA, Tel: +1-215-989-5618, Fax: +1-215-898-0964, E-mail:
blepage@sas.upenn.edu
Biogeosciences also presents jointly with the following Special
Sessions:
A03 Transient Tracers in Geophysical Flows (Joint
with B, H, OS)
A07 Calibration of Meteorological Satellite Sensors
and Validation of Derived Products (Joint with B, H, OS)
GP06 Banded Iron Formation, its Chemical and Physical
Properties and Relation to the Origin of Life (Joint with B, MR, P, V,
GS, M)
H03 Subsurface Microbial Ecology of Contaminant Plumes
(Joint with B, GS
H06 Natural and Enhanced Aquifer Denitrification
(Joint with B)
H08 The Isotope Signature of the Groundwater Recharge
(Joint with B, GS)
H09 Groundwater Flux at the Land-Ocean Margin: Physics,
Chemistry, and Ecological Implications (Joint with B, GS, OS)
H17 Interrelationships Between Atmospheric Deposition
and Landscape Features of Forest Catchments in Regulating Surface Water
Biogeochemistry (Joint with B)
H18 Isotope Tracers as Process Monitors in Hydrologic
Systems: Can They Be Trusted? (Joint with B, GS)
H19 Human Impacts on Nitrogen Cycling at Regional
Scales: Science and Policy (Joint with B)
H22 Assessing Water Quality in Regional Drainage Basins and
Aquifer Systems (Joint with B)
H27 Watershed-Atmosphere-Ecosystem Coupling: Prospects,
Approaches and Experience (Joint with B)
H29 Smart Growth: Impacts on Urban Hydrology and
the Protection of Natural Resources (Joint with B)
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with A, B, H, P, S, T)
G01 Detection, Resolution and Interpretation of
Non-Secular Variation in Geodetic Coordinates
This session covers the spectrum of non-secular time variation in coordinates
from < 1 sec (e.g, seismology) to years (e.g., hydrology), including
both the geophysical signals themselves, and the ability of geodesy (by
method, network design, instrumentation, analysis techniques) to detect
such signals, resolve model parameters, and discriminate competing hypotheses.
It should also cover quantification and mitigation of systematic model
errors and frame effects that can confound interpretation of real non-secular
signals, and prospects for detecting and resolving specific signals by
innovative experiment design and inter-technique synergy.
Convener: Geoff Blewitt, Nevada Bureau of Mines & Geology,
University of Nevada/Reno, Mail Stop 178, Reno, NV 89557-0088 USA, Tel:+1-775-784-6691
Ext. 171, Fax: +1-775-784-1709, E-mail: gblewitt@unr.edu
Geodesy also presents jointly with the following Special Sessions:
A01 Earth Science Applications of Reflected and Refracted
GPS Transmissions (Joint with G, GP, H, SA)
B05 Remote Sensing to Address the Needs of Local
Communities (Joint with G, H, PA)
T01 Recent Tectonics, Kinematics and Dynamics of
Southeast Asian Margins (Joint with G, S)
T04 True Polar Wander on Earth, Mars and Beyond (Joint
with G, GP, P)
Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism
GP01 Mapping Aquifers, Oceans, and Planetary Bodies
with Passive and Active EM Methods (Joint with H, OS, P)
Active electromagnetic methods are one of the primary techniques for
remote sensing and mapping of shallow aquifers and waste-plumes. Passive
EM techniques have recently been used to identify a potential ocean at
Europa, and EM will necessarily figure prominently in future Martian exploration.
We solicit papers on techniques, case studies, and potential future applications.
Conveners: Jeff Wynn, U.S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise
Valley Drive MS 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA, Tel: +1-703-648-6490, E-mail:
jwynn@usgs.gov; and Pascal Tarits, UBO-IUEM, UMR Domaines Oceaniques Place
Nicolas Copernic, Plouzane, F-29280 France, Tel: +33 2 98498763, E-mail:
tarits@univ-brest.fr
GP02 Paleomagnetic Studies of the Atlantic-Bordering
Continents: Rodinia to Pangea to Present (Joint with T)
The continents bordering the current Atlantic Ocean provide insights
into geologic and tectonic history covering several billion years and involving
the supercontinents of Rodinia and Pangea as well as numerous smaller continental
pieces. Paleomagnetic studies provide the necessary information to
reconstruct these paleocontinents and to investigate details of their evolution.
We invite paleomagnetic papers on various aspects of structure, tectonics,
and geologic evolution of present Atlantic-bordering continents at any
time in their history.
Conveners: Laurie Brown, University of Massachusetts, Department
of Geosciences, Amherst, MA 01003 USA, Tel: +1-413-545-0245, Fax: +1-413-545-1200,
E-mail: lbrown@geo.umass.edu; and Conall MacNiocall, Oxford University,
Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford, OX1 3PR UK, Tel: +44-1865-282135,
E-mail: Conall.Macniocaill@earth.ox.ac.uk
GP03 Paleomagnetic Puzzles, Rock Magnetic Riddles
(Joint with MRP, M)
Many paleomagnetic and rock magnetic studies produce data that while
reproducible remain mysterious. The data cannot be interpreted by the easy
rules of thumb by which most practitioners operate, yet they are not 'noise'
or the result of carelessness. This poster session is conceived to address
the issue of the unpublished enigmatic data that has been collected and
sequestered in the filing cabinets of the paleomagnetic and rock magnetic
community.
Conveners: Carlo Laj, CEA-CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse Batiment
12, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198 France, Tel: +33-1-6982-3538, E-mail: laj@eole.cfr.cnrs-gif.fr;
and Lisa Tauxe, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0220
USA, Tel: +1-858-534-6084, E-mail: ltauxe@ucsd.edu
GP04 Fluctuations of the Earth's Magnetic Field
(Direction and Intensity): From Paleosecular Variation to Reversals (Joint
with SEDI)
Despite recent growth of the quality and quantity of geomagnetic intensity
measurements, reliable paleointensity results are still scarce and
cannot be yet used to document the general characteristics of the Earth's
magnetic field. It has been recently shown that paleointensity during and
around transitions is a fundamental constraint on recent numerical models
that promise to provide unprecedented insight into the operation of the
geodynamo. The new high quality experimental data from volcanic and sedimentary
records, which describe the behavior of full geomagnetic field vector (directions
and intensity), are welcome. Contributions on related theoretical modeling
as well as new and improved techniques are also encouraged.
Conveners: Avto Gogichaishvili, Ciudad Universitaria, U.N.A.M.
Instituto de Geofisica, Depto de Paleomagnetism y Geofisica Nuclear, Mexico,
D.F. 04510 Mexico, Tel: +52 5 622 4230, Fax: +52 5 550 2486, E-mail: avto@tonatiuh.igeofcu.unam.mx;
and Peter Riisager, Danish Lithosphere Centre, Oester Voldgade 10, 1350
Copenhagen K, Denmark, Tel: +45 38142638, Fax: +45 33110878, E-mail: pri@dlc.ku.dk
GP05 Earth and Planetary Magnetic Survey Satellites
(Joint with P)
Papers are solicited on results from magnetic field satellites operational
during the Decade of Geopotential Research (1998-2008) and on all recent
planetary (Mars, Moon, Eros) magnetometer-carrying missions.
Conveners: Y. Cohen, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris,
Departement de Geomagnetisme et Paleomagnetisme 4, place Jussieu, Paris,
75252 France, Tel: +33-0144273904, E-mail: cohen@ipgp.jussieu.fr; and N.
Grammatica, Danish Space Research Institute, Juliane Maries Vej 30, Copenhagen,
DK-2100 Denmark, Tel: +45-3532-5830, E-mail: naphisica@dsri.dk; and M.
Purucker, USA, E-mail: purucker@geomag.gsfc.nasa.gov
GP06 Banded Iron Formation, its Chemical and Physical
Properties and Relation to the Origin of Life (Joint with B, MR, P, V,
GS, M)
Early stages of the development of life on Earth can be associated
with the environment which led to the deposition of Banded Iron Formations
(BIFs). A comparative planetology approach to the origin of life suggests
we look for possible analogs elsewhere in the solar system. We solicit
papers on the physical, isotopic, and chemical characteristics of BIFs
and their possible analogs.
Conveners: Gunther Kletetschka, GSFC/NASA, Code 691/695, Greenbelt,
MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-3804, E-mail: gunther@denali.gsfc.nasa.gov;
and J. L. Kirschvink, Caltech, Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences
170-25, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA, Tel: 626-395-6136, E-mail: kirschvink@caltech.edu
GP07 Magnetic Investigations of the Antarctic
(Joint with T)
This session highlights magnetic programs and investigations of the
Antarctic, including the first compilation of the Antarctic magnetic anomaly
map by ADMAP (Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project). Papers are solicited
on the Antarctic core, lithospheric, and external geomagnetic fields, as
well as rock physical properties, and gravity and other geophysical studies
that contribute to understanding south polar geomagnetism.
Conveners: Ralph Von Frese, Ohio State University, Department
of Geological Sciences, 125 S. Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA, Tel:
+1-614-292-5635, E-mail: vonfrese.1@geology.ohio-state.edu; and Massimo
Chiappini, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Via di Vigna Murata 605, Roma,
00143 Italy, E-mail: chiappini@ingrm.it; and Peter Morris, British Antarctic
Survey, High Cross Madingley Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom, E-mail: pmor@bas.ac.uk
GP08 Precise Correlation of Strata: Magnetic and
Other Methods (Joint with OS, V)
Precise regional and global correlations of strata remain a great challenge.
Although magnetic polarity stratigraphy is widely applied, it requires
calibration by other methods. Multidisciplinary methods involving radio-isotope
dating, faunal assemblages, cyclic (Malankovitch) litho-variations, stable
isotope ratios, marker horizons (ashes and tektite layers), unique chemical
signatures, and a variety of magnetic methods provide the best results.
Among the magnetic methods, recent studies suggest that unique magnetic
susceptibility signatures may allow precise global correlations near certain
time horizons. This session focuses on magnetic methods for correlation
of strata but also invites contributions from other specialities.
Conveners: William D. MacDonald, State University of New York,
Department of Geological Sciences, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA, Tel: +1-607-777-2863,
Fax: +1-607-777-2288, E-mail: wdmacdon@binghamton.edu
Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism also presents jointly with the
following Special Sessions:
A01 Earth Science Applications of Reflected and Refracted
GPS Transmissions (Joint with G, GP, H, SA)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP, GS,
MR, NG, SEDI, T)
T03 Computational Earth Laboratories (Joint with
GP, M, MR, NG, S)
T04 True Polar Wander on Earth, Mars and Beyond (Joint
with G, GP, P)
GS01 Magmatic Volatile Histories: Stable Isotopic
Tracing of Sources and Degassing Processes in Magmatic Systems and Implications
for Volcanology and Earth System Science (Joint with T, M)
Stable isotopic tracing of magmatic volatiles (CO2, H2O,
and SO2/H2S in particular), from their source to magmatic degassing processes,
have provided information of potential use to several disciplines in science.
Isotopic fractionation between volatile species in the melt and exsolving
vapor phases often allows quantification of volcanic volatile budgets,
particularly when the extent of degassing is constrained by studies of
glass inclusions and tephra matrix glasses. These results have implications
for several fields of research, including volcanology, hazard management,
climatology/atmospheric science, and economic geology. This session will
bring together contributions from the field, laboratory, and theoretical/numerical
modeling to outline a state-of-the-art understanding of what we know and
what we have yet to learn regarding sourcing, storage, and degassing of
volatiles from magmas in all tectonic settings.
Conveners: Bruce E. Taylor, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa,
ON K1A 0E8 Canada, Fax: +1-613-943-1286, E-mail: btaylor@nrcan.gc.ca; and
Charlie Mandeville, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024-5192
USA, Fax: +1-212-769-5339, E-mail: cmandy@amnh.org
GS02 Light Stable Isotope Ratio Standards Metrology:
Recent Advances and Needs Assessment (Joint with V)
The measurement, calibration and data reduction issues concerning the
light stable isotope reference materials (e.g., tritium, sulfur, nitrogen,
oxygen and carbon, both inorganic and organic) are of major importance
to all that use isotopes as a tool to quantify earth processes. Over
the past several years there have been some exciting metrological advances
including a novel and very successful CO2 intercomparison exercise,
the nearly fully realized VCDT scale for sulfur isotopes and a reassessment
of the half life of tritium. The value assignments of nearly all
of the standards for the above mentioned elements will soon be updated
and published. This session will focus on how best to effectively
relate and disseminate measurement results across laboratories, industries,
nations, and international networks so that real progress is made at understanding
complex chemical systems of importance to the atmospheric and geologic
communities and are traceable at the highest level. Additionally,
despite the fact that continuous flow mass spectrometric techniques are
proliferating, there exists almost a complete lack of reference materials
for these analyses. Contributions are invited that focus on these issues
so that; 1.) the atmospheric and geologic communities are informed of current
NIST and IAEA recommended practices and 2.) as a forum for presenting new
results on appropriate isotopic reference materials for both bulk and compound
specific continuous flow techniques.
Convener: Donna B. Klinedinst, National Institute of Standards
and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive MS 8372, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8372 USA,
Tel: +1-301-975-3927, Fax: +1-301-926-6689, E-mail: donna.klinedinst@nist.gov
Geochemical Society also presents jointly with the following
Special Sessions:
B01 Carbon Saturation in Ecosystems: Controls, Limits,
and Implications (Joint with GS)
B03 Biogeochemistry of Land Use Change (Joint
with GS, H, PA)
B07 Isotopes in Biogeochemistry and Global Change
(Joint with A, GS, H, OS)
B09 Mercury in the Environment (Joint with A, GS,
H, PA)
B13 CO2 Flux Measurements From the Ground
Up (Joint with A, GS)
GP06 Banded Iron Formation, its Chemical and Physical
Properties and Relation to the Origin of Life (Joint with B, MR, P, V,
GS, M)
H03 Subsurface Microbial Ecology of Contaminant Plumes
(Joint with B, GS)
H04 Geologic Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide (Joint
with GS)
H05 Physicochemical Hydrodynamics of Nonaqueous Phase
Liquid in Porous and Fractured Media (Joint with GS, NG)
H08 The Isotope Signature of the Groundwater Recharge
(Joint with B, GS)
H09 Groundwater Flux at the Land-Ocean Margin: Physics,
Chemistry, and Ecological Implications (Joint with B, GS, OS)
H18 Isotope Tracers as Process Monitors in Hydrologic
Systems: Can They Be Trusted? (Joint with B, GS)
H20 Arsenic and Other Toxic Metals in Natural Waters
(Joint with GS)
M02 Characterizing Organic and Inorganic Hydrothermal
Systems (Joint with V, GS)
OS02 High-Resolution Climate Records From Laminated
Sediments (Joint with V, GS)
P02 New Views of the Moon (ORAL) (Joint with V, GS)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP, GS,
MR, NG, SEDI, T)
S04 How Rifting Worked in Northeastern North America
(Joint with T, V, GS)
S06 The Structure and Early Evolution of Cratons
(Joint with T, V, GS)
T02 Dynamics of Gas Hydrate Reservoirs and Similar
Shallow Marine Flow Systems (Joint with B, GS, H, OS)
V01 Continental Weathering and Ocean Chemistry (Joint
with H, OS, GS)
V05 The Construction of Archean Cratons: Reconciling
Radiometric Dates From Crustal and Mantle Rocks (Joint with T, GS)
H01 Pore-Scale Characterization of Subsurface
Transport and Fate Processes
Pore-scale processes are important because many mixing, mass transfer,
and reaction phenomena in the subsurface depend upon factors such as local
solute concentrations, pore-space topology, and grain-scale heterogeneity.
Pore-scale processes are also important because they affect the models
and parameters used at the Darcy or field-scale. The goal of this session
is to present results from innovative experimental and modeling techniques
that examine pore-scale transport and fate processes, and the effects of
these processes at a larger scale. Topics of interest include multi-phase
flow, DNAPL dissolution, systems with dynamically changing pore-space topology
(e.g., fracture dissolution), colloid-facilitated transport, biodegradation,
and dispersive mixing. Systems dealing with both artificial and natural
porous media are of interest.
Conveners: Albert Valocchi, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews
Ave., MC-250, Urbana, IL 61801 USA, Tel: +1-217-333-3176, Fax: +1-217-333-0687,
E-mail: valocchi@uiuc.edu; and Charles Werth, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews
Ave, MC-250, Urbana, IL 61801 USA, Tel: +1-217-333-3822, Fax: +1-217-333-6968,
E-mail: werth@uiuc.edu; and Thomas Baumann, Department of Hydrogeology,
Hydrochemistry and Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Technical University
Munich (TUM), Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Tel: +49-89-7095-7993,
Fax: +49-89-7095-7999, E-mail: thomas.baumann@ch.tum.de
H02 Methods for Identifying Contaminant Source
Location, Release History, and Boundary-Initial Conditions
There exists a need for a suite of field measurement and simulation
tools that can both reconstruct the spatial/temporal history of contaminant
plumes in groundwater and identify the contaminant source location, geometry,
and release rate. Reconstruction is complicated by uncertainty in quantifying
plume transport processes (dispersion, retardation and transformation)
and the ill-posedness of the problem. Methods applied to the problem to
date include tools such as: modeling, isotope composition analysis, and
chemical fingerprinting. Papers are encouraged that will enhance interaction
and synergism among different groups, in particular mathematical modelers,
field experimentalists, tracer hydrologists, forensic legal experts, and
regulatory agencies.
Conveners: A.C. Bagtzoglou, Columbia University, Department
of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, 500 W. 120th Street, New
York, N.Y. 10027 USA, Tel.: +1-212-854-3154, Fax: +1-212-854-6267, E-mail:
abagtzog@civil.columbia.edu; and Zbigniew J. Kabala, Duke University, Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Durham, NC 27708-0287 USA, Tel.:
+1-919-660-5479, Fax: +1-919-660-5219, E-mail: kabala@copernicus.egr.duke.edu
H03 Subsurface Microbial Ecology of Contaminant
Plumes (Joint with B, GS)
The activities of subsurface microbial populations are critical to
the long-term fate of biodegradable groundwater contaminants. Plumes of
degradable contaminants exhibit temporal changes in redox conditions and
sharp spatial chemical gradients, particularly at plume boundaries. Aquifers
impacted by these changes offer a variety of ecological niches for subsurface
microorganisms which are only beginning to be explored. The purpose of
this session is to examine how geochemical variations in contaminant plumes
control (1) the genesis, propagation, and death of subsurface microbial
communities and (2) the associated contaminant degradation. Papers that
evaluate the development of microbial populations in the field or laboratory,
as well as the aqueous and solid phase chemical changes associated with
microbial succession are welcome. Modelling approaches to understanding
microbial succession in contaminated subsurface environments are also encouraged.
Other microbial ecology issues that may be explored include the distribution
of populations between attached and suspended phases, predation by protists,
and degradation processes mediated by microbial consortia.
Conveners: Barbara Bekins, U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield
Road, MS 496, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA, Tel.: +1-650-329-4691, E-mail:
babekins@usgs.gov; and Isabelle Cozzarelli, U.S. Geological Survey, 12201
Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA, Tel.: +1-703-648-5899,
E-mail: icozzare@usgs.gov
H04 Geologic Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide (Joint
with GS)
Recently, interest has grown in sequestering CO2 in geologic
formations to prevent the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Many issues must be addressed to assess the effectiveness and safety of
this approach. Issues include — how much CO2 can be sequestered?
Which formations are good for sequestration? How can CO2
migration be monitored? How effective are hydrodynamic traps and will geochemical
interactions transform CO2 into stable aqueous or mineral phases?
What are the potential environmental impacts of geologic sequestration?
This session invites papers related to these issues in the areas of (1)
flow and transport simulation, (2) geophysical, hydrological and geochemical
monitoring of CO2 migration in the subsurface, (3) geochemical
interactions controlling the long term fate and environmental impacts of
sequestered CO2, (4) geomechanical factors affecting the integrity
of the reservoir seal and (5) environmental impacts of CO2 sequestration
on water resources.
Conveners: Sally M. Benson, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720
USA, Tel.: +1-510-486-5875, Fax: +1-510-486-7714, E-mail: smbenson@lbl.gov;
and Robert C. Burruss, U.S. Geological Survey, National Center, MS 956,
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 20192 USA, Tel.: +1-703-648-6144,
Fax: +1-703-648-6419, E-mail: burruss@usgs.gov; and Larry Myer, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road
MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA, Tel.: +1-510-486-6456, Fax: 1+510-486-7714,
E-mail: lrmyer@lbl.gov
H05 Physicochemical Hydrodynamics of Nonaqueous
Phase Liquid in Porous and Fractured Media (Joint with GS, NG)
Mass exchanges between NAPL, aqueous, gas, and solid phases are important
processes with regard to the ultimate fate of NAPLs in the subsurface.
However, our ability to quantify rates of interphase mass exchange at the
field scale is still insufficient. Multiphase mass exchange processes have
been investigated intensely in other disciplines, notably chemical engineering.
The intent of this session is to bring together researchers and practitioners
from the hydrology, chemical engineering, and others communities. We seek
contributions that include results from theoretical, mathematical modeling,
and experimental studies of the physico-chemical hydrodynamics of the nonaqueous-phase-liquid/water
interface at different scale for enhancing aquifer remediations.
The following schedule is suggested:
Oral Sessions: 3 oral sessions are desired. Each expected to cover
a specific topics such as:
i- Physicochemical hydrodynamic of NAPL-APL interface.
ii- Numerical and Analytical modeling of NAPL in the subsurface.
iii- Cleanup efforts, applications in real field cases.
One-half day poster Session.
Conveners: Said Doss, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,
L-530, Livermore, CA 94551 USA, Tel.: +1-925-423-4281, E-mail: doss1@llnl.gov;
and Souheil Ezzedine, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-530, Livermore,
CA 94551 USA, Tel.: +1-925-422-0565, Fax: +1-925-424-3155, E-mail: ezzedine1@llnl.gov;
and Andrew F. B. Tompson, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-204,
Livermore, CA 94551 USA, Tel.: +1-925-422-6348, Fax: +1-925-422-1997, E-mail:
afbt@llnl.gov; and John Ziagos, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,
L-544, Livermore, CA 94551 USA, Tel.: +1-925-422-5479, Fax: +1-925-423-5764,
E-mail: ziagos1@llnl.gov
H06 Natural and Enhanced Aquifer Denitrification
(Joint with B)
Nitrate is the most common groundwater contaminant (Freeze and Cherry,
1979). As such, understanding denitrification is essential for groundwater
quality protection and aquifer remediation. The goal of this session is
to present basic and applied research on natural and enhanced aquifer denitrification.
Topics may include, but are not limited to: use of stable isotope ratios
to monitor denitrification; field experiments to determine denitrification
rates and associated geochemical reactions; niches for and characteristics
of denitrifying bacteria; analytical and numerical models of denitrification;
selection of electron-donor amendments for enhanced denitrification; design
of amendment delivery systems; limiting biofouling; and criteria for evaluating
and managing denitrification in aquifers.
Conveners: Simon Bottrell, School of Earth Sciences, The University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK, Tel.: +44-113-233-5228, Fax: +44-113-233-5259,
E-mail: S.Bottrell@earth.leeds.ac.uk; and Scott F. Korom, Department of
Geology & Geological Engineering, PO Box 8358, University of North
Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8358 USA, Tel.: +1-701-777-6156, Fax: +1-701-777-4449,
E-mail: scott_korom@mail.und.nodak.edu; and Roy Spalding, University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Natural Resources Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844 USA,
Tel.: +1-402-472-8214, Fax: +1-402-472-9599, E-mail: rspalding@unl.edu
H07 Strategies for Water Supply Development / Management
in Developing Nations
Provision of water supplies of sufficient quantity and quality remains
a critical challenge in the economic development of many regions of the
third world. In this session, we seek papers which discuss strategies for
the development and/or management of water resources in developing countries.
We anticipate that a range of topics will be covered including, but not
limited to, efficient use of water for agriculture and industry, technical
and social issues related to development of water resources in complex
geologic settings (e.g., in fractured crystalline rock or arid environments),
evaluation of the economic value of water, concepts in water source protection,
and novel strategies for reducing risk from chemical and biological contaminants.
Conveners: Stephen E.Silliman, Department of Civil Engineering,
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA, Tel.: +1-219-631-5846,
Fax: +1-219-631-9236, E-mail: silliman@thiem.ce.nd.edu; and Nina D. Rosenberg,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-206, Livermore, CA 94551 USA,
Tel.: +1-510-424-5212, E-mail: nina@s11.es.llnl.gov
H08 The Isotope Signature of the Groundwater Recharge
(Joint with B, GS)
The stable isotope composition of groundwater is being widely used
to characterize among others, the geographic location of the recharge zones,
the seasonality of the recharge process and the contribution of surface
waters to the groundwater. Such characterisations are commonly based on
very simplified assumptions regarding the change of the isotopic composition
of the groundwater relative to that of the precipitation input (termed
the Isotope Transfer Function {ITF} of the recharge process), which neglect
the eco-hydrological feedbacks. This special session invites papers that
address field experience in applying stable isotopes to the description
of recharge processes under a variety of settings, attempts to model the
ITF and applications that would enable a reliable paleo-climatic interpretation
of the isotopic composition of old groundwaters.
Conveners: Klaus-Peter Siler, GSF Institute of Hydrology, Ingolstädter
Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany, Tel.: +49 (0)89 3187-2585,
Fax: +49 (0)89 3187-3361, E-mail: seiler@gsf.de; and Joel Gat, Ben-Gurion
University, Center for Water Science and Technology, Sede Boker Campus,
84990, Israel, Tel.: +972-7-659-6714, Fax: +972-7-659-6889, E-mail: jgat@bgumail.bgu.ac.il
H09 Groundwater Flux at the Land-Ocean Margin:
Physics, Chemistry, and Ecological Implications (Joint with B, GS, OS)
The ongoing migration of human populations to the world's coastal zones
has placed a new emphasis on a range of scientific and social issues related
to the interaction between groundwater and surface water and between freshwater
and saltwater at the margin between land and ocean. This session
focuses on studies that constrain the amount, location, or degree of spatial
and temporal variability of groundwater flux into estuaries, bays, and
the coastal ocean through direct measurements (e.g., seepage and flux meters),
geophysical surveys, geochemical (e.g., nutrient, radiotracer) analyses,
or remote sensing (e.g., thermal infrared surveys). Studies
that link freshwater-saltwater interactions at the land-ocean margin to
ecological conditions are also welcome, as are the new generation of modeling
studies that emphasize flow and transport processes near the land-ocean
margin.
Conveners: C. Ruppel, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences,
Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332-0340 USA, Tel.: +1-404 894-0231,
Email: cdr@piedmont.eas.gatech.edu; and S. Joye, Department of Marine Sciences,
University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA, Tel.: +1-706 542-5893, Email:
mjoye@arches.uga.edu
H10 Subsurface Transport of Domestic and Animal-Farm
Wastewater Pollutants from Site to Watershed Scales
Approximately 25% of all homes in the United States use individual
soil-based wastewater treatment systems (SBWTS) to dispose of and treat
household wastewater. In addition, large animal feeding operations
generate a substantial amount of wastewater pollution. Potential
subsurface pollution from wastewater contaminants (e.g., nitrogen, phosphates,
biological pathogens, organic chemicals, etc.) is important at various
scales in a watershed, including the point scale at individual homes, and
upward to the watershed scale, where wastewater pollutants from up-gradient
sources may impact the groundwater (drinking-water) supply. In addition,
wastewater sources of contaminants make a substantial contribution to the
allowable total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) in streams and rivers.
Groundwater transport and transformation of wastewater pollutants at the
watershed scale are not well understood. Predicting the biophysicochemical
processes at the watershed scale requires a thorough understanding of the
processes at the site and intermediate scales. This session will include
papers that elucidate the processes influencing transport and transformation
of wastewater pollutants from the site to watershed scales. Papers that
describe the results of laboratory, site or field scale studies, or aim
to improve modeling efforts of site- and field-scale processes, are especially
encouraged.
Conveners: John E. McCray, Department of Geology and Geological
Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401-1887 USA, Tel.:
+1-303-384-2181, Fax: +1-303-273-3859; E-mail: jmccray@mines.edu; and Robert
L. Siegrist, Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of
Mines, Golden, CO 80401-1887 USA
H11 Fundamental Physics of Vadose Zone Flow and
Transport
Conceptual models for flow and transport in the vadose zone must be
founded on a solid understanding of the underlying physical processes.
This session will focus on laboratory, field, and numerical experiments
exploring the fundamental physics of unsaturated flow and transport.
Similar investigations considering multi-phase flow are also encouraged.
Conveners: Michael Nicholl, M3GE, University of Idaho, Moscow,
ID 83844-3024 USA, Tel.: +1-208-885-9242, Fax: +1-208-885-2855, E-mail:
mnicholl@uidaho.edu; and Jerry Fairley, Geological Sciences, University
of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-3022 USA, Tel.: +1-208-885-9259, Fax: +1-208-885-5724,
e-mail: jfairley@uidaho.edu
H12 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications to
Rivers (Joint with NG)
Geomorphological and hydrological applications of computational fluid
dynamics. There is growing interest amongst geomorphologists and
other fluvial scientists in several countries in applying vertically-averaged
or full 3-D Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models to flow in rivers,
tidal channels, or over floodplains. Many such applications are technically
challenging so a session to review both the potential and the problems
is seen as timely. Papers which demonstrate novel geomorphologically-oriented
applications of CFD are encouraged, along with papers which examine technical
issues involved in setting up and testing such models, and papers concerned
with how flow modelling can be used to help predict sediment transport.
Conveners: Rob Ferguson, Department of Geography, Sheffield
University, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK, Tel.: +44 114 222 7907, E-mail: r.ferguson@shef.ac.uk;
and David Furbish, Department of Geological Sciences, Florida State University,
Tallahassee, FL 32306-4100 USA, Tel.: +1-850-644-5892, Fax: +1-850-644-4214,
E-mail: furbish@gly.fsu.edu
H13 Large Woody Debris and the Geomorphology, Hydrology
and Ecology of Fluvial Systems
Research has shown that large woody debris can significantly affect
the structure and function of rivers and streams. In light of increasing
awareness regarding the influence of large woody debris, new issues are
emerging regarding its management in streams and rivers. However,
research and management of large woody debris both occur in diverse settings.
To address this heterogeneity, this session endeavors to bring together
researchers studying large woody debris in a variety of systems that vary
based on degree of human impact, scale, gradient, and geographic location.
In particular, abstracts are solicited on the role of large woody debris
in the geomorphology, hydrology and ecology of fluvial systems.
Conveners: Melinda D. Newell, Department of Geography, University
of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA, Tel: +1-217-333-1880, Fax: +1-217-244-1785,
E-mail: mdnewell@uiuc.edu; and Gordon Grant, USFS Pacific Northwest Forest
and Range Research Station, 280 Forestry Sciences Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331
USA, Tel: +1-541-750-7328, Fax: +1-541-737-1200, E-mail: Gordon.Grant@orst.edu
H14 Geomorphology (POSTER ONLY) (Joint with NG)
Diverse approaches are required to understand the processes of erosion,
transport, and deposition of sediment and solutes, and to predict their
influence on short- and long-term landscape changes. In this session
we solicit poster presentations on geomorphic processes, particularly the
influence of wind, water, and ice on the land surface; the behavior of
soil, rock, and ice under applied stresses; and the rates of landscape
development and the ages of surfaces. We welcome contributions from
field or lab experiments, modeling, field monitoring, application of cosmogenic
radionuclides, and development of new techniques. Please send one
copy of your abstract to AGU and one copy directly to both of the conveners.
Conveners: Arjun M. Heimsath, Dartmouth College, Department
of Earth Sciences, 6105 Fairchild Hall, Hanover, NH 03755-3571 USA, Tel.:
+1-603-646-2374, Fax: +1-603-646-3922, E-mail: Arjun.Heimsath@Dartmouth.edu;
and Kelin X. Whipple, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Rm 54-1016, Cambridge, MA 02139
USA, Tel.: +1-617-253-2578, Fax: +1-617-252-1800, E-mail: kxw@mit.edu
H15 Recent Advances in Forested Catchment Intercomparison (POSTER
ONLY)
Comparison of results among forested headwater catchment studies is
complicated by differences in climate, geomorphology, geology, and spatial
scale, yet such comparisons are critical to determine general patterns
and hence to elucidate processes controlling streamflow generation and
water quality genesis. Posters are solicited that either explicitly compare
results among catchments or state general principles that can be tested
across catchments. Appropriate topics include hydrologic, biogeochemical
and geomorphic processes in headwater catchments, and recent advances in
instrumentation, tracer, and modeling techniques. The poster session
will be followed by roundtable discussion of themes emerging from posters.
Conveners: Richard P. Hooper, U.S. Geological Survey, 10 Bearfoot
Road, Northborough, MA 01532 USA, Tel: +1 508-490-5065, Fax: +1 508-409-5068,
E-mail: rphooper@usgs.gov; and Maki Tsujimura, Institute of Geosciences,
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibarki 305-8571, Japan, Tel: +81-298-53-2568,
Fax: +81-298-51-9764, E-mail: mktsuji@atm.geo.tsukuba.ac.jp
H16 Recent Advances in Forested Catchment Intercomparison (MODERATED
DISCUSSION)
As a follow-up to the poster session, a discussion session will be
held in lieu of an oral session. Discussants will be used to encourage
audience participation and to facilitate interaction among participants.
Themes to be discussed include processes controlling streamflow generation
and water quality across a range of spatial scales, the feasibility of
a "standard" catchment characterization to aid in catchmnet intercomparison,
and topics that emerge from the posters. Discussants will be Maki Tsujimura
and Yuichi Onda (Univ. of Tsukuba), Nobu Ohte (Univ. of Kyoto), Jeff McDonnell
(Oregon State University) and Rick Hooper (USGS).
H17 Interrelationships Between Atmospheric Deposition
and Landscape Features of Forest Catchments in Regulating Surface Water
Biogeochemistry (Joint with B)
Forest watersheds in the USA and Canada have been studied with particular
emphasis on evaluating the effects of atmospheric deposition on surface
water quality. Landscape features including uplands, wetlands and
lakes have a major influence on water flow paths and biogeochemical transformations
of atmospheric inputs. Differences in forest vegetation including
the stage of maturation and species composition have also been shown to
influence biogeochemical processes within forests. These differences
in landscape attributes combined with patterns of atmospheric deposition
contribute to strong temporal and spatial variation in surface water chemistry
within and among regions. This session will address similarities and differences
in surface water chemistry of intensively studied forest watersheds.
Particular focus will be given to studies that have included synoptic,
site-intensive, and experimental investigations. Results from these
studies provide a template for a comprehensive evaluation of the interrelationships
between hydrology and biogeochemistry in affecting surface water chemistry.
Conveners: Myron J. Mitchell, SUNY-ESF, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse,
NY 13210-2788 USA, Tel: +1-315-470-6765, Fax: +1-315-470-6996, E-mail:
mitchell@mailbox.syr.edu; Charles T. Driscoll, Syracuse University, Syracuse,
NY 13244 USA, Tel: +1-315-443-3434, Fax: +1-315-443-1243, E-mail: ctdrisco@mailbox.syr.edu
H18 Isotope Tracers as Process Monitors in Hydrologic
Systems: Can They Be Trusted? (Joint with B, GS)
Determining the important biotic and abiotic chemical processes in
hydrologic systems is essential to our ability to assess both trends in
water quality and the effectiveness of remediation efforts. Isotope
tracers are commonly used as process monitors in hydrologic systems, but
can provide ambiguous information. For example, stable isotope variations
resulting from abiotic processes may be similar in magnitude to those resulting
from biologic activity, and thus the isotope compositions considered alone
may not provide a robust "biosignature". The purpose of this session
is to explore the effectiveness of both stable and radiogenic isotope tracers
as monitors of both biotic and abiotic processes. We particularly
encourage abstracts that discuss water quality studies in which application
of a "multi-tracer" approach has provided an especially rigorous assessment.
Conveners: Thomas Bullen, U.S. Geological Survey, MS 420, 345
Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025USA, Tel: +1-650-329-4577, Fax +1-650-329-4538,
E-mail: tdbullen@usgs.gov; and Thomas Johnson, University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA, Tel: +1-217-244-2002, Fax: +1-217-244-4996,
E-mail: tmjohnsn@uiuc.edu
H19 Human Impacts on Nitrogen Cycling at Regional
Scales: Science and Policy (Joint with B)
Globally, the cycling of nitrogen (N) is changing more rapidly than
that of any other element cycle, with significant environmental consequences.
We seek presentations focusing on N transport and transformations at the
scale of large catchments or regions. Topics include all components
of regional nitrogen budgets: pollution of surface waters and groundwater;
atmospheric deposition of nitrogenous compounds and its effects; agricultural
N transfers (e.g. production and consumption of food & feed); estimates
of N processing (e.g., fixation in forests or crop lands, denitrification
& other sinks); water quality standards (e.g., critical loads, nutrient
criteria); source identification (e.g., nitrogen-oxygen multi-isotope approaches);
assessments (e.g., concentrations and fluxes, consequences of N pollution,
risk, and future impacts); and policy developments.
Conveners: Robert W. Howarth, Environmental Defense, 6 North
Market Bldg., Faneuil Hall Marketplace, Boston, MA 02109 USA, Tel: +1-607-255-6175,
Fax: +1-607-254-4271, E-mail: bhowarth@environmentaldefense.org; and Elizabeth
W. Boyer, SUNY-ESF, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA, Tel: +1-315-470-4818,
Fax: +1-315-470-6956, E-mail: ewboyer@syr.edu; and Alan R. Townsend, Department
of EPO-Biology, Campus Box 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
USA, Tel: +1-303-492-6865, Fax: +1-303-492-6388, E-mail: alan.townsend@colorado.edu;
and Douglas A. Burns, Watersheds Research Section, U.S. Geological Survey,
425 Jordan Road, Troy, New York 12180-8349 USA, Tel: +1-518-285-5662, Fax:
+1-518-285-5601, E-mail: daburns@usgs.gov
H20 Arsenic and Other Toxic Metals in Natural Waters
(Joint with GS)
Dissolved trace metals and metalloids in natural waters, particularly
those that are known to be toxic and hazardous to human health, are of
great concern to regulatory and statutory agencies. For example, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency has recently proposed lowering the arsenic
MCL from 50 ppb to 5 ppb. Many studies link elevated levels of arsenic
and other toxic metals to natural processes and/or to anthropogenic activities,
though exact sources, transport pathways, and fate often remain insufficiently
understood. This is due in part to limitations in our understanding of
the geochemical conditions that mobilize contaminant metals, and analytical
criteria for delineating natural and anthropogenic origins. This session
solicits contributions on all aspects of arsenic and other toxic metal
hydrogeochemistry in natural waters. In particular we encourage contributions
that 1) explore modeling and correlations between metals for source identification,
transport and fate, and 2) build on the existing geochemical database relevant
to contaminant mobilization.
Conveners: Rudolph Hon, Department of Geology and Geophysics,
Boston College, Devlin Hall 315, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA, Tel: +1-617-552-3656,
Fax: +1-617-552-2462, E-mail: hon@bc.edu; and Carol Stein and Dave McTigue,
Gannett Fleming, Inc., Braintree, MA 02184 USA, Tel: +1-603-878-4056, E-mail:
mctigue@top.monad.net; and Robert Ford, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Risk Management Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820
USA, Tel: +1-580-436-8872, Fax: +1-580-436-8703, E-mail: Ford.Robert@epamail.epa.gov
H21 Water Quality of Natural Systems (POSTER ONLY)
The quality of natural waters is determined by the complex interactions
of biogeochemistry and hydrology. Poster presentations are
invited on all aspects of water quality, ranging from field and laboratory
studies to modeling approaches and theoretical work. Possible topics
include behavior of contaminants and naturally occurring solutes, interaction
of hydrology and water quality, geochemical reactions and processes, and
novel techniques of analysis or investigation. These studies could
be conducted at any spatial or temporal scale, and address issues related
to groundwater or surface water.
Conveners: Annett B. Sullivan, Environmental Sciences Division,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
USA, Tel: +1-865-574-6367, Fax: +1-865-576-8543, E-mail: 4as@ornl.gov;
and James Bowen, Department of Civil Engineering, University of North Carolina,
Charlotte, NC 28223 USA, Tel: +1-704-687-3130, Fax: +1-704-687-6953, E-mail:
jdbowen@uncc.edu
H22 Assessing Water Quality in Regional Drainage Basins and
Aquifer Systems (Joint with B)
Reliable assessments of water quality in regional drainage basins and
aquifer systems are important to water management. Regional water
quality assessments present several challenges, such as separating anthropogenic
influences on water quality from the natural variability present in large-scale
systems, designing economically feasible sampling strategies to characterize
the spatial and temporal variability in water quality, and synthesizing
results for use in land and water management to improve water quality.
In addition, assessments are often complicated because many water contamination
issues span multiple scales of jurisdiction, such as municipalities, counties,
States or Provinces. This session will bring together researchers
who have designed regional assessments of water quality or analyzed large
databases of chemical, hydrologic, or biological data. Investigators
who have synthesized regional water-quality data for management purposes
are particularly encouraged to participate.
Conveners: Kevin F. Dennehy, U.S. Geological Survey, DFC, Bldg.
53, MS 415, Denver, Colorado 80225 USA; Tel: +1-303-236-4882; Fax: +1-303-236-4912;
E-mail: kdennehy@usgs.gov; and Jeffrey D. Stoner, U.S. Geological Survey,
DFC, Bldg. 53, MS 415, Denver, Colorado 80225 USA; Tel: +1-303-236-2101,
Fax: +1-303-236-4912, E-mail: stoner@usgs.gov; and William D. Gummer, Environment
Canada, Suite 200, 4999-98 Ave., Edmonton, Alberta T6B 2X3 Canada, Tel:
+1-780-951-8912, E-mail: Bill.Gummer@ec.gc.ca
H23 Science and Water Resource Issues: Challenges and Opportunities
Over the past decade there has been an increasing awareness within
the hydrologic sciences community of the need to ensure that its scientific
advances are used in the service of society. This need has been reinforced
by the policy community and politicians who increasingly expect greater
socio-economic benefits from their investment in science. Nowhere
are the needs and expectations greater for science than they are in the
field of water. Water is a growing issue, nationally and internationally,
and, unless a crisis is averted, it will become a major environmental issue
for the 21st century. Over the past five years, the hydrological
and meteorological sciences have made great advances in land surface hydrology,
and in providing knowledge, techniques and prediction capabilities that
are particularly useful in water resource applications. This session
is intended to be a step in improving the dialogue between the water sciences
community and the water resource community to determine how water research
can more effectively meet the needs of water managers and policy makers.
Papers are invited that deal with the use of scientific information in
making decisions to aid in managing water resources or developing policies
related to water management. Papers that demonstrate the successful
application of hydrologic sciences to issues of water management in sectors
such as navigation, fisheries, agriculture, transportation, energy, recreation,
forestry and ecology are invited. In addition, papers that deal with
extremes in water availability (e.g., floods and droughts) are also welcome.
Papers that review the areas of water science that need to be strengthened
to better address the needs of the public are also invited.
Conveners: Rick Lawford, NOAA Office of Global Programs, 1100
Wayne Ave., Suite 1225, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA, Tel.: +1-301-427-2089,
ext. 40, Fax: +1-301-427-2222, E-mail: lawford@ogp.noaa.gov; and Holly
Hartmann, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ 85721 USA, Tel.: +1-520-621-5082, Fax: +1-520-626-2488, E-mail:
hollyh@hwr.arizona.edu
H24 Observations and Modeling of Precipitation (POSTER ONLY)
This special session will cover a broad range of topics related to
precipitation measurement and modeling. The session will consist
entirely of poster presentations. Papers are solicited on the estimation,
validation, and error/uncertainty assessment of precipitation measured
by ground-based remote sensors such as radar (e.g., NEXRAD WSR-88D), and
airborne and satellite sensors (e.g., VIS, IR, SSM/I, TRMM). Analyses
of ground-based sensors relevant for validation (e.g., raingauge, drop
spectra devices, microwave links) are welcome as well. Research on
statistical approaches, scaling theories, and mesoscale numerical modeling
of precipitation processes are encouraged. The session will also
highlight operational applications involving precipitation estimation.
Presentations related to research programs such as the GEWEX Continental
Scale International Project (GCIP), the TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Experiment
(COARE), the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and related recent
field experiments, the Pan American Climate Studies (PACS), and the Mesoscale
Alpine Program (MAP) are particularly encouraged.
Convener: Allen Bradley, University of Iowa, Iowa Institute
of Hydraulic Research, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA, Tel: +1-319-335-6117, Fax:
+1-319-335-5238, E-mail: allen-bradley@uiowa.edu
H25 Reliability and Uncertainty Analyses in Environmental Modeling
In the environmental decision-making process relying on mathematical
modeling predictions, it is essential to account for modeling uncertainties.
More often than not, these uncertainties - which are a combination of our
incomplete understanding of the modeled systems, inadequate measurements
of model parameters and input variables - lead us to a point where standard
model calibration and validation need to be revisited. In the context of
selecting a specific course of actions among alternatives, these uncertainties
represent a major hurdle to the operational use of environmental models.
The need to evaluate the uncertainties associated with environmental modeling
has been recognized for a while and, thus, several reliability and uncertainty
analysis approaches have been developed to assess model predictions. Abstracts
are solicited on recent reliability and uncertainty analysis studies applied
to environmental modeling. Special attention will be paid to those
studies that focus on: (i) the performance of various reliability and uncertainty
analysis approaches, (ii) the development of innovative reliability and
uncertainty analysis approaches, and (iii) the implementation of reliability
and uncertainty analysis into the environmental decision-making process.
The expected outcome of this session is to bring up to date recent developments
in the field of reliability-based assessment of model predictions to improve
the environmental decision-making process.
Conveners: Alain Mailhot, Universite du Quebec, INRS-Eau, 2800
rue Einstein, Suite 105, C. P. 7500, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4C7,
Tel.: +1-418-654-3821, Fax: +1-418-654-2600, E-mail: Alain_Mailhot@inrs-eau.uquebec.ca
; and Alain N. Rousseau, Universite du Quebec, INRS-Eau, 2800 rue Einstein,
Suite 105, C. P. 7500, Ste. Foy, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4C7, Tel.: +1-418-654-2621,
Fax: +1-418-654-2600, E-mail: Alain_Rousseau@inrs-eau.uquebec.ca
H26 Lumped Versus Distributed Modeling: Issues
in Real World Applications (Joint with NG)
Distributed hydrologic models have been in existence for many years.
In spite of this and the abundance of spatial data sets to support distributed
modeling, research is only now emerging that compares distributed modeling
results to those from simpler lumped models. Distributed models are
clearly beneficial for land use change analysis and the prediction of basin
interior processes. However, the hypothesis that high resolution
data sets and distributed approaches will produce more accurate basin outlet
simulations than simpler lumped models requires further evaluation.
It is also unclear which basin attributes are responsible for gains realized
by distributed modeling: basin shape, channel network definition, variability
of precipitation and soils, rainfall-runoff mechanism (Hortonian vs. Saturation
Excess) and others may individually or in combination play a role. It is
hoped that this session will also be used to present intermediate results
from the NWS Distributed Model Intercomparison Project (DMIP). This
project is formulated as the first broad comparison of distributed and
lumped modeling approaches. The results of DMIP will be used to guide
NWS research on distributed models for operational river and flash flood
forecasting. Papers comparing distributed and lumped approaches are encouraged.
Also welcome are papers identifying basin characteristics or runoff mechanisms
that facilitate gains by distributed models.
Conveners: Michael Smith, National Weather Service W/OHD, 1325
East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910-3283 USA, Tel.: +1-301-713-0640
x128, Fax: +1-301-713-0963; E-mail: Michael.Smith@noaa.gov; and Doug Boyle,
Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio
Parkway, Reno, NV 89512 USA, Tel.: +1-775-673-7441, Fax: +1-775-673-7363;
E-mail: dboyle@dri.edu
H27 Watershed-Atmosphere-Ecosystem Coupling: Prospects,
Approaches and Experience (Joint with B)
The dynamics of watershed soil moisture patterns, hydrologic flowpaths
and land cover are understood to have an important influence on the exchange
of water, carbon and nutrients between the land surface and atmosphere
and on the coupling of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. These processes
are pertinent to a set of significant environmental problems including
the occurrence of large floods, drought, non-point source pollution, soil
erosion and the stability of ecosystem structure and function. Each
of these occur within the context of human and institutional feedbacks
with the natural system, and are seen to require an integrative, multi-disciplinary
approach, both to foster scientific understanding of system behavior and
to develop a decision-making framework for resource and environmental management.
Difficulties in developing such an approach include significant differences
in dominant space and time scales of the components, potential gaps in
the understanding of basic processes, and substantial uncertainty in environmental
data sets required for analytical and modeling purposes. Despite
these limitations, a number of recent projects have developed a diverse
set of methods for integrating data sets and analytical tools to capture
the important feedbacks between hydrologic, atmospheric and ecosystem processes,
typically geared towards a specific environmental problem. We invite papers
that address the interactions of watershed soil moisture patterns and flowpath
dynamics with land-atmosphere exchange and the watershed cycling and export
of water, carbon and nutrients. Presentations can include analytical
and modeling frameworks, consideration of uncertainty due to gaps in process
understanding and required data quality, and the prospects and barriers
to developing and operationalizing these frameworks as tools for watershed
management.
Conveners: Lawrence Band, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, NC, Tel.: +1-919-962-3921; E-mail: lband@email.unc.edu; and Alice
Gilliland, NOAA-EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, Tel.: +1-919-541-0347,
Email: gilliland.alice@epa.gov
H28 Watershed Processes and Receiving Water Quality
Urbanization pressures are changing land use patterns in watersheds
of surface reservoirs supplying drinking water to many communities. What
are the hydrologic and water quality effects of the land use changes? How
do land use changes effect trihalomethane formation potential? Pathogen
transport to the reservoir? What hydrologic pathways are changed, and to
what extent? Can the changes in hydrology be used as a rational design
basis for best management practices on the watershed? This session will
focus on linkages between terrestrial processes and water quality, with
particular emphasis on issues of drinking water quality. Work that investigates
the hydrology of urbanizing systems is strongly encouraged. Submissions
could include both field-based and model studies. Policy studies relating
land uses and water quality should be of particular interest in this session.
The session should appeal to hydrologists, water resources engineers, landscape
architects and policy makers with an interest in the hydrology of anthropogenically
disturbed systems.
Convener: James M. Hassett, Faculty of Environmental Resources
and Forest Engineering, 312 Bray Hall, State University of New York College
of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA, Tel: +1-315-470-6637,
Fax: +1-315-470-6958, E-mail: jhassett@esf.edu
H29 Smart Growth: Impacts on Urban Hydrology and
the Protection of Natural Resources (Joint with B)
The spirit of the Smart Growth philosophy is to steer future development
with an eye towards optimizing existing resources and halting urban sprawl.
Optimization strategies may vary from preserving open space, to minimizing
commute distances, to maximizing the use of existing infrastructure.
Since the specific quantity being optimized may vary, there are many possible
outcomes to the application of smart growth concepts in a particular region.
Many questions arise: How does smart growth intersect with hydrology?
In planning future development, what hydrologic objectives should be optimized?
From the standpoint of the health of stream and watershed ecosystems, what
development patterns are optimal? How do we measure hydrologic impacts
in a way that can be used to genuinely assess the relative merits of several
differing future growth patterns or scenarios? How do we assert that
smart growth is, in fact, smart?
This session welcomes papers offering a broad range of perspectives
reflecting the complex and multi-disciplinary nature of this issue.
Policy pieces, theoretical research, papers highlighting new methods or
approaches, and case studies are all welcome.
Convener: Glenn Moglen, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Room 1161 - Martin Hall, University of Maryland, College Park,
MD 20742 USA, Tel.: +1-301-405-1964, Fax: +1-301-405-2585, E-mail: moglen@eng.umd.edu
H30 Remote Sensing, Land Surface Hydrology and Field Experiments
Recent advances in ground, aircraft and satellite remote sensing techniques
have provided hydrologists with new and unique views of land surface hydrological
processes. This session seeks to present recent results of experiments
in land surface hydrology that incorporate remote sensing. Satellite
data can be utilized by land surface hydrological models as input and/or
validation and/or assimilation. The hydrological processes include
(but are not limited to) soil moisture, surface temperature, evapotranspiration,
runoff, and stream flow. Papers dealing with retrieval algorithms
for aircraft and satellites, field experimentation, and small to global
scale hydrologic modeling are solicited. Papers can examine comparison
of aircraft and satellite retrieved variables with (a) measurements at
the ground surface; or (b) output from land models; or (c) measurements
from other satellite/aircraft sensors of the same variables.
Conveners: Venkat Lakshmi, Department of Geological Sciences,
University of South Carolina, Columbia SC 29208 USA, Tel.: +1-803-777-3552,
Fax: +1-803-777-6610, E-mail: vlakshmi@geol.sc.edu; and Thomas J. Jackson,
USDA ARS Hydrology Lab, 104 Bldg 007 BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA,
Tel.: +1-301-504-8511, Fax: +1-301-504-8931, E-mail: tjackson@hydrolab.arsusda.gov
H31 Advances in Land Data Assimilation Systems
Assimilation of remotely sensed land surface observations into regional
to global scale numerical models have the potential to significantly advance
our ability to assess, understand, and predict surface water, energy, and
carbon cycles. This session seeks to assess the state-of-the-art
in data assimilation methods for integrating land surface remote sensing
and modeling, with a focus on practical applications and techniques.
Assimilated land surface variables of interest include (but are not limited
to) soil moisture, surface temperature, snowpack, streamflow, vegetation
dynamics, and carbon storage. Contributions describing the development
of practical land surface data assimilation methods, multivariate land
surface data assimilation strategies, evaluation of the required accuracy
and resolution of remote sensing observations, the effects of scale, process
complexity, and uncertainty on data assimilation, and the optimal treatment
of model and observation errors are encouraged.
Conveners: Paul Houser, Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA-GSFC
Code 974,Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel.: +1-301-614-5772, Fax: +1-301-614-5808,
E-mail: Paul.Houser@gsfc.nasa.gov; and Jeff Walker, Hydrological Sciences
Branch, NASA-GSFC Code 974,Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-614-5804,
Fax: +1-301-614-5808, E-mail: cejpw@land.gsfc.nasa.gov
H32 Is the Global Water Cycle Intensifying?
The cycling of water in its three physical states is at the heart of
Global Change processes, strongly controls energy budgets and fluxes, and
drives the ocean thermohaline circulation as well as land surface hydrology.
Furthermore, the most significant manifestations of climate change for
humans and the environment are changes in the global water cycle, the distribution
of precipitation, the intensity and paths of weather systems, flooding
events, and droughts. The session seeks contributions that shed light on
the existence of long-term trends in the components of the global water
cycle, the extent to which large-scale changes in mean climate can be linked
to significant changes in the distribution and intensity of weather systems
and precipitation, and observed or predicted impacts on the recharge of
water reservoirs.
Conveners: Pierre Morel, Goddard Earth Science and Technology
Institute (GEST), University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop
Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA, Tel: +1-410-455-8808, Fax: +1-410+455-8899,
E-mail: morel@umbc.edu; and Mike Jasinski, NASA Headquarters, Washington,
DC, 20546-0001 USA, Tel: +1-202-358-1847, E-mail: mjasinsk@mail.hq.nasa.gov
Hydrology presents jointly with the following Special Sessions:
A01 Earth Science Applications of Reflected and Refracted
GPS Transmissions (Joint with G, GP, H, SA)
A03 Transient Tracers in Geophysical Flows (Joint
with B, H, OS)
A07 Calibration of Meteorological Satellite Sensors
and Validation of Derived Products (Joint with B, H, OS)
B03 Biogeochemistry of Land Use Change (Joint
with GS, H, PA)
B04 Land Cover and Land Use Change: Implications
for Resource Management (Joint with H, PA)
B05 Remote Sensing to Address the Needs of Local
Communities (Joint with G, H, PA)
B07 Isotopes in Biogeochemistry and Global Change
(Joint with A, GS, H, OS)
B09 Mercury in the Environment (Joint with A, GS,
H, PA)
B10 Sedimentation in Coastal Marshes (Joint with
H, OS)
B11 Linkages Between Biogeochemical and Hydrogeologic
Processes in Shallow Ground-Water Systems of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal
Plains (Joint with H, PA)
B12 Eco-hydrological Dynamics of Water Controlled
Ecosystems (Joint with H, NG)
B14 Land-Atmosphere Interactions (Joint with A, H,
NG)
GP01 Mapping Aquifers, Oceans, and Planetary Bodies
with Passive and Active EM Methods (Joint with H, OS, P)
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with A, B, H, P, S, T)
OS04 Ice Cores: Paleoclimates, Glaciology, and Environmental
Change (Joint with A, H)
T02 Dynamics of Gas Hydrate Reservoirs and Similar
Shallow Marine Flow Systems (Joint with B, GS, H, OS)
V01 Continental Weathering and Ocean Chemistry (Joint
with H, OS, GS)
NG02 Integrating and Applying Models, Simulations,
and Data to the Forecasting of Nonlinear Geophysical Systems (Joint with
H, T)
Mineralogical Society of America
M01 Equation of State and Elasticity of Earth Materials
(Joint with MR, SEDI, T, V)
The physical state of Earth's interior is controlled by the properties
of the constituent materials and their chemical interactions. Understanding
the physical properties of these constituent materials at the pressure
and temperature conditions of the Earth's interior has long been the greatest
effort in the mineral physics community. Over the past decade, technical
advances in various experimental methods, including X-ray diffraction,
vibrational spectroscopy, opto-acoustic techniques, shock wave experiments,
and inelastic scattering at different pressure and temperature regimes,
as well as the new synchrotron facilities, have brought a revolution in
the equation of state and elasticity studies. An alternative to direct
measurement is made by computational techniques based on empirical information
or the quantum theory of matter, providing valuable insights and complimentary
results to experimental data. This session will focus on the recent
results of the physical properties of the Earth materials from both laboratory
and theoretical calculations, aiming for a better understanding of the
state of the Earth's interior.
Conveners: Jennifer Kung, State University of New York, Department
of Geosciences, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA, E-mail: jkung@notes.cc.sunysb.edu;
and Jianzhong Zhang, State University of New York, Mineral Physics Institute,
Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA, E-mail: zhang@sbmp04.ess.sunysb.edu
M02 Characterizing Organic and Inorganic Hydrothermal
Systems (Joint with V, GS)
The development and application of new experimental procedures, supplemented
by rigorous theoretical modeling, have recently provided new insights into
several key organic and inorganic hydrothermal systems. Direct observations
of experiments at extreme conditions reveal valuable and unique information
for these systems including metastable and non-quenchable phases. While
spectroscopic methods enable monitoring phase-equilibria, kinetics and
reaction pathways, in-situ X-ray analysis of these products make the characterization
of the structure as well as interpretation of the nature of inter-molecular
interactions possible. Increasing numbers of such experimental results
are scattered amongst different disciplines such as molecular physics,
physical chemistry, organic geochemistry and high-pressure crystallography.
The goal of this session is to bring together diverse techniques and results
to help better understand observed phenomena. Studies addressing a wide
variety of questions in organic and inorganic hydrothermal systems including
structure, phase-equilibria, mineral-fluid interactions and reaction kinetic
in chemical and biochemical systems are invited to contribute to this special
session. In addition to invited presentations, contributed papers are solicited
discussing organic reactions, supercritical fluid behavior, catalytic reaction
networks at high pressure and temperature, in-situ molecular spectroscopy
and crystallography.
Conveners: Anurag Sharma, Carnegie Institution of Washington,
Geophysical Laboratory, 5251 Broad Branch Rd., NW, Washington, DC 20015
USA, Tel: +1-202-478-8957, Fax: +1-202-478-8901, E-mail: sharma@gl.ciw.edu;
and Przemyslaw Dera, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Geophysical Laboratory
5251 Broad Branch Rd., NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA, Tel: +1-202-478-8989,
Fax: +1-202-478-8901, E-mail: pdera@gl.ciw.edu
M03 Spectroscopy of Minerals and Other Planetary
Phases (Joint with MR, T)
The addition of spectroscopy to the toolbox of available techniques
for studying Earth and planetary materials has given us the ability to
constrain physical properties and to do a variety of tasks in new ways.
For example, vibrational spectra collected over a wide pressure and/or
temperature range yield important information about thermodynamic properties,
phase transitions and/or kinetics that cannot be obtained by other techniques
as easily or as accurately. Constraints on the crystal chemistry
and phase identification of mineral and other phases can now be obtained
using different microspectroscopy techniques, many of which were developed
over the last twenty years. It has been approximately a decade since
we last gathered workers in this field together to share their latest developments
in this area. We would like to invite contributions in all areas
of spectroscopy on Earth and planetary materials, particularly emphasizing
new developments and uses over the last decade.
Conveners: Anastasia Chopelas, University of Nevada, Department
of Physics, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454002, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4002
USA, Tel: +1-702-895-1703, Fax: +1-702-895-0804, E-mail: chope-las@physics.unlv.edu;
and Monika Koch-Mueller, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Geophysical
Laboratory and CHiPR, 5251 Broad Branch Rd., NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305
USA, Tel: +1-202-478-8931, Fax: +1-202-478-8901, E-mail: monika.koch-muller@gl.ciw.edu
Mineralogical Society of America presents jointly the following
Special Sessions:
GP03 Paleomagnetic Puzzles, Rock Magnetic Riddles
(Joint with MRP, M)
GP06 Banded Iron Formation, its Chemical and Physical
Properties and Relation to the Origin of Life (Joint with B, MR, P, V,
GS, M)
GS01 Magmatic Volatile Histories: Stable Isotopic
Tracing of Sources and Degassing Processes in Magmatic Systems and Implications
for Volcanology and Earth System Science (Joint with T, M)
S03 Integrated Models of Earth Structure and Evolution
(ONLINE-only Session) (Joint with MR, SEDI, T, M)
T03 Computational Earth Laboratories (Joint with
GP, M, MR, NG, S)
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with
A, B, H, P, S, T)
This session will be designed to attract different disciplines together
to discuss recent research on non-equilibrium thermodynamics and a variety
of dissipative phenomena in the geophysical fields. These include dissipative
properties of the atmosphere and ocean, mantle convection, production of
available potential energy and its relation to the second law of thermodynamics,
and extreme properties in the complex geophysical and extra-planetary fluids.
Dissipative structures and related fractal scaling often appeared in the
non-equilibrium systems are also of the main subject of the session. We
hope to address these issues by attracting papers on the global and local
structures of the geophysical fluids, transport properties and scaling
of turbulence, and energetics of the non-equilibrium systems.
Conveners: Kerry A. Emanuel, MIT, Center for Meteorology and
Physical Oceanography, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Tel: +1-617-253-2462, Fax:
+1-617-253-6208, E-mail: emanuel@texmex.mit.edu; and G. W. Paltridge, University
of Tasmania, Antarctic Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia,
Tel: +61 3 62262971, Fax: +61 3 62262973, E-mail: g.paltridge@utas.edu.au
OS02 High-Resolution Climate Records From Laminated
Sediments (Joint with V, GS)
Reduced sediment bioturbation due to low oxygen has resulted in the
preservation of particularly detailed records of past environmental change
linked to climate. With this special session, the conveners hope
to provide a representative update of the many ongoing efforts to recover
and interpret such records, both marine and lacustrine, throughout the
world. Submissions describing novel techniques that either reduce
the effort required to obtain high-resolution information from laminated
sediment or improve the dating of such records are also encouraged.
Conveners: Alexander van Geen, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory, Route 9 W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA, Tel: +1-845-365-8644,
Fax: +1-845-365-8154, E-mail: avangeen@ldeo.columbia.edu; and Larry C.
Peterson, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric
Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA, Tel: +1-305-361-4692,
Fax: +1-305-361-4632, E-mail: peterson@rsmas.miami.edu
OS03 Middle to Late Miocene Perturbations of the Earth's Ocean and
Climate Systems: An Integrated Approach
The Middle and late Miocene is a time of transitions in global climate,
including a Mid-Miocene Climate Optimum followed by expansion of the East
Antarctic and West Antarctic, and small northern-hemisphere ice sheets,
sea-level fluctuations, and cooling of deep and intermediate water masses.
The ocean carbonate system illustrated so-called "crash" intervals when
the carbonate sediments were poorly preserved, as well as intervals referred
to as "biogenic blooms or bursts”. Moreover, the modern pattern of
deepwater formation became firmly established. This session will
bring together a broad range of earth scientists focusing on (1) the expansion
and establishment of ice sheets in Antarctica and in the northern hemisphere,
(2) the high resolution benthic and planktic oxygen and carbon isotope
records, (3) the sequence stratigraphy framework along carbonate and siliciclastic
margins, (4) the carbonate “crash” or “crashes”, (5) the biogenic “blooms
and bursts”, (6) the global surface, deep and intermediate ocean circulation,
and (7) the continental climate changes associated with some major vegetation
modifications. Through integrated discussion we seek to better understand
the timing, amplitudes, causes, and effects of the observed Earth ocean
and climate perturbations during the middle and late Miocene.
Conveners: Andre W. Droxler, Rice University, Department of
Geology and Geophysics MS 126, PO Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892 USA,
Tel: +1-713-348-4885, Fax: +1-713-348-5214, E-mail: andre@rice.edu; and
Liselotte Diester-Haass, Universitat des Saarlandes, Zentrum fur Umweltforschung,
Saarbrucken, 66041 Germany, Fax: ++6841-171774, E-mail: A.L.Haass@t-online.de;
and James Wright, Rutgers University, Department of Geology Wright Chemistry
Building, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA, Tel: +1-732-445-5722, Fax: +1-732-445-3374,
E-mail: JDWRIGHT@RCI.RUTGERS.EDU; and John Anderson, Rice University, Department
of Geology and Geophysics MS 126, PO Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892 USA,
Tel: +1-713-348-4884, Fax: +1-713-348-5214, E-mail: johna@rice.edu
OS04 Ice Cores: Paleoclimates, Glaciology, and
Environmental Change (Joint with A, H)
This session builds on previous annual sessions at Spring AGU, which
have emphasized ice core projects in Greenland, Antarctica, and low-latitude
ice caps. This years' session will highlight U.S. ITASE spacial survey
of West Antactica, from the Siple Dome deep core, and from the Program
for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment based on ice cores in Greenland.
We also strongly encourage submissions from other ice-core and ice-core
related projects.
Conveners: Christopher A. Shuman, University of Maryland, Earth
System Science Interdisciplinary Center, Oceans and Ice Branch 2104 Computer
and Space Sciences Building, Room A215, Building 33, College Park, MD 20742-2465
USA, Tel: +1-301-405-8291, Fax: +1-301-405-8468; and Eric Steig, University
of Pennsylvania, USA, E-mail: steig@geophys.washington.edu; and James White,
University of Colorado, USA, E-mail: james.white@colorado.edu; and Paul
Mayewski, University of New Hampshire, USA, E-mail: paul.mayewski@maine.edu
OS05 Storm Effects, Sedimentation and Depositional Processes on the
Coast and Continental Shelf
Our understanding of past storminess as a calibration for future change
is incomplete. Knowledge of the impact of such storminess on the
coastal zone is even more indistinct. This session will concentrate
on new efforts to identify changes taking place in the magnitude, frequency
and impact of storms along the Atlantic seaboard of the European Union,
Gulf and Atlantic coasts of the U.S. and Canada. Papers presented
will examine changes over the last 2,000 years to present in addition to
the hydrodynamic and sedimentary processes associated with high-energy
events. Such a timescale necessitates a strongly interdisciplinary
approach, combining techniques from geology, geomorphology, biogeography,
history and meteorology as well as employing a range of statistical and
computational techniques. A goal of this research is to determine
trends and develop models of storm behavior, and to outline a framework
for the management of environmentally sensitive coastal areas in the light
of changing storminess incidence, magnitude and impact.
Conveners: Gregory W. Stone, Louisiana State University, Coastal
Studies Institute, USA, Tel: +1-225-388-6188, Fax: +1-225-388-2520, E-mail:
gagreg@lsu.edu; and Julian Orford, Queens University, Northern Ireland
Ocean Sciences presents jointly the following Special Sessions:
A03 Transient Tracers in Geophysical Flows (Joint
with B, H, OS)
A07 Calibration of Meteorological Satellite Sensors
and Validation of Derived Products (Joint with B, H, OS)
A08 Research in Meteorology and Oceanography Utilizing
DoD HPC Resources (Joint with OS)
B02 Integrated Observations for the Biogeosciences
(Joint with A, NG, OS)
B07 Isotopes in Biogeochemistry and Global Change
(Joint with A, GS, H, OS)
B10 Sedimentation in Coastal Marshes (Joint with
H, OS)
GP01 Mapping Aquifers, Oceans, and Planetary Bodies
with Passive and Active EM Methods (Joint with H, OS, P)
GP08 Precise Correlation of Strata: Magnetic and
Other Methods (Joint with OS, V)
H09 Groundwater Flux at the Land-Ocean Margin: Physics,
Chemistry, and Ecological Implications (Joint with B, GS, OS)
T02 Dynamics of Gas Hydrate Reservoirs and Similar
Shallow Marine Flow Systems (Joint with B, GS, H, OS)
V01 Continental Weathering and Ocean Chemistry (Joint
with H, OS, GS)
P01 Galileo and Cassini at Jupiter: An Historic Two-Spacecraft Experiment
The Galileo and Cassini/Huygens missions will be carrying out an historic
two-spacecraft experiment at Jupiter. A relatively high level of intensity
will be reached at the end of this year when Cassini/Huygens has its closest
approach to Jupiter on December 30th. While the data from Cassini/Huygens
are returned almost immediately, the receipt of the synergistic Galileo
data on the Earth will take many weeks because of the slow Galileo communication
rate. Accordingly, looking forward by about six months, we are looking
for the presentation of results from this unique experiment.
Conveners: Torrence Johnson, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 264-570H
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA, Tel: +1-818-393-7957, Fax:
+1-818-354-0966, E-mail: Torrence.V. Johnson@jpl.nasa.gov; and Dennis Matson,
JPL, 230-205 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA, Tel: +1-818-354-2253,
Fax: +1-818-393-4495, E-mail: dmatson@jpl.nasa.gov; and Jean-Pierre Lebreton,
ESA/ESTEC, Space Science Department Mail Code SCI-SO, Postbus 299, Noordwijk,
2200 AG The Netherlands, Tel: +31 71 565-3600, Fax: +31 71 565-4697, E-mail:
jlebreto@estec.esa.nl
P02 New Views of the Moon (ORAL) (Joint with V,
GS)
Recent spacecraft missions are refining our view of Earth's nearest
neighbor. The Lunar Prospector and Clementine spacecraft returned
data that have revealed fundamental new insights into the record of the
early history of the solar system, and are stimulating new Earth-based
measurements and lab studies.
Conveners: Brad Joliff, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
USA, E-mail: blj@levee.wust1.edu; and Carlie Pieters, Brown University,
Providence, RI 02912 USA, Tel: +1-401-863-2416, E-mail: Carlie_Pieters@brown.edu
P03 Mars: New Perspectives on Processes and Evolution
Data from the Mars Global Surveyor Mission has completely changed our
perspectives on the nature of atmospheric, surface, and interior processes
and how they have interacted to produce the geological record. In
this session, papers are solicited that treat new perspectives on these
processes and the evolution of Mars. Implications for future exploration
will also be emphasized.
Conveners: James W. Head, Brown University, Department of Geological
Sciences, Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912 USA, Tel: +1-401-836-2526, Fax:
+1-401-836-3978, E-mail: James_Head_III@Brown.Edu; and James Zimbelman,
National Air and Space Museum, Center of Earth and Planetary Studies, Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, DC 20560 USA, Tel: +1-202-786-2981, E-mail: jrz@nasml.si.edu
Planetary Sciences presents jointly with the following Special
Sessions:
GP01 Mapping Aquifers, Oceans, and Planetary Bodies
with Passive and Active EM Methods (Joint with H, OS, P)
GP05 Earth and Planetary Magnetic Survey Satellites
(Joint with P)
GP06 Banded Iron Formation, its Chemical and Physical
Properties and Relation to the Origin of Life (Joint with B, MR, P, V,
GS, M)
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with A, B, H, P, S, T)
SH08 X-Ray Emission in the Solar System (Joint with
P, SA, SM)
T04 True Polar Wander on Earth, Mars and Beyond (Joint
with G, GP, P)
V02 New Views of Mars Volcanism: Extrusive, Explosive,
and Possible Influences of H2O (Joint with P)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP,
GS, MR, NG, SEDI, T)
This session addresses the study of structure, dynamics, and composition
of Earth's lower mantle at both fine and large scale, laterally and vertically.
We invite contributions from all disciplines, such as seismology, geodynamics,
mineral physics, and geomagnetics, including both observational and theoretical
approaches. Topics include: better characterization of the depth and geographic
variations in features that scatter seismic energy in the deep mantle,
and their interpretation; do ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) really exist?
If so, are they associated with extreme (-30%) variations in shear-wave
velocity? What are the thermo-chemical interpretations of these models?
What is the style, magnitude and length scale of anisotropy in the deep
mantle? What are the mineral physics and dynamical flow implications of
anisotropy at these depths? What is the large-scale structure of the lower
mantle and lowermost boundary layer and how does it relate to (or not)
the subducting lithosphere and rising plumes? Is the lower mantle chemically
distinct from the upper mantle? Or alternatively, where are chemical heterogeneities
located in the deep mantle, and what are their scale lengths? Are bulk
modulus and shear modulus really anti-correlated at the base of the mantle?
What are the implications of this? Combination of geochemical and geophysical
approaches will be the key to the success of this session, thus we encourage
contribution from all the deep Earth disciplines. In this first ever "online-only"
session, participants will be able to submit their graphics and figure
captions to AGU via the World Wide Web (www). A message board will permit
interaction with the authors, which everyone can view. This session will
allow global participation on this timely topic, and will stay posted after
the 2001 Spring Meeting. Anyone with an AGU membership number will
be allowed viewing access of the online session.
Conveners: Ken Creager, University of Washington, Geophysics
Box 351650, Seattle, WA 98195-1650 USA, Tel: +1-206-685-2803, Fax: +1-206-543-0489,
E-mail: kcc@geophys.washington.edu; and Ed Garnero, Arizona State University,
Department of Geological Sciences, Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404 USA,
Tel: +1-480-965-7653, Fax: +1-480-965-8102, E-mail: garnero@asu.edu; and
Shun-ichiro Karato, University of Minnesota, Department of Geology, 108
Pillsbury Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA, Tel: +1-612-624-7553, Fax: +1-612-625-3819,
E-mail: karato@tc.umn.edu
S02 Challenges in Regional Seismic Nuclear Test-Ban
Treaty Monitoring (Joint with PA)
A significant research effort over the past four decades has resulted
in a large body of knowledge for teleseismic monitoring of nuclear testing
treaties, such as the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Threshold Test
Ban Treaty (TTBT). Because large explosions (>150 kilotons) were the subject
of these treaties' teleseismic methods could be used effectively. However,
under a Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring regime,
in which all nuclear tests are prohibited, the monitoring challenge is
enormously more difficult for a number of reasons. First, regional wave
analysis must be invoked because seismic waves from very small tests do
not propagate to teleseismic distances. Second, the geographic regions
of monitoring interest are not limited to small well-defined test sites
(as they were under the LTBT and TTBT), but rather very broad regions such
as the Middle East and Asia. Third, there is virtually no experience in
regional analysis from actual nuclear tests in these broad regions upon
which to formulate an empirical basis for regional discriminants. And,
unfortunately, almost all validated teleseismic-monitoring techniques fail
when applied to regional data. Consequently, a new body of scientific knowledge
regarding regional wave propagation needs to be developed to form the basis
for the development of new regional monitoring techniques. This session
will begin with a number of invited papers that will provide the background
and an overview of the scientific problems inherent is regional monitoring,
in addition to important monitoring problems. We invite papers that address
specific scientific problems that must be overcome to make progress in
regional monitoring and those that address particular regional monitoring
problems, e.g., discrimination of large chemical explosions. We are particularly
interested in papers that discuss new approaches to interpreting the myriad
of phases observed on regional seismograms and innovative empirical methods.
Finally, we encourage papers that deal with testing and validation of proposed
discriminants for particular geographic regions.
Conveners: James F. Lewkowicz, Weston Geophysical Corporation,
325 West Main Street, Northboro, MA 01532-2117 USA, Tel: +1-508-393-4600,
E-mail: JimL@weston-geo.com; and Delaine T. Reiter, Weston Geophysical
Corporation, 325 West Main Street, Northboro, MA 01532-2117 USA, Tel: +1-508-393-4600,
E-mail: Delaine@weston-geo.com
S03 Integrated Models of Earth Structure and Evolution
(ONLINE-only Session) (Joint with MR, SEDI, T, M)
Global Earth modeling has reached a point at which future progress
in our understanding of the structure, dynamics and evolution of the Earth
requires a truly multidisciplinary approach. Many sub-disciplines within
geophysics are becoming sufficiently mature that "reference" data sets
and algorithms can be identified that serve to constrain our modeling.
Such products would come in a "standardized format" and could conceivably
be used by non-specialists. This session will be a first ever AGU "online"-only
session, permitting a truly global forum whereby participants not physically
attending Spring AGU can electronically contribute their research via the
web. This session invites contributions on (1) Reference data sets and
algorithms from seismology, geodynamics, geodesy, geomagnetism, etc.; (2)
Potential "Reference" models in individual sub-disciplines (such as a successor
to PREM, electric conductivity, etc); (3) Models which tie together several
sub-disciplines of geophysics (e.g. mineral physics models that constrain
seismic modeling); (4) Models which attempt to reconcile geophysical and
geochemical data. We also encourage papers that give feedback from one
sub-discipline to another (e.g. the effect of current uncertainties in
seismic tomography on geodynamical modeling).
Conveners: Gabi Laske, University of California, Scripps Institute
of Oceanography, San Diego, CA USA, E-mail: gavi@mahi.ucsd.edu; and Carolina
Lithgow-Bertelloni, University of Michigan, 2534 C.C. Little Building 425
E. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063 USA, Tel: +1-734-647-9938,
Fax: +1-734-763-4690, E-mail: crlb@umich.edu
S04 How Rifting Worked in Northeastern North America
(Joint with T, V, GS)
This session addresses the massive basaltic volcanism, lithospheric
thinning, and subsidence strongly interacted during the Mesozoic rifting
of North America from Pangea. These processes left an imprint that spans
a wide range of processes and spatial scales, from local faulting, to sedimentary
basin subsidence, to regional patterns of fabric in the upper mantle. This
session will combine recent contributions from geophysics, structural geology,
geochemistry, and geochronolgy that improve our understanding of the formative
processes of the Northeastern North American passive margin.
Conveners: Vadim Levin, Yale University, PO Box 208109, New
Haven, CT 06520 USA, E-mail: vadim@geology.yale.edu; and Bill Menke, Columbia
University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Department of Earth and Environmental
Sciences, Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA, E-mail: menke@ldeo.columbia.edu;
and Paul Olsen, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory,
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Route 9W, Palisades, NY
10964 USA, E-mail: polsen@ldeo.columbia.edu
S05 Progress in Methods of Earthquake Source Estimation
Recent earthquakes such as the great 1998 Antarctic Plate, 1999 Izmit
Turkey, 1999 Taiwan and 1999 Hector Mine, CA events have provided an unprecedented
amount of new data with which to investigate the source processes of earthquakes.
Understanding the source process is essential to unraveling the physics
of earthquake nucleation and breakaway rupture, studying tectonics, as
well as for the simulation of strong ground motions. Studies of recent
events have revealed levels of complexity, such as rupture over multiple
fault segments and spatial and temporal slip heterogeneity that haven't
been widely observed, however such analyses involve many parameters and
model uncertainty is not usually reported. This session seeks theoretical
and observational papers utilizing state-of-the-art earthquake source inverse
methodologies to examine the earthquake source process over the entire
range of observable phenomena, and to assess the uncertainty in the derived
source models. Papers are sought on, but not limited to, the application
of inversions for the full moment tensor, source kinematics and rupture
dynamics, with emphasis on those which combine seismic and other non-seismic
data sets, and which examine the uncertainty in the model parameter estimates.
Conveners: Douglas Dreger, University of California Berkeley,
USA, E-mail: dreger@seismo.berkeley.edu; and Michael Antolik, Harvard University,
USA, Tel: +1-617-495-9604, E-mail: antolik@seismology.harvard.edu
S06 The Structure and Early Evolution of Cratons
(Joint with T, V, GS)
In the last decade, several large-scale, multidisciplinary projects
have focused on the problem of understanding the continents. They have
involved a variety of techniques including, seismic imaging, geological
mapping, geochemistry, geochronology, heat flow, and geodynamical modeling.
In this session we review results of these studies and their implications
for our current understanding of the structure, composition, and geological
evolution of continents. While we welcome contributions regarding all aspects
of continental structure and evolution, we aim to focus on the Archean,
which gives us glimpses of dynamics and evolution in the earliest era of
continental history.
Conveners: Paul Silver, Carnegie Institution of Washington,
Washington, DC 20015 USA, Tel: +1-202-686-4370 ext. 4386, Fax: +1-202-364-8726,
E-mail: silver@dtm.ciw.edu; and Rob van der Hilst, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139
USA, Tel: +1-617-253-6977, Fax: +1-617-258-9697, E-mail: hilst@mit.edu
Seismology also presents jointly with the following Special Sessions:
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with A, B, H, P, S, T)
T01 Recent Tectonics, Kinematics and Dynamics of
Southeast Asian Margins (Joint with G, S)
T03 Computational Earth Laboratories (Joint with
GP, M, MR, NG, S)
SA01 Short-term Variability in the Thermosphere
and Ionosphere: Measurements and Modeling (Joint with SM)
This special session seeks to develop a coherent view of minute-to-minute
to day-to-day variability in the thermosphere and ionosphere. We welcome
papers dealing with the sources: fluctuations in the forcing functions
at high latitude, ups and downs in solar EUV, tidal variability due to
planetary and gravity waves propagating from below, and low-latitude electrodynamics,
as well as the ionospheric and thermospheric response they produce. Both
experimental results and modeling techniques will be emphasized in
order to achieve a better understanding of short-term changes in the space
environment. Understanding variability is not only an interesting science
problem, but is also essential for space weather applications.
Conveners: Mihail V. Codrescu, University of Colorado, CIRES
SEC/NOAA, R/E/SE, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-6763,
Fax: +1-303-497-3645, E-mail: Mihail.Codrescu@noaa.gov; and Tim J. Fuller-Rowell,
University of Colorado, CIRES/SEC/NOAA R/E/SE, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO
80305 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-5764, Fax: +1-303-497-3645, E-mail: Tim.Fuller-Rowell@noaa.gov;
and David N. Anderson, University of Colorado, CIRES/SEC/NOAA R/E/SE, 325
Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-7754, Fax: +1-303-497-3645,
E-mail: David.Anderson@noaa.gov
SA02 Space-Based Auroral Remote Sensing (Joint
with SM)
Space-based auroral remote sensing can quantify key elements of the
high latitude energy budget including incident energy flux and mean energy
as well as their spatial and temporal evolution. Estimates of ionospheric
conductivity and composition changes follow from these determinations.
This session explores the degree to which current remote sensing techniques
can determine high latitude energy inflow and use this information to infer
ionospheric and thermospheric parameters. Papers which use space-based
imaging or other remote sensing data of the Earth's auroral regions to
investigate these topics are appropriate.
Conveners: Glynn Germany, University of Alabama in Huntsville,
Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, S131 Technology Hall, Huntsville,
AL 35899 USA, Tel: +1-256-824-5129, Fax: +1-256-890-6575, E-mail: germanyg@cspar.uah.edu;
and Doug Strickland, Computational Physics, Inc., 8001 Braddock Road Suite
210, Springfield, VA 22151 USA, Tel: +1-703-764-7501, Fax: +1-703-764-7500,
E-mail: dstrick@cpi.com
SA03 Polar Mesospheric Clouds, Noctilucent Clouds
and Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (Joint with A)
Observations of the number of noctilucent clouds (NLCs) made from ground-based
locations in northwest Europe have shown significant changes over the last
30 years. These clouds, also called Polar Mesospheric Clouds (PMCs) when
observed from satellites, are believed to respond to even small changes
in their environment and may be the most visually obvious manifestation
of mesospheric climate change. Such changes could be linked to increases
in the “greenhouse” gas CO2. Despite their importance,
little is known about the formation of PMCs or the causes of the apparent
related phenomenon, Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSEs). This session
invites papers describing the theory and observations of NLCs, PMCs, PMSEs
and related parameters such as mesospheric and lower thermospheric temperature,
H2O, particle composition, NO, and correlated dynamics phenomena.
It is intended to be a forum for exchanges of ideas and a catalyst for
expanded research in this emerging field.
Conveners: James M. Russell, III, Hampton University, Center
for Atmospheric Sciences, 23 Tyler Street, Hampton, VA 23668 USA, Tel:
+1-757-728-6893, Fax: +1-757-727-5090, E-mail: james.russell@hamptonu.edu;
and Gary E. Thomas, University of Colorado, Laboratory for Atmospheric
and Space Physics, Boulder, CO 80309-0392 USA, Tel: +1-303-492-7022, Fax:
+1-303-492-6946, E-mail: gary.thomas@lasp.colorado.edu; and Richard A.
Goldberg, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Laboratory for Extraterrestrial
Physics Code 690, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-8603, Fax: +1-301-286-1648,
E-mail: goldberg@pop600.gsfc.nasa.gov
SA04 Remote Sensing of the Low- and Mid- Latitude Thermosphere and
Ionosphere From the Ground and From Space
The low- and mid-latitude thermosphere and ionosphere are dynamic regions
exhibiting strong and complex coupling. There is coupling between charged
and neutral species, between different altitudes, and between equatorial
and nonequatorial latitudes. Contributions are solicited which address
the observation and interpretation of low- or mid-latitude thermospheric
and ionospheric phenomena at altitudes above 100 km. Observations and modeling
studies on all length scales (global, regional, and local) are of interest.
The emphasis will be on determinations of the composition and temperature
of the ionosphere and thermosphere and how these variables are affected
by dynamics, electric fields, photochemistry, and geomagnetic and solar
forcing.
Conveners: K. F. Dymond, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7623,
Washington, DC 20375 USA, Tel: +1-202-767-2816, E-mail: dymond@tip.nrl.navy.mil;
and P. A. Bernhardt, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6794, Washington,
DC 20375 USA, Tel: +1-202-767-0196, E-mail: bern@ppdu.nrl.navy.mil
SPA: Aeronomy also presents jointly with the following Special
Sessions:
A01 Earth Science Applications of Reflected and Refracted
GPS Transmissions (Joint with G, GP, H, SA)
A06 Middle Atmospheric Odd Nitrogen (Joint with SA)
SH07 Sources of Long-Term Trends in Space Weather
(Joint with SA, SM, SPD)
SH08 X-Ray Emission in the Solar System (Joint with
P, SA, SM)
SM01 Driving Mechanisms for Transient Phenomena
in the Dayside Auroral Zone (Joint with SA)
SM02 Ionospheric Mass Loading of Magnetospheric
Dynamics (Joint with SA, SH)
SM04 Global Dynamics of the Magnetosphere from Imaging
and Remote Sensing as Compared with Theoretical Models (Joint with SA,
SH)
SM05 Magnetic Storm Development: Relative Roles of Enhanced
Convection, Particle Sources, and Substorms (Joint with SA)
SPA: Solar and Heliospheric Physics
SH01 Abundance Variations in the Solar Corona,
Solar Wind and Solar Energetic Particles (Joint with SPD)
The sun contains the bulk of solar system material, and spacecraft
can directly sample this material with optical observations of the corona
and in-situ measurements of solar energetic particles and the solar wind.
Understanding the variability of the elemental, isotopic, and charge-state
composition of the corona, solar wind, and solar energetic particles is
crucial for determining how these samples originate from the Sun's reservoir
of largely unfractionated material, the outer convective zone. High
resolution measurements of the composition of coronal, solar wind and energetic
particles are increasingly highlighting their variability. The papers
in this session will not only focus on our increased capabilities to observe
and characterize these variations with the instrumentation on spacecraft
such as Ulysses, Wind, SOHO, and ACE, but will also present theoretical
interpretations and consequences of this variability.
Conveners: Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, University of Bern,
Physikalisches Institut Silderstrasse 5, Bern, CH-3012 Switzerland, Tel:
+41 31 631 44 20, Fax: +41 31 631 44 05, E-mail: robert.wimmer@phim.unibe.ch;
and Joe Mazur, The Aerospace Corporation, M2/259 2350 El Segundo Boulevard,
El Segundo, CA 90245-4691 USA, Tel: +1-310-336-2389, Fax: +1-310-563-3165,
E-mail: joseph.mazur@aero.org; and Rick Leske, California Institute of
Technology, M/C 220-47 Downs Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA, Tel: +1-626-395-8400,
Fax: +1-626-449-8676, E-mail: ral@citsrl.srl.caltech.edu; and John Raymond,
Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street MS 15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA,
Tel: +1-617-495-7416, Fax: +1-617-495-7049, E-mail: jraymond@cfa.harvard.edu
SH02 The Coronal Solar Wind: Observations and
Theory (Joint with SPD)
Observations carried out from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
have revised our view about plasma conditions in the regions where the
solar wind is formed and accelerated. For example, data from the Ultraviolet
Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) show surprisingly high values for ion temperatures,
temperature anisotropies and ion flow speeds near the sun. As a result,
theories on solar wind expansion must be revised to accommodate these new
data. To further advance the knowledge of the formation of the solar
wind, papers are invited on any aspect of the fast and slow solar wind
dynamic, heating and acceleration, and on plasma structures originating
within the solar wind source regions, e.g. plumes and jets.
Conveners: Ruth Esser, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,
60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA, Tel: +1-617-496-7566, Fax: +1-617-495-7049,
E-mail: resser@cfa.harvard.edu; and Danuta Dobrzycka, Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA, Tel:
+1-617-496-7568, Fax: +1-617-495-7049, E-mail: ddobrzycka@cfa.harvard.edu
SH03 Solar Magnetism and its Relation to Coronal
Heating and Dynamics (Joint with SPD)
Recent developments of advanced theoretical and numerical methods have
enabled a more comprehensive description of the causes and consequences
of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Different scenarios for CME genesis
and propagation can now be described in much more detail, enabling direct
comparisons of solar and interplanetary data that have not been possible
so far. A large volume of solar data from SOHO, TRACE, and Yohkoh are ideally
suited for such tests, particularly if the measurements are put into the
context of in situ data, for example from Wind, ACE and Ulysses.
We encourage presentations on solar and in situ data providing important
constraints for successful model descriptions, in particular, those involving
both solar and heliospheric aspects of the CME phenomenon. We also
encourage contributions on theoretical models providing testable scenarios
and quantitative comparisons between theoretical predictions and data.
Conveners: John M. Davis, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center,
Code SD50, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA, Tel: +1-256-961-7600, Fax: +1-256-961-7215,
E-mail: John.Davis.3@msfc.nasa.gov; and George Doschek, NRL, Code 7670,
Washington, DC 20375-5352 USA, Tel: +1-202-767-3527, Fax: +1-202-404-7997,
E-mail: doschek@sola.nrl.navy.mil; and Leon Golub, Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge MA 02138 USA, Tel:
+1-617-495 7177, Fax: +1-617-496 8495, E-mail: lgolub@cfa.harvard.edu;
and Alan Title, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, 3251 Hanover
St., Palo Alto, CA 94304-1121 USA, Tel: +1-650-424-4032, Fax: +1-650-424-3994,
E-mail: title@lmsal.com
SH04 Physics of CMEs: Comparison of Theory and
Observations (Joint with SPD)
Recent developments of advanced theoretical and numerical methods have
enabled a more comprehensive description of the causes and consequences
of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Different scenarios for CME genesis
and propagation can now be described in much more detail, enabling direct
comparisons of solar and interplanetary data that have not been possible
so far. A large volume of solar data from SOHO, TRACE, and Yohkoh are ideally
suited for such tests, particularly if the measurements are put into the
context of in situ data, for example from Wind, ACE and Ulysses.
We encourage presentations on solar and in situ data providing important
constraints for successful model descriptions, in particular, those involving
both, solar and heliospheric aspects of the CME phenomenon. We also
encourage contributions on theoretical models providing testable scenarios
and quantitative comparisons between theoretical predictions and data.
Conveners: Thomas H. Zurbuchen, University of Michigan, Space
Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143 USA, E-mail: thomasz@umich.edu;
and James Chen, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6790, Washington, DC 20375-5352
USA; and Spiro K. Antiochos, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7675, Washington,
DC 30375-5352 USA; and Joan Burkepile, High Altitude Observatory, Boulder,
CO 80307-3000 USA; and Nat Gopalswamy, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
SH05 Are There Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections?
(Joint with SPD)
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are spectacular solar phenomena involving
the release of large quantities of solar material into interplanetary space.
They may play a crucial role in the large-scale evolution of the solar
corona and are the principal cause of large geomagnetic storms. Over the
years, a number of solar and in situ studies have hinted that two intrinsic
classes of CMEs may exist. In particular, it has been found that fast,
flare-related events often propagate away from the Sun at constant speed,
whereas slower, prominence-related events are observed to accelerate. However,
other studies have refuted these claims, arguing that either insufficient
evidence exists, or that CMEs are better described by a continuous distribution
of properties. We solicit abstracts pertaining to all aspects of this issue,
including interplanetary counterparts, and we particularly encourage presentations
that combine disparate datasets and/or theoretical predictions. In an effort
to foster collaborative projects and disseminate information prior to the
session, a Web site has been developed.
Conveners: Pete Riley, Science Applications International Corporation,
10260 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, CA 92121 USA, Tel: +1-858-826-9550,
E-mail: uk2@haven.saic.com; and Hilary Cane, University of Tasmania, School
of Mathematics and Physics, GPO Box 252-21, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia,
Tel: +61-03-6293-1335, E-mail: hilary.cane@utas.edu.au
SH06 Tracking CMEs From the Sun Into the Heliosphere
(Joint with SPD)
The large amount of data obtained during this solar cycle on the characteristics
of both coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and interplanetary ejecta give us
an unprecedented opportunity for a major advance in our understanding of
the life cycle of CMEs and related solar wind phenomena. Recent spectroscopic
and imaging studies with the SOHO instruments, TRACE, and Yohkoh SXT have
provided insights into the solar dynamics and source regions of CMEs as
well as their evolution through the corona, including associated shock
propagation. In situ observations at 1 AU, primarily by the ACE and
Wind spacecraft, have revealed their magnetic and particle structures,
which can be related both to their solar origins and to their coupling
to the magnetosphere. Observations of halo CMEs have been particularly
useful for these studies and have been the bases of joint campaigns involving
the Sun-to-Earth connections of transient disturbances. We invite
papers related to these subjects, and, in particular, on those studies
which compare CMEs and interplanetary ejecta.
Conveners: David F. Webb, Boston College, ISR AFRL/VSBS, 29
Randolph Road, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-3030 USA, Tel: +1-781-377-3086, Fax:
+1-781-377-3160, E-mail: david.webb@hanscom.af.mil; and Stephen Kahler,
AFRL/VSBS, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-3030 USA, Tel: +1-781-377-9665,
Fax: +1-781-377-3160, E-mail: stephen.kahler@hanscom.af.mil; and Len Burlaga,
NASA/GSFC, Code 692, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-5956, Fax:
+1-301-286-1683, E-mail: burlaga@lepvax.gsfc.nasa.gov; and Chris St. Cyr,
NASA/GSFC/CUA, Code 682, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-2575,
Fax: +1-301-286-1617, E-mail: stcyr@cua.edu
SH07 Sources of Long-Term Trends in Space Weather
(Joint with SA, SM, SPD)
An ongoing puzzle in solar-terrestrial coupling is the long-term increase
in some geomagnetic indices, notably the "aa" index, over the last century.
Recently Lockwood et al. [Nature, 399, 1999] proposed that this trend results
from an increase in the solar source magnetic field. Their explanation
is considered consistent with the corresponding increase inferred for solar
radiative fluxes by both Lean [GRL, 1999] and Fligge and Solanki [GRL,
2000]. While the interpretation has met with some challenges, attention
has been refocused on this timely question that we are now, in theory at
least, much better equipped to re-examine because of our improved grasp
of the space weather system. The aim of this special session is to
bring together scientists from the solar, interplanetary, magnetospheric
and ionospheric communities to discuss results that resolve, or contribute
to the resolution of this long-standing enigma. Questions to be addressed
include: 1) What geomagnetic indices show increasing trends, and
what is the physics underlying those indices? 2) Is the Sun's magnetic
field really changing, and if so what is causing the change and what are
its consequences for solar outputs (solar wind, radiative, particles) that
affect the Earth? 3) Is there any evidence for long-term changes
in the interplanetary medium? 4) Do long-term changes in geomagnetic
indices suggest corresponding long-term changes in the magnetosphere or
upper atmosphere/ionosphere? 5) If the increasing trend in solar
irradiance continues, what can we expect from a space weather perspective?
Conveners: Nick Arge, University of Colorado, CIRES/NOAA/SEC
R/E/SE, 325 South Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-7394,
Fax: +1-303-497-3645, E-mail: Nick.Arge@noaa.gov; and Janet G. Luhmann,
University of California Berkeley, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley,
CA 94720 USA, Tel: +1-510-642-2545, Fax: +1-510-643-8302, E-mail: jgluhman@SSL.Berkeley.EDU;
and Rodney Viereck, NOAA, Space Environment Center R/E/SE, 325 South Broadway,
Boulder, CO 80305 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-7348, Fax: +1-303-497-3645, E-mail:
Rodney.Viereck@noaa.gov
SH08 X-Ray Emission in the Solar System (Joint
with P, SA, SM)
X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission has been observed from
many objects throughout the solar system including the Sun, the Moon, the
Earth, Jupiter, and comets. X-ray emission associated with the interaction
of the solar wind with interstellar neutrals has also been predicted. The
recently launched Chandra X-ray observatory, with its unprecedented high
spatial and spectral resolution, has recently provided strong evidence
for solar wind charge exchange induced x-ray emission from comets, and
further exciting results from both Chandra and FUSE can be expected. X-ray
observations of solar system objects is a potentially important diagnostic
tool for understanding physical processes operating at these objects, such
as particle precipitation at Jupiter or the solar wind interaction with
comets. In this session, a few invited review papers will summarize
recent progress and future directions, including relevant laboratory measurements.
Contributed papers on all aspects of this interesting topic are welcome.
Conveners: T. E. Cravens, University of Kansas, Department of
Physics and Astronomy, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA, Tel: +1-785-864-4739, Fax:
+1-785-864-5262, E-mail: cravens@kuplas.phsx.ukans.edu; and V. Kharchenko,
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge,
MA 02138 USA, Tel: +1-617-495-7536, Fax: +1-617-496-7668, E-mail: kharchen@cfa.harvard.edu;
and C. M. Lisse, NISD, Space Telescope Institute 3700 San Martin Drive,
Baltimore, MD 21218 USA, Tel: +1-410-338-4395, Fax: +1-410-338-4796, E-mail:
lisse@stsci.edu
SPA: Solar and Heliospheric Physics presents jointly with the
following Special Sessions:
SPD01 Nanoflare Statistics, Self-Organized Criticality,
and Coronal Heating (Joint with NG, SH)
SM02 Ionospheric Mass Loading of Magnetospheric
Dynamics (Joint with SA, SH)
SM03 Progress in Magnetic Reconnection Research
in Space and Laboratory Plasmas (Joint with SH)
SM04 Global Dynamics of the Magnetosphere from Imaging
and Remote Sensing as Compared with Theoretical Models (Joint with SA,
SH)
American Astronomical Society, Solar Physics Division (AAS/SPD)
SPD01 Nanoflare Statistics, Self-Organized Criticality,
and Coronal Heating (Joint with NG, SH)
A major number of statistical studies on solar (as well as stellar)
flares, microflares, and nanoflares has been published recently, focusing
on their potential for explaining the heating of the solar corona. Observational
statistics have been gathered from recent space missions such as Yohkoh,
SoHO, and TRACE in EUV and soft X-rays, spanning a range over 8 orders
of magnitude in energy, E=10(24)-10(32) erg, but yielding controversial
results on the numerical value of the power-law slope of their frequency
distributions. On the theoretical side, since nanoflares have been postulated
by Parker in 1988, a continuous string of theoretical models emerged on
the physics and statistics of solar nanoflares, also stimulated by the
pioneering work of Lu and Hamilton (1993) by applying the principle of
self-organized criticality to solar nanoflares. It is therefore timely
to dedicate a special session to address observational and data analysis
issues of nanoflare statistics, to compare theoretical models with new
observations, and to discuss the implications for coronal heating.
Conveners: Markus J. Aschwanden, Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics
Laboratory, Dept. L9-41 Bldg. 252, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304
USA, Tel: +1-650-424-4001, Fax: +1-650-424-3994, E-mail: aschwanden@lmsal.com;
and Grisha Vekstein, UMIST, Dept. of Physics PO Box 88, Manchester, M60
1QD United Kingdom, Tel: +44 161-200-3913, Fax: +44 161-200-3941, E-mail:
G.Vekstein@umist.ac.uk
SPD02 Physical Mechanisms of Solar Luminosity Variation
A consensus is emerging from empirical modelling of total irradiance
variation, that most of the variance in the 22-year radiometric record
can be explained by the competing effects of dark sunspots and bright faculae
and network. Physical explanations of the effect of these magnetic
structures on solar heat flow have been developed, and their thermal blocking
seems to explain the observed irradiance variations quite well. Nevertheless
controversy continues on the possible importance of other physical
effects such as stirring of convection by rising magnetic flux, and and
by hypothesized global variations in convective efficiency, or solar diameter.
Even if such effects turn out to be small over the solar cycle, they might
play an important role over climatically more significant time scales.
The purpose of this session will be to confront the various physical mechanisms
with the latest observational constraints derived from solar radiometry
and photometry, from helioseismology, and also from stellar photometry.
Conveners: Peter Foukal, CRI, Inc., 80 Ashford Street, Boston,
MA 02134 USA, Tel: +1-617-787-5700, Fax: +1-617-787-4488, E-mail: pfoukal@world.std.com;
and Hendrick Spruit, Max Planck Institut fur Astrophysik, Karl Schwarzschild
Strasse 1, Postfach 1523, Garching, D-85740 Germany, Tel: +49-89-3299-00,
Fax: +49-89-3299-3235, E-mail: henk@mpa.garching.mpg.de
SPD03 Helioseismology and Variability of the Solar Interior
The session will focus on the results of continuous monitoring of the
solar interior by ground-based networks (GONG, LOWL, BISON, TON and others)
and by three helioseismology instruments (MDI, GOLF and VIRGO) on board
SOHO spacecraft. The new data have provided a tremendous amount of new
information about the internal structure and dynamics of the Sun at various
spatial and temporal scales, covering the raising phase of the current
solar cycle. These data open a unique opportunity for understanding the
physics of the Sun's interior and mechanisms of solar variability. The
topics of this session include, but are not limited to, observational,
theoretical and computational methods of both global and local-area helioseismology;
physics of solar interior and oscillations; results of helioseismic analyses
and inversions; global structures, dynamics and circulation and their variations
with the solar cycle; physics of solar convection, dynamo, active regions
and sunspots; links between the solar interior and coronal activity, and
applications of helioseismic diagnostics for understanding solar variability
and space weather forecasts.
Conveners: Frank Hill, National Solar Observatory, PO Box 26732,
Tucson, AZ 85726-6732 USA, Tel: +1-520-318-8138, Fax: +1-520-318-8278,
E-mail: fhill@noao.edu; and Alexander Kosovichev, Stanford University,
W.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory 455 via Palou, Stanford, CA
94305-4085 USA, Tel: +1-650-723-7667, Fax: +1-650-725-2333, E-mail: AKosovichev@solar.stanford.edu;
and Philip Scherrer, Stanford University, W.W. Hansen Experimental Physics
Laboratory, 455 via Palou, Stanford, CA 94305-4085 USA, Tel: +1-650-723-1504,
Fax: +1-650-725-2333, E-mail: PScherrer@solar.stanford.edu
Solar Physics Division-AAS also presents jointly with Special
Sessions:
SH01 Abundance Variations in the Solar Corona, Solar
Wind and Solar Energetic Particles (Joint with SPD)
SH02 The Coronal Solar Wind: Observations and Theory
(Joint with SPD)
SH03 Solar Magnetism and its Relation to Coronal
Heating and Dynamics (Joint with SPD)
SH04 Physics of CMEs: Comparison of Theory and Observations
(Joint with SPD)
SH05 Are There Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections?
(Joint with SPD)
SH06 Tracking CMEs From the Sun Into the Heliosphere
(Joint with SPD)
SH07 Sources of Long-Term Trends in Space Weather
(Joint with SA, SM, SPD)
SM01 Driving Mechanisms for Transient Phenomena
in the Dayside Auroral Zone (Joint with SA)
Traveling convection vortices, flow bursts, transient auroral brightenings
and other impulsive events observed in the dayside auroral oval provide
evidence for unsteady solar wind-magnetosphere interaction mechanisms like
bursty merging, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and pressure-pulse driven
magnetopause boundary waves. Once the ionospheric events have been
correctly associated with corresponding phenomena at the dayside magnetopause,
it should be possible to use their occurrence patterns to determine the
significance of each proposed mechanism. This session will emphasize
efforts to compare theoretical predictions with observed event characteristics
and occurrence patterns in the ionosphere.
Conveners: David G. Sibeck, JHU/APL, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd.,
Laurel, MD 20723 USA, Tel: +1-240-228-8545, Fax: +1-240-228-6670, E-mail:david.sibeck@jhuapl.edu;
and M. Hesse, NASA/GSFC, Code 696, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-8224,
Fax: +1-301-286-1648, E-mail: michael.hesse@gsfc.nasa.gov
SM02 Ionospheric Mass Loading of Magnetospheric
Dynamics (Joint with SA, SH)
A GEM campaign has been organized to investigate Magnetosphere-Ionosphere
Coupling via mass loading by plasma outflows from the ionosphere. The ultimate
objective of this campaign is to foster the development of a predictive
heliosphere geosphere interaction model, with ionospheric plasma appearing
as a dynamical as well as electrodynamic element of interactions with the
magnetosphere. Three challenges were identified as steps toward this end:
1. Mass Exchange Characterization, as a function of solar, heliospheric,
and local conditions; 2. Impacts of Ionospheric Plasmas, both from observations
and global circulation modeling; and 3. Mass Extraction Process Modeling,
capable of incorporating flux tube history effects, that would run inside
of global circulation models. Papers are solicited that use observations
or theoretical modeling to address any aspect of these overarching objectives.
Conveners: T. E. Moore, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Laboratory
for Extraterrestrial Physics, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-5236,
Fax: +1-707-988-7835, E-mail: thomas.e.moore@gsfc.nasa.gov; and W. K. (Bill)
Peterson, Lockheed Martin Space Sciences Laboratory, C/O University of
Colorado LASP, 1234 Innovation Drive, Boulder, CO 80303 USA, Tel: +1-303-492-0686,
Fax: +1-303-492-6444, E-mail: pete@willow.colorado.edu
SM03 Progress in Magnetic Reconnection Research
in Space and Laboratory Plasmas (Joint with SH)
This special session will bring together experts from different disciplines
to discuss the important problem of magnetic reconnection. The crucial
question concerns the rate at which a local reconnection can proceed, and
lead to rapid conversion of magnetic energy to other forms. The experts
who will present talks for discussion come from the fields of numerical
simulation, experimental plasma physics, solar physics and magnetosphere
physics. Special attention will be put on two-fluid MHD physics issues.
By comparing the results on magnetic reconnection from space and laboratory
plasma, it is hoped to obtain new insights on the physics of magnetic reconnection.
Conveners: Masaaki Yamada, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma
Physics Laboratory, PO Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA, Tel: +1-609-243-2566,
Fax: +1-609-243-2418, E-mail: myamada@pppl.gov; and David Rust, Johns Hopkins
University, Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel,
MD 20723 USA, Tel: +1-240-228-6670, Fax: +1-240-228-5414, E-mail: dave.rust@jhuapl.edu;
and James Drake, University of Maryland, Institute of Plasma Physics, College
Park, MD 20742 USA, Tel: +1-301-405-1471, Fax: +1-301-405-1678, E-mail:
drake@plasma.umd.edu
SM04 Global Dynamics of the Magnetosphere from
Imaging and Remote Sensing as Compared with Theoretical Models (Joint with
SA, SH)
The magnetosphere is the critical link in the Sun-Earth connection,
between the solar wind and the Earth. During the past few years, and especially
since the launch of the IMAGE mission, a fundamentally new set of observational
tools has become available for magnetospheric research, including various
kinds of global imaging and remote sensing. To an unusual degree, these
new observations lend themselves to qualitative and quantitative comparisons
with global dynamic models of the magnetosphere, and indeed depend upon
such models for their interpretation in some cases. Concurrently, magnetospheric
modeling has advanced significantly in global comprehensiveness and dynamic
realism. For this session, we seek invited and contributed papers
that report relevant efforts designed to exploit the new measurements and
global models, by identifying and interpreting familiar features, model
predictions, and especially those new aspects of the observations not apparently
described by current modeling efforts.
Conveners: D. L. Gallagher, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center,
Code SD50 Space Science Department, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA, Tel: +1-256-544-7587,
Fax: +1-256-544-5244, E-mail: dennis.gallagher@msfc.nasa.gov; and C. J.
Pollock, Southwest Research Institute, Instrumentation and Space Science
Division, San Antonio, TX 78208 USA, Tel: +1-210-522-3978, E-mail: cpollock@swri.org;
and J. L. Green, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 630 Space Science
Data Operations Office, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-286-7354,
E-mail: james.green@gsfc.nasa.gov; and T. E. Moore, NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center, Laboratory for Extraterrestrial Physics, Greenbelt, MD 20771
USA, Tel: +1-301-286-5236, E-mail: thomas.e.moore@gsfc.nasa.gov
SM05 Magnetic Storm Development: Relative Roles of Enhanced
Convection, Particle Sources, and Substorms (Joint with SA)
For many years the standard paradigm for the creation of magnetic storms
has been the idea that a substorm expansion phase injects plasma sheet
ions that drift westward forming a partial ring current that eventually
becomes symmetric due to differential drift. The ions are then lost by
charge exchange decay. This paradigm has been challenged by a number of
recent observations. The new observations suggest that a substantial
part of the symmetric ring current is injected by global convection
rather than the substorm expansion. Variations in the particle sources
modulate the geoeffectivess for a given convection strength. Also
considerable numbers of the ions may come from the ionosphere rather
than the tail. A significant fraction of the ions may be lost through
the magnetopause rather than charge exchange. In addition, it appears
that a substantial part of the ground disturbance present in Dst during
a magnetic storm may be produced by currents on the magnetopause, in the
tail, in the partial ring current (which includes ions on paths open to
the magnetopause), and in the substorm current wedge, in addition to
ring current. The controversial issue is whether the old paradigm needs
substantial alteration or the recent observations provide an incomplete
view of the important storm processes.
This session invites experimental and theoretical contributions related
to the problem of ring current formation and particularly to the
interplay between convection and substorm injections in that process.
Conveners: Robert L. McPherron; UCLA IGPP, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los
Angeles, CA 90095-1567, Tel: +1-310-825-1882, Fax: +1-310-206-8042;
E-mail: rmcpherron@igpp.ucla.edu; and Y. Kamide, Nagoya University,
Solar Terrestrial
Environment Laboratory, Honohara 3-13, Toyokawa, Aichi 442, Japan, Tel:
+81-533895183, Fax +81-533890409, E-mail: kamide@stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp;
and Janet U. Kozyra, University of Michigan, Space Physics Research Lab,
2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109- 2143; Tel: +1-734-647-3550, Fax:
+1-734-647-3083; E-mail:jukozyra@engin.umich.edu.
SPA: Magnetospheric Physics also presents jointly with the following
Special Sessions:
SA01 Short-term Variability in the Thermosphere
and Ionosphere: Measurements and Modeling (Joint with SM)
SA02 Space-Based Auroral Remote Sensing (Joint with
SM)
SH07 Sources of Long-Term Trends in Space Weather
(Joint with SA, SM, SPD)
SH08 X-Ray Emission in the Solar System (Joint with
P, SA, SM)
T01 Recent Tectonics, Kinematics and Dynamics of
Southeast Asian Margins (Joint with G, S)
Oblique convergence along subduction margins is responsible for distributed
and/or localized deformation in the upper plate, thus offering the opportunity
to investigate long-term and short-term coupling at these plate boundaries.
In the general framework of the convergence of India, Australia and Pacific
plates towards Eurasia, a large amount of kinematic data has been collected
at Sundaland margins, including space geodetic measurements (GPS), land
geological surveys of the active faults involved in partitioning (Sagaing
fault in Myanmar, Sumatra fault in Indonesia, Philippines fault), marine
surveys of marginal basins (Andaman basin, South China and Banda basins)
seismological studies and tomography of the slabs. Integration of the different
types of data is limited by the wide range of time-scale covered by these
observations. Strong constraints are now available both for the present-day
crustal deformation and the recent tectonic evolution during the past few
million years. The proposed session thus aims at gathering these tectonics
and kinematics observations, and papers combining the various geological
and geophysical fields involved are greatly encouraged.
Conveners: Nicolas Chamot-Rooke, Ecole normale superieure, Laboratoire
de geologie 24, rue Lhomond, Paris, 75231 Cedex 5 France, Tel: +33-1-4432-2257,
Fax: +33-1-4432-2000, E-mail: rooke@geologie.ens.fr; and William E. Holt,
State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Geosciences,
Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100 USA, Tel: +1-631-632-8215, Fax: +1-631-632-8240,
E-mail: wholt@horizon.ess.sunysb.edu
T02 Dynamics of Gas Hydrate Reservoirs and Similar
Shallow Marine Flow Systems (Joint with B, GS, H, OS)
An emerging frontier in the study of gas hydrate reservoirs, submarine
slope stability issues, and so-called "shallow water flow" is the quantitative
analysis of the shallow sedimentary section as a dynamic hydrogeologic
system. A deeper understanding of these systems requires observations
and methods that: (1) quantitatively constrain the fluxes of fluid, gas,
and energy and (2) consider the impact of sedimentation rates and permeability
variations on enhancing and focusing fluid fluxes, respectively. This session
emphasizes geochemical or biological proxies, direct seafloor or borehole
geophysical measurements, and theoretical analyses that constrain critical
flux rates in marine gas hydrate reservoirs and similar shallow marine
hydrogeologic systems. Observational studies that link sedimentary processes
to the evolution of shallow flow regimes or the destabilization of submarine
slopes are encouraged. Modeling studies that evaluate the relationships
among sedimentation rate, permeability variations, discharge of fluid or
gas at the seafloor, formation/dissociation of gas hydrates, the evolution
of two- and three-dimensional flow regimes, and/or slope stability are
also welcome.
Conveners: C. Ruppel, Georgia Tech, School of Earth and Atmospheric
Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30332-0340 USA, Tel: +1-404-894-0231, E-mail: cdr@piedmont.eas.gatech.edu;
and P. Flemings, Penn State University, Department of Geosciences 442 Deike
Building, University Park, PA 16802 USA, Tel: +1-814-865-2309, E-mail:
flemings@geosc.psu.edu
T03 Computational Earth Laboratories (Joint with
GP, M, MR, NG, S)
In the last decade geophysics has profited from an unprecedented growth
in computer resources, a development that is likely to continue into the
future. The impact of this development on our field is already being felt.
First principle calculations of Earth materials now reinforce high-pressure
experiments. Geodynamo simulations add insight into interpreting palaeomagnetic
observations. Seismologists study wave propagation numerically, while geodynamicists
turn to seismic, tectonic and geochemical data to test their models. The
numerical techniques and challenges shared by computational geophysicists
are numerous. However, the true opportunity of growing computer resources
is to combine these modeling efforts into a virtual Earth Laboratory, where
we integrate geodynamic, seismic and mineralogic hypotheses and test them
with laboratory and observational data. In this session, we invite contributions
from computational mineralogy, seismic wave propagation modeling and geodynamics.
We also strongly encourage contributions from observational seismology,
tectonics, mantle geochemistry and high pressure mineral physics aimed
at constraining Earth structure and processes.
Conveners: Hans-Peter Bunge, Princeton University, Department
of Geological and Geophysical Sciences, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA, Tel: +1-609-258-4128,
Fax: +1-609-258-1274, E-mail: bunge@seismo.berkeley.edu; and Rainer Hollerbach,
Princeton University, Department of Geological and Geophysical Sciences,
Princeton, NJ 08540 USA, Tel: +1-609-258-4128, Fax: +1-609-258-1274, E-mail:
rainer@maths.gla.ac.uk; and Guusth Nolet, Princeton University, Department
of Geological and Geophysical Sciences, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA, Tel: +1-609-258-4128,
Fax: +1-609-258-1274, E-mail: guust@geo.princeton.edu; and Lars Stixrude,
University of Michigan, Department of Geological Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI
48109-1063 USA, Tel: +1-734-647-9071, Fax: +1-734-763-4690, E-mail: stixrude@umich.edu
T04 True Polar Wander on Earth, Mars and Beyond
(Joint with G, GP, P)
True Polar Wander (TPW), a geographic shift of the inertial axis or
a shift of the outer shell of a rotating body, has been proposed for Earth
and Mars, and conceivably could have occurred on other planets. This session
examines models for the excitation of TPW and its damping. Observations
on Earth for TPW — gradual or catastrophic — from magnetic anomalies, paleomagnetic
data or hotspots, as well as geological evidence will be examined.
Possible occurrence on Mars and the implications for its surface and polar
deposits will also be included, as well as evidence from other bodies.
Diverse contributions are invited relevant to the process and observations
of TPW on Earth, Mars and beyond.
Conveners: Donna M. Jurdy, Northwestern University, Department
of Geological Sciences, Evanston, IL 60208-2150 USA, Tel: +1-847-491-7163,
E-mail: donna@earth.nwu.edu; and Maria T. Zuber, MIT, Earth, Atmospheric
& Planetary Sciences 54-518, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Tel: +1-617-253-6397,
E-mail: zuber@mit.edu
Tectonophysics also presents jointly with the following Special
Sessions:
GP01 Mapping Aquifers, Oceans, and Planetary Bodies
with Passive and Active EM Methods (Joint with H, OS, P)
GP07 Magnetic Investigations of the Antarctic (Joint
with T)
GS01 Magmatic Volatile Histories: Stable Isotopic
Tracing of Sources and Degassing Processes in Magmatic Systems and Implications
for Volcanology and Earth System Science (Joint with T, M)
M01 Equation of State and Elasticity of Earth Materials
(Joint with MR, SEDI, T, V)
M03 Spectroscopy of Minerals and Other Planetary
Phases (Joint with MR, T)
OS01 Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Geophysics (Joint
with A, B, H, P, S, T)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP, GS,
MR, NG, SEDI, T)
S03 Integrated Models of Earth Structure and Evolution
(ONLINE-only Session) (Joint with MR, SEDI, T, M)
S04 How Rifting Worked in Northeastern North America
(Joint with T, V, GS)
S06 The Structure and Early Evolution of Cratons
(Joint with T, V, GS)
V04 Petrological and Geochemical Constraints of the
Formation of Archean Cratons (Joint with T, GS)
V05 The Construction of Archean Cratons: Reconciling
Radiometric Dates From Crustal and Mantle Rocks (Joint with T, GS)
NG02 Integrating and Applying Models, Simulations,
and Data to the Forecasting of Nonlinear Geophysical Systems (Joint with
H, T)
Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology
V01 Continental Weathering and Ocean Chemistry
(Joint with H, OS, GS)
Recent studies link chemical weathering on the continents to changes
in global ocean chemistry. This session will focus on the specific
linkages between chemical weathering on the continents as recorded by fluvial,
estuarine and sediment geochemical processes and the chemistry of the oceans.
Contributions that focus on spatial and temporal chemical variations in
river water and groundwater chemistry, estuarine chemistry, ocean chemistry
as well as experimental studies of mineral/rock weathering are solicited.
The goal is a multidisciplinary session that brings together experimental
and aqueous geochemistry, sedimentary and isotopic-geochemical aspects
of these and related topics.
Conveners: Robyn E. Hannigan, Arkansas State University, Department
of Chemistry and Program for Environmental Science, AR 72467 USA, Tel:
+1-870-972-3086, Fax: +1-870-972-3089, E-mail: hannigan@navajo.astate.edu;
and Asish R. Basu, University of Rochester, Department of Earth and Environmental
Sciences, Rochester, NY 14627 USA, Tel: +1-716-275-2413, Fax: +1-716-244-5689,
E-mail: abasu@earth.rochester.edu
V02 New Views of Mars Volcanism: Extrusive, Explosive,
and Possible Influences of H2O (Joint with P)
Before the recent Mars missions, volcanic activity on Mars was thought
to be primarily "old" (restricted to more than 1.3 b.y. ago) and mafic.
Although a range of eruption styles seemed likely, available topographic
data poorly constrained the existing models. Today, analyses of Pathfinder
and MGS data suggest a range of lava compositions, and provide topographic
and image evidence for more extensive volcanism-some of it quite recent
(possibly even current). This session is intended to explore our changing
views of the thermal and chemical evolution of Mars by examining new evidence
for volcanic activity on Mars throughout its geologic history. We will
provide a forum for discussing compositional data, proposed eruption styles
and mechanisms, and evidence for recent volcanic activity.
Conveners: Susan Sakimoto, NASA/GSFC, UMBC Code 921, Greenbelt,
MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-614-6470, Fax: +1-301-614-6522, E-mail: sakimoto@denali.gsfc.nasa.gov;
and Tracy Gregg, The University of Buffalo, Department of Geology and Geophysics,
876 Nat. Science and Mathematics Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260-3050 USA, Tel:
+1-716-645-6800 ext. 2463, Fax: +1-716-636-4827, E-mail: Tgregg@nsm.buffalo.edu;
and Lori Glaze, Proxemy Research, 20528 Farcroft Lane, Laytonsville, MD
20882 USA, Tel: +1-301-313-0026, Fax: +1-301-313-0021, E-mail: lori@proxemy.com
V03 Advances in Subsurface Sampling and Borehole Measurement
During the last several years the technology for acquiring subsurface
samples and for characterizing and monitoring subsurface conditions has
undergone a number of significant advances. For example, these new
technologies have enabled us to expand the temporal spectrum of observations
with real-time, continuous monitoring of borehole conditions in the short
term and greatly extended shallow water sediment records over the longer
term. We can now access and recover samples from extreme environments
to depths of >6 km and conduct geophysical surveys at substantially higher
temperatures than were possible even a decade ago. These technologies
have not only made it possible to greatly expand the breadth of our analysis
of regional and planetary processes, they have also increased our awareness
of the ability of specialized technologies to provide us with access to
environments that were previously inaccessible. This special session
invites submissions on state-of-the-art technologies for borehole sampling,
measurement, and monitoring as well as papers by those whose research programs
require significant advances of currently available technology in order
to monitor or sample challenging subsurface environments.
Conveners: Donald Thomas, University of Hawaii, DOSECC and Department
of Geophysics, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA, Tel: +1-808-956-6482,
Fax: +1-808-956-3188, E-mail: dthomas@soest.hawaii.edu; and Allan R. Sattler,
Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1033 USA,
Tel: +1-505-844-1019; and David Goldberg, Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory, Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964-0190 USA, Tel: +1-845-365-8674
ext. 674
V04 Petrological and Geochemical Constraints of
the Formation of Archean Cratons (Joint with T, GS)
The Archean cratons of Earth are noteworthy for their occurences of
tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite and komatiite along with a mantle keel
that contains metasomatized, depleted harzburgite, eclogite and diamonds.
Contributions from experimental petrology, theoretical petrology, mineralogy,
and trace element and isotope geochemistry are invited that focus on the
processes of formation and assembly of cratons and whether craton formation
requires conditions unique to the Archean Earth.
Conveners: Timothy L. Grove, MIT, Department of Earth Atmospheric
and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 USA, Tel: +1-617-253-2878,
Fax: +1-617-253-7102, E-mail: tlgrove@mit.edu; and Steven B. Shirey, Carnegie
Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, 5241 Broad
Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA, Tel: +1-202-478-8473, Fax: +1-202-478-8821,
E-mail: shirey@dtm.ciw.edu
V05 The Construction of Archean Cratons: Reconciling
Radiometric Dates From Crustal and Mantle Rocks (Joint with T, GS)
Reconciling radiometric dates from crustal and mantle rocks. Our understanding
of the growth, stabilization, and reactivation of Archean cratons hinges
on radiometric dates from both crustal and mantle xenoliths and exposed
rocks. In particular, the relationships between timing of lithospheric
assembly and development of a thick bouyant "tectosphere" are not well
known. We seek papers that address the interpretation and integration
of radiometric dates from crustal and mantle rocks, with the specific goal
of constraining the timing and processes of tectosphere/crustal juxtaposition
and reactivation.
Conveners: Samuel A. Bowring, MIT, Department of Earth, Atmospheric
and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Tel: +1-617-253-3775,
Fax: +1-617-253-6735, E-mail: sbowring@mit.edu; and Desmond E. Moser, University
of Utah, Department of Geology and Geophysics, 135 S, 1460 E, Salt Lake
City, UT 84112 USA, Tel: +1-801-585-3782, Fax: +1-801-581-7065, E-mail:
demoser@mines.utah.edu
Volcanology also presents jointly with the following Special
Sessions:
GP01 Mapping Aquifers, Oceans, and Planetary Bodies
with Passive and Active EM Methods (Joint with H, OS, P)
GP08 Precise Correlation of Strata: Magnetic and
Other Methods (Joint with OS, V)
GS02 Light Stable Isotope Ratio Standards Metrology:
Recent Advances and Needs Assessment (Joint with V)
M01 Equation of State and Elasticity of Earth Materials
(Joint with MR, SEDI, T, V)
M02 Characterizing Organic and Inorganic Hydrothermal
Systems (Joint with V, GS)
OS02 High-Resolution Climate Records From Laminated
Sediments (Joint with V, GS)
P02 New Views of the Moon (ORAL) (Joint with V, GS)
S04 How Rifting Worked in Northeastern North America
(Joint with T, V, GS)
S06 The Structure and Early Evolution of Cratons
(Joint with T, V, GS)
ED01 DLESE and Digital Earth: Bridging Multidimensional Geospatial
Data Resources for Educators
The Digital Library for Earth System Education (DLESE) and the interagency
Digital Earth (DE) initiative are each charged with making information
available to a wide community of users. DLESE aims to enable educators
and students to rapidly locate and access high quality interdisciplinary
educational resources about the Earth system, to provide training and tools
for utilization of Earth data, and to be a community center for Earth System
Education. DLESE and Digital Earth goals are complementary in providing
a virtual representation of our planet that enables exploration and interaction
with the vast amounts of natural and cultural information about Earth.
DE plays an important role in making multidimensional temporal/spatial
data accessible in a consistent and standardized fashion to the public.
Building on that infrastructure, DLESE will make such data meaningful to
educators and students by providing context, lesson plans and ancillary
information. This session will explore the intersection of the concepts,
capabilities and vision of the DLESE and DE communities. The session will
consist of invited and contributed presentations of example data sets and
interfaces, simulations, animations, visualization and viewing tools, case
studies, and educational scenarios, focused especially on multidimensional
geospatial data that bridge these two efforts. Interdisciplinary contributions
which broaden the communities involved with DLESE and DE are encouraged.
Conveners: Martin Ruzek, Universities Space Research Association,
8426 Polifka Road, Whitelaw, WI 54247 USA, Tel: +1-920-732-4514, Fax: +1-920-732-3316,
E-mail: ruzek@usra.edu; and Jeff de la Beaujardiere, NASA/UMBC, USA, E-mail:
delabeau@iniki.gsfc.nasa.gov; and Ben Domenico, UCAR, USA, E-mail: ben@unidata.ucar.edu;
and Roger Kassebaum, USA, E-mail: rkasseba@esu3.esu3.k12.ne.us; and Betty
Sword, JPL, USA, E-mail: bsword@mail1.jpl.nasa.gov
ED02 Geophysical Science Education
Outreach Solicited papers would cover education outreach initiatives
in the geophysical sciences: Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences, Solid Earth
Sciences, Hydrologic Sciences, and Space Sciences. They would discuss the
integration of geophysical sciences and the national science education
standards. Examples of projects engaged in these initiatives are NSF's
Graduate Teaching Fellows Program in K-12 education, the JASON Project,
and a suite of NASA programs directed at K-12 audiences. The purpose of
the session would be to examine the impact of successful outreach programs
that are making a difference in the lives of students, teachers, and the
general public while providing a linkage between K-12 education and ongoing
scientific research.
Conveners: Gail Scowcroft, University of Rhode Island, Marine
and Environmental Sciences, South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA,
Tel: +1-401-874-6724, Fax: +1-401-874-6486, E-mail: gailscow@gso.uri.edu;
and Cheryl Schroeder, University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography,
South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA, E-mail: cschroed@gso.uri.edu
ED03 Increasing Diversity in the Geosciences
Understanding the environment in which we live and gathering the information
needed to make good decisions in this environment are important tools for
everyone. Yet, the geosciences are dominated by representatives of a small
fraction of this diverse population. This session seeks to highlight examples
of programs that have successfully engaged members of groups under represented
in the Earth sciences, as well as ideas for ways that geoscience education
can better serve these groups in the future. Contributed presentations
describing existing programs, as well as future opportunities are encouraged.
Invited speakers will report on activities taking place at NSF, NASA and
other agencies and organizations as well as in community-wide programs
such as DLESE.
Convener: Cathryn A. Manduca, Carleton College, DLESE Outreach
Coordinator PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA, Tel: +1-507-252-8658, Fax:
+1-507-252-0472, E-mail: cmanduca@carleton.edu; www.dlese.org; and Tom
Windham, UCAR PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA, Tel: +1303-497-8624,
E-mail: twindham@ucar.edu
ED04 Linking Undergraduate Geoscience and Education Departments:
Earth Science Teacher Preparation for the Real World
This session will highlight the work of the nine institutions that
participated in AGU's NSF funded Linkages project to bring together geoscience
and education departments to develop preservice teacher training programs
that reflect the needs of students. Invited papers from several of the
Linkages institutions will outline progress — or lack of progress — in
implementing programs based on their Linkages workshop experiences. Contributed
papers will be encouraged that reflect the development of similar programs
in other institutions. Participating Linkages Institutions: Arizona Western
College, University of Arizona, University of Washington, Montana State
University, New Mexico State University, Northern Arizona University, San
Diego State University, and University of Oklahoma.
Conveners: M. Frank Watt Ireton, SESDA. Science Systems and
Applications, Inc. 10210 Greenbelt Road, Suite 400, Lanham, MD 20706 USA,
Tel: +1-240-232-0300 Ext.1054, E-mail: Frank_Ireton@sesda.com; and Michael
Conway, Arizona Western College, Division of Science and Math Box 929,
Yuma, AZ 85366 USA, Tel: +1-520-317-6022, Fax: +1-520-344-7730, E-mail:
aw_conway@awc.cc.az.us; and Dean McManus, University of Washington, USA;
and John Snow, University of Oklahoma, USA
ED05 Where are the Jobs? Career Choices for Students in the Geosciences
Although 100% of recent PhDs in the geosciences are employed, 45% of
them have jobs outside of academia or of their PhD specialty. What kinds
of jobs are recent PhDs taking and how are they finding these jobs? What
marketable skills can a recent PhD offer prospective employers? In order
to address these questions we invite presentations from (1) researchers
studying employment trends in the geosciences, (2) recent PhDs who are
willing to share stories of their successful job searches, (3) recruiters
discussing techniques for finding jobs outside the traditional path, and
(4) representatives from industry, governmental agencies, the media, and
non-profits describing jobs they have available for students of the geosciences
and the types of skills and experience that they deem valuable in the workplace.
A reception following the session will allow for informal discussions with
speakers.
Conveners: Amanda C. Staudt, Harvard University, Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Pierce Hall G3G, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge,
MA 02138 USA, Tel: +1-617-495-8455, Fax: +1-617-495-4551, E-mail: acstaudt@fas.harvard.edu;
and Jennifer Giesler, American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Avenue,
NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA, Tel: +1-202-777-7512, Fax: +1-202-328-0566,
E-mail: jgiesler@agu.org
ED06 Showcase on Undergraduate Research
Many academic programs for undergraduates provide little opportunity
for students to engage in research activities. Yet most students
who have had these opportunities, when asked about their impact, describe
the research as the highlight of their undergraduate program and the activity
that best prepared them for their subsequent graduate school and/or work
careers. This session will feature examples of successful research programs
for undergraduate students. We will select examples across the range
of geophysical disciplines and from a variety of institutional settings.
Speakers will present the perceived benefits derived from their programs,
potential pitfalls, and suggestions about the ingredients that create successful
experiences for undergraduate students. This morning oral session
will be followed by an afternoon poster session that showcases examples
of research completed by undergraduate students. Students must submit
their posters to a regular scientific theme session, as well as to
the Showcase on Undergraduate Research poster session.
Conveners: Karen Grove, San Francisco State University, Department
of Geosciences, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA, Tel: +1-415-338-2061, E-mail:
kgrove@sfsu.edu; and Jill Singer, Buffalo State College, Department of
Earth Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA, Tel: +1-716-878-6731, E-mail: singerjk@buffalostate.edu;
and Roberta Johnson, UCAR/NCAR, UCAR Director of Education and Public Outreach,
PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-2173, E-mail: rmjohnsn@ucar.edu
ED07 AGU Scientists' Roles and Partnerships in Support of K-12 Education
and Public Outreach
Traditionally, the research directorates of funding agencies like NASA
and NSF contribute substantively to training the next generation of scientists
via fellowships and the support of graduates and postgraduates in their
usual scientific roles on research proposals. In recent years, research
directorates at NASA and NSF have been expanding their educational scope
to address national needs for improving K-12 science education and enhancing
general literacy in science, mathematics and technology. There is now a
greater emphasis on the integration of research and education at all levels
and on the involvement of NASA and NSF-supported scientists in partnership
with K-12 education and public outreach (EPO) professionals. This
session is intended to showcase the diversity of roles scientists are playing
in support of successful partnerships with the education and public outreach
programs of research institutions and NASA missions, teachers, schools
of education, school districts, museums, curriculum developers, educational
radio and television, educational Web developers, and others.
Conveners: Cherilynn A. Morrow, Space Science Institute, Education
and Public Outreach, 3100 Marine St., Suite A353, Boulder, CO 80303-1058
USA, Tel: +1-303-492-7321, Fax: +1-303-492-3789, E-mail: camorrow@spot.colorado.edu and Roberta Johnson, UCAR/NCAR, UCAR Director of Education and Public Outreach,
PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA, Tel: +1-303-497-2173, E-mail: rmjohnsn@ucar.edu
PA01 "Intelligent Design" a Challenge to Teaching Earth and Space
Science?
The Earth and its environment in space represent a complex natural
system. Proponents of a branch of creationism called "Intelligent Design
(ID)" hold the view that an intelligent designer is the only explanation
for irreducibly complex natural systems, and that the diversity and complexity
of life on Earth could not have come about through natural selection over
geologic time. ID supporters further demand that ID should be taught as
a viable alternative to the theory of Darwinian evolution, claiming that
the debate is between scientists, not whether ID represents a scientific
way of explaining natural phenomena. Speakers in this session will
discuss the roots and ramifications of ID and whether ID has any bearing
on how Earth and space scientists conduct their research. Because ID proponents
endeavor to make their case to the public, the implications for the teaching
of Earth and space science in public schools will be a consistent theme
throughout the session.
Conveners: Peter Folger, American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida
Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA, Tel: +1-202-777-7509, Fax: +1-202-328-0566,
E-mail: pfolger@agu.org; and David Applegate, AGI, USA, E-mail: apple@agiweb.org
Public Affairs also presents jointly with the following Special
Sessions:
B03 Biogeochemistry of Land Use Change (Joint
with GS, H, PA)
B04 Land Cover and Land Use Change: Implications
for Resource Management (Joint with H, PA)
B05 Remote Sensing to Address the Needs of Local
Communities (Joint with G, H, PA)
B06 Contributions of Biogeosciences to the Millennium
Ecosystem Assessment (Joint with PA)
B09 Mercury in the Environment (Joint with A, GS,
H, PA)
B11 Linkages Between Biogeochemical and Hydrogeologic
Processes in Shallow Ground-Water Systems of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal
Plains (Joint with H, PA)
S02 Challenges in Regional Seismic Nuclear Test-Ban
Treaty Monitoring (Joint with PA)
Mineral and Rock Physics
presents jointly with the following Special Sessions:
GP03 Paleomagnetic Puzzles, Rock Magnetic Riddles
(Joint with MRP, M)
GP06 Banded Iron Formation, its Chemical and Physical
Properties and Relation to the Origin of Life (Joint with B, MR, P, V,
GS, M)
M01 Equation of State and Elasticity of Earth Materials
(Joint with MR, SEDI, T, V)
M03 Spectroscopy of Minerals and Other Planetary
Phases (Joint with MR, T)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP, GS,
MR, NG, SEDI, T)
S03 Integrated Models of Earth Structure and Evolution
(ONLINE-only Session) (Joint with MR, SEDI, T, M)
T03 Computational Earth Laboratories (Joint with
GP, M, MR, NG, S)
NG01 Recent Contributions of Nonlinear Science
in Atmospheric Research: From Paradigm Shifts to Problem Solving (Joint
with A)
Atmospheric processes have always inspired nonlinear scientists: Richardson’s
eddy cascades, Lorenz’s attractor and the “butterfly” effect have become
staples of nonlinearity; turbulence phenomenology was grounded in observations
of atmospheric dispersion; fractal geometry is often invoked with clouds.
Despite the frequently strong nonlinear component in atmospheric phenomena,
many in AGU’s Atmospheric Sciences (A) Section feel they have not fully
benefited from the tremendous progress of nonlinear science. This might
be due partially to the nonlinear community’s propensity for abstraction
and swift cross-disciplinary moves. This session, jointly sponsored by
A and NG (Nonlinear Geophysics Technical Committee), aims to rectify that
situation by offering an opportunity (1) for nonlinear experts to showcase
the more applied aspects of their atmospherically-related work, and (2)
for atmospheric scientists with little or no experience in nonlinear science
to describe their least tractable problems. Research issues in “A” that
are likely candidates for “NG-induced” breakthroughs typically cover many
temporal and/or spatial scales, exhibit intermittent bursts, or may be
plagued with quasi-singularities, poorly-explained amplitudes and/or frequencies
of occurrence. These problems can stem from studies in weather, climate,
chemistry, transport, pollution, etc. Possible applications of “NG” approaches
to “A” problems are: sub-pixel variability effects in remote sensing; parameterizations
of dynamical or radiative effects of unresolved structures in numerical
models (with grid-scales now ranging from meters to hundreds of kilometers);
or development of meaningful comparisons between coarsely-modeled atmospheric
fields and quasi-point-wise in situ measurements. “NG” concepts we anticipate
seeing at work here include chaos, self-organized criticality, cascade
models, scale-invariance, (multi)fractals, power-law statistics, and kin,
or else (or possibly combined with) new computational tools such as wavelet
transforms, singular-spectrum analysis, machine-learning algorithms, and
so on. We therefore solicit papers from and for a broad range of NG- and
A-practitioners on outstanding or emerging problems addressed with or calling
for these advanced techniques. However, because current nonlinear approaches
are congruent with the inherent complexity of the atmosphere, we expect
to see gains in physical insight as well as practical deliverables.
Conveners: Anthony Davis, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space
and Remote Sensing Sciences Group, PO Box 1663, MS C-323, Los Alamos, NM
87545 USA, Tel: +1-505-665-6577, Fax: +1-505-667-9208, E-mail: adavis@lanl.gov;
and Lynn Sparling, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 916, Greenbelt,
MD 20771 USA, Tel: +1-301-614-6009, Fax: +1-301-614-5903, E-mail: sparling@dynarama.gsfc.nasa.gov;
and Klaus Pfeilsticker, University of Heidelberg, Institut fur Umweltphysik
Im Neuenheimer Feld 36, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany, Tel: +490-6221-546401,
Fax: +490-6221-546405, E-mail: klaus.pfeilsticker@iup.uni-heidelberg.de;
and Jun-Ichi Yano, Hamburg University, Meteorologisches Institut Bundesstrasse
55, Hamburg, D-20146 Germany, Tel: +49-040-42838-5071, Fax: +49-040-42838-5066,
E-mail: yano@dkrz.de
NG02 Integrating and Applying Models, Simulations,
and Data to the Forecasting of Nonlinear Geophysical Systems (Joint with
H, T)
Many geophysical processes are nonlinear over wide ranges of time scales,
resulting in complex spatial and temporal behaviors. Examples include
the ocean-atmosphere interface, fault networks, mantle convection, and
solar activity. Our understanding of such systems is complicated
by the difficulty in acquiring complete and accurate data sets that span
many time scales. Yet many of these geophysical systems have significant
economic, societal, and humanitarian impacts on regional and national scales.
On the other hand, recent developments resulting in relatively inexpensive
access to increasingly powerful computers have greatly improved the ability
to analyze the available data, yielding important scientific insights.
In addition, these computational advances have encouraged the development
of advanced computer models and simulations designed specifically to aid
in the understanding of these complex systems and the physical parameters
which govern their activity. These simulations can then be used to
model the behavior of the system over time, and perhaps to forecast both
the general physics of the system as well as its extreme events.
Applications include the El Nino Southern Oscillation, mantle convection,
and biometrics. The purpose of this session is to encourage papers
which detail the integration of these simulations and the available data,
and their application together in the modeling and forecasting of the behavior
of geophysical systems.
Conveners: Kristy Tiampo, University of Colorado, CIRES CB 216,
Boulder, CO 80309-0216 USA, Tel: +1-303-492-4779, E-mail: kristy@fractal.colorado.edu;
and Seth Veitzer, University of Colorado, CIRES CB 216, Boulder, CO 80309-0216
USA, Tel: +1-303-492-8124, E-mail: veitzer@terra.colorado.edu
Nonlinear Geophysics also presents jointly with the following
Special Sessions:
B02 Integrated Observations for the Biogeosciences
(Joint with A, NG, OS)
B12 Eco-hydrological Dynamics of Water Controlled
Ecosystems (Joint with H, NG)
B14 Land-Atmosphere Interactions (Joint with A, H,
NG)
H05 Physicochemical Hydrodynamics of Nonaqueous Phase
Liquid in Porous and Fractured Media (Joint with GS, NG)
H12 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications to
Rivers (Joint with NG)
H14 Geomorphology (POSTER ONLY) (Joint with NG)
H26 Lumped Versus Distributed Modeling: Issues in
Real World Applications (Joint with NG)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP, GS,
MR, NG, SEDI, T)
SPD01 Nanoflare Statistics, Self-Organized Criticality,
and Coronal Heating (Joint with NG, SH)
T03 Computational Earth Laboratories (Joint with
GP, M, MR, NG, S)
Study of Earth's Deep Interior presents
jointly with the following Special Sessions:
GP04 Fluctuations of the Earth's Magnetic Field
(Direction and Intensity): From Paleosecular Variation to Reversals (Joint
with SEDI)
M01 Equation of State and Elasticity of Earth Materials
(Joint with MR, SEDI, T, V)
S01 Core Mantle Boundary Region (Joint with GP, GS,
MR, NG, SEDI, T)
S03 Integrated Models of Earth Structure and Evolution
(ONLINE-only Session) (Joint with MR, SEDI, T, M)