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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 106, NO. D14, PAGES 14,805–14,818, 2001

A reconstruction of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation index back to A.D. 1501 using documentary data in southern Spain

F. S. Rodrigo

Departamento Física Aplicada, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain


D. Pozo-Vázquez

Departamento Física, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain


M. J. Esteban-Parra

Departamento Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain


Y. Castro-Díez

Departamento Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain


Abstract

In this work a reconstruction of seasonal rainfall in Andalusia (southern Spain) from 1501 to 1997 is presented. This reconstruction is based on the analysis of a wide variety of documentary data. Qualitative data are translated into numerical indices to elaborate time series of rainfall for each season of the year. Because of the strong relationship between Andalusian rainfall and the North Atlantic Oscillation (40% of the winter rainfall variance is explained by the NAO index behavior), it is possible to use these rainfall series to reconstruct the seasonal NAO index back to 1501. The results are compared with other analyses reported in the literature.

Received 24 August 1999; accepted 4 October 2000.

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Citation: Rodrigo, F. S., D. Pozo-Vázquez, M. J. Esteban-Parra, and Y. Castro-Díez (2001), A reconstruction of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation index back to A.D. 1501 using documentary data in southern Spain, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D14), 14,805–14,818.