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AGU: Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans

 
Abstract
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Abstract

Swash infiltration-exfiltration and sediment transport

Ian L. Turner

Laboratory for Coastal Research, University of Maryland, College Park

Gerhard Masselink

Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Field measurements of vertical pore-pressure gradients within the bed are used to quantify instantaneous (8 Hz) rates of swash infiltration-exfiltration across the beach face. Cyclic infiltration-exfiltration is associated with individual swash events, with observed vertical flow rates O(10−3) m/s. Rates of net swash-groundwater exchange (i.e., through-bed flow integrated over several swash cycles) are two orders of magnitude smaller. At the timescale of individual swashes, vertical pore-pressure gradients within the beach face are much greater than horizontal pore-pressure gradients. This permits application of the numerical solution of Darcy's law for one-dimensional vertical flow to model fluctuating pore pressures (and hence vertical through-bed flow). Vertical flow through a porous bed modifies sediment mobility in (at least) two ways: (1) Seepage forces change the effective weight of surficial sediments, and (2) boundary layer “thickening” or “thinning” result in altered bed shear stresses. By considering these two (opposing) effects separately, a new Shields parameter is derived that incorporates terms for through-bed flow. Simulation of time-varying seepage force and bed stress effects over an uprush-backwash cycle suggests that the effect of altered bed stresses dominates over the change in effective weight and that infiltration-exfiltration effects are most important during uprush. Simulated transport rates are increased by up to 40% of the peak transport rate during uprush and reduced by 10% during backrush. In summary, swash infiltration-exfiltration across a saturated beach face enhances the net upslope transport of sediment.

Received 23 April 1997; accepted 5 June 1998; .

Citation: Turner, I. L., and G. Masselink (1998), Swash infiltration-exfiltration and sediment transport, J. Geophys. Res., 103(C13), 30,813–30,824.

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