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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 108, NO. D23, 8651, doi:10.1029/2002JD003259, 2003

An intercomparison of lidar-derived aerosol optical properties with airborne measurements near Tokyo during ACE-Asia

Toshiyuki Murayama

Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine, Tokyo, Japan


Sarah J. Masonis

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA


Jens Redemann

Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Sonoma, California, USA


Theodore L. Anderson

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA


Beat Schmid

Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Sonoma, California, USA


John M. Livingston

SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA


Philip B. Russell

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA


Barry Huebert

Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA


Steven G. Howell

Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA


Cameron S. McNaughton

Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA


Antony Clarke

Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA


Makoto Abo

Department of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan


Atsushi Shimizu

Atmospheric Environment Division, National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan


Nobuo Sugimoto

Atmospheric Environment Division, National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan


Masanori Yabuki

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan


Hiroaki Kuze

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan


Shunsuke Fukagawa

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan


Kari Maxwell-Meier

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA


Rodney J. Weber

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA


Douglas A. Orsini

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA


Byron Blomquist

Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA


Alan Bandy

Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA


Donald Thornton

Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA


Abstract

During the ACE-Asia intensive observation period (IOP), an intercomparison experiment with ground-based lidars and aircraft observations was conducted near Tokyo. On 23 April 2001, four Mie backscatter lidars were simultaneously operated in the Tokyo region, while the National Center for Atmospheric Research C-130 aircraft flew a stepped-ascent profile between the surface and 6 km over Sagami Bay southwest of Tokyo. The C-130 observation package included a tracking Sun photometer and in situ packages measuring aerosol optical properties, aerosol size distribution, aerosol ionic composition, and SO2 concentration. The three polarization lidars suggested that the observed modest concentrations of Asian dust in the free troposphere extended up to an altitude of 8 km. We found a good agreement in the backscattering coefficient at 532 nm among lidars and in situ 180° backscatter nephelometer observations. The intercomparison indicated that the aerosol layer between 1.6 and 3.5 km was a remarkably stable and homogenous in mesoscale. We also found reasonable agreement between the aerosol extinction coefficients (σa ∼ 0.03 km−1) derived from the airborne tracking Sun photometer, in situ optical instruments, and those estimated from the lidars above the planetary boundary layer (PBL). We also found considerable vertical variation of the aerosol depolarization ratio (δa) and a negative correlation between δa and the backscattering coefficient (δa) below 3.5 km. Airborne measurements of size-dependent optical parameters (e.g., the fine mode fraction of scattering) and of aerosol ionic compositions suggests that the mixing ratio of the accumulation-mode and coarse-mode (dust) aerosols was primarily responsible for the observed variation of δa. Aerosol observations during the intercomparison period captured the following three types of layers in the atmosphere: a PBL (surface to 1.2–1.5 km) where fine (mainly sulfate) particles with a low δa (<10%) dominated; an intermediate layer (between the top of the PBL and 3.5 km) where fine particles and dust particles were moderately externally mixed, giving moderate δa; and an upper layer (above ∼3.5 km) where dust dominated, giving a high δa (30%). A substantial dust layer between 4.5 and 6.5 km was observed just west of Japan by the airborne instruments and found to have a lidar ratio of 50.4 ± 9.4 sr. This agrees well with nighttime Raman lidar measurements made later on this same dust layer as it passed over Tokyo, which found a lidar ratio of 46.5 ± 10.5 sr.

Received 30 November 2002; accepted 19 May 2003; published 29 August 2003.

Index Terms: 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801); 3360 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Remote sensing; 9320 Information Related to Geographic Region: Asia.


Read Full Article (file size: 1470942 bytes)    Cited by

Citation: Murayama, T., et al. (2003), An intercomparison of lidar-derived aerosol optical properties with airborne measurements near Tokyo during ACE-Asia, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 8651, doi:10.1029/2002JD003259.