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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,
VOL. 108,
4030,
10 PP., 2003
doi:10.1029/2002JD002439
Seasonal variation of water-soluble ions of the aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl)
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), Dübendorf, Switzerland
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Within the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Aerosol Program of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the aerosol chemical composition has been continuously measured since July 1999 at the Jungfraujoch (JFJ) of which the first 1.5-year data set is presented. Sampling is performed in two size classes (total suspended particles (TSP) and particles with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 1 μm). The filters are analyzed for major ions, which constitute 30% of the total dry aerosol mass collected at this site. As annual mean, a total ion mass concentration of 1.04 μg m−3 was observed. Sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate were the major components of the fine aerosol fraction, while calcium and nitrate were two major water-soluble components in the coarse mode. Single particle analysis confirmed the internal mixture of calcium and nitrate in the coarse mode. The total ion mass concentration showed strong seasonal differences, with 1.25, 1.62, 0.70, and 0.25 μg m−3 for spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. The variability was stronger for sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate than for calcium. The reason for this is believed to be local sources of calcium, which do not require vertical transport, along with Sahara dust episodes, which occur occasionally over the whole year, independent from the season.
Published 15 January 2003.
Citation: (2003), Seasonal variation of water-soluble ions of the aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl), J. Geophys. Res., 108(D1), 4030, doi:10.1029/2002JD002439.
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