Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998–2000 tropical ozone climatology 2. Tropospheric variability and the zonal wave-one

doi:doi:10.1029/2002JD002241

Abstract

Cited By (38)

Abstract

Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998–2000 tropical ozone climatology 2. Tropospheric variability and the zonal wave-one

Anne M. Thompson

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA

Jacquelyn C. Witte

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA

Samuel J. Oltmans

NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Francis J. Schmidlin

NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Virginia, USA

Jennifer A. Logan

Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

Masatomo Fujiwara

Radio Science Center for Space and Atmosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Volker W. J. H. Kirchhoff

INPE Laboratorio Ozonio, São José dos Campos, Brazil

Françoise Posny

Université de la Réunion, St.-Denis, Réunion, France

Gert J. R. Coetzee

South African Weather Service, Pretoria, South Africa

Bruno Hoegger

Swiss Aerological Observatory, Payerne, Switzerland

Shuji Kawakami

NASDA Earth Observations Research Center, Tokyo, Japan

Toshihiro Ogawa

NASDA Earth Observations Research Center, Tokyo, Japan

J. P. F. Fortuin

Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Netherlands

H. M. Kelder

Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Netherlands

Einhoven Technical University, Einhoven, Netherlands

The first view of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone variability in the Southern Hemisphere tropics is provided by a 3-year record of ozone soundings from the Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) network ( http://croc.gsfc.nasa.gov/shadoz). Observations covering 1998–2000 were made over Ascension Island, Nairobi (Kenya), Irene (South Africa), Réunion Island, Watukosek (Java), Fiji, Tahiti, American Samoa, San Cristóbal (Galapagos), and Natal (Brazil). Total, stratospheric, and tropospheric column ozone amounts usually peak between August and November. Other features are a persistent zonal wave-one pattern in total column ozone and signatures of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in stratospheric ozone. The wave-one is due to a greater concentration of free tropospheric ozone over the tropical Atlantic than the Pacific and appears to be associated with tropical general circulation and seasonal pollution from biomass burning. Tropospheric ozone over the Indian and Pacific Oceans displays influences of the waning 1997–1998 El Niño, seasonal convection, and pollution transport from Africa. The most distinctive feature of SHADOZ tropospheric ozone is variability in the data, e.g., a factor of 3 in column amount at 8 of 10 stations. Seasonal and monthly means may not be robust quantities because statistics are frequently not Gaussian even at sites that are always in tropical air. Models and satellite retrievals should be evaluated on their capability for reproducing tropospheric variability and fine structure. A 1999–2000 ozone record from Paramaribo, Surinam (6°N, 55°W) (also in SHADOZ) shows a marked contrast to southern tropical ozone because Surinam is often north of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). A more representative tropospheric ozone climatology for models and satellite retrievals requires additional Northern Hemisphere tropical data.

Published 31 January 2003.

Citation: Thompson, A. M., et al. (2003), Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998–2000 tropical ozone climatology 2. Tropospheric variability and the zonal wave-one, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 8241, doi:10.1029/2002JD002241.

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