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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,
VOL. 108, NO. D5,
4173,
doi:10.1029/2001JD002040,
2003
Chlorine budget and partitioning during the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III Ozone Loss and Validation
Experiment (SOLVE)
S. M. Schauffler
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
E. L. Atlas
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
S. G. Donnelly
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
A. Andrews
NASA Goddard Space Flight Facility,
Greenbelt,
Maryland,
USA
S. A. Montzka
NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
J. W. Elkins
NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
D. F. Hurst
NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
P. A. Romashkin
NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
G. S. Dutton
NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
V. Stroud
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder,
Colorado,
USA
Abstract
The amount of chlorine in the stratosphere has a direct influence on the magnitude of chlorine-catalyzed ozone loss. A comprehensive
suite of organic source gases of chlorine in the stratosphere was measured during the NASA Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment
(SAGE) III Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE) campaign in the arctic winter of 2000. Measurements included chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), halon 1211, solvents, methyl chloride, N2O, and CH4. Inorganic chlorine contributions from each compound were calculated using the organic chlorine measurements, mean age of
air, tropospheric trends, and a method to account for mixing in the stratosphere. Total organic chlorine measured at tropospheric
levels of N2O was on the order of 3500 ppt. Total calculated inorganic chlorine at a N2O mixing ratio of 50 ppb (corresponding to a mean age of 5.5 years) was on the order of 3400 ppt. CFCs were the largest contributors
to total organic chlorine (55–70%) over the measured N2O range (50–315 ppb), followed by CH3Cl (15%), solvents (5–20%), and HCFCs (5–25%). CH3Cl contribution was consistently about 15% across the organic chlorine range. Contributions to total calculated inorganic
chlorine at 50 ppb N2O were 58% from CFCs, 24% from solvents, 16% from CH3Cl, and 2% from HCFCs. Updates to fractional chlorine release values for each compound relative to CFC 11 were calculated
from the SOLVE measurements. An average value of 0.58 was calculated for the fractional chlorine release of CFC 11 over the
3–4 year mean age range, which was lower than the previous value of 0.80. The fractional chlorine release values for HCFCs
141b and 142b relative to CFC 11 were significantly lower than previous calculations.
Published 15
March
2003.
Index Terms: 0340 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere—composition and chemistry; 0341 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere—constituent transport and chemistry (3334); 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere—composition and chemistry.
Read Full Article (file size: 3136638 bytes) Cited by
Citation: Schauffler, S. M., E. L. Atlas, S. G. Donnelly, A. Andrews, S. A. Montzka, J. W. Elkins, D. F. Hurst, P. A. Romashkin, G. S. Dutton, and V. Stroud
(2003),
Chlorine budget and partitioning during the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III Ozone Loss and Validation
Experiment (SOLVE),
J. Geophys. Res.,
108(D5),
4173,
doi:10.1029/2001JD002040.
Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.
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