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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,
VOL. 108, NO. D20,
8801,
doi:10.1029/2002JD003094,
2003
Influence of regional-scale anthropogenic emissions on CO2 distributions over the western North Pacific
S. A. Vay
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
J.-H. Woo
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
B. E. Anderson
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
K. L. Thornhill
Science Applications International Corporation, Hampton, Virginia, USA
D. R. Blake
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
D. J. Westberg
Science Applications International Corporation, Hampton, Virginia, USA
C. M. Kiley
Department of Meteorology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
M. A. Avery
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
G. W. Sachse
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA
D. G. Streets
Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA
Y. Tsutsumi
Atmospheric Environment Division, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan
S. R. Nolf
Computer Sciences Corporation, Hampton, Virginia, USA
Abstract
We report here airborne measurements of atmospheric CO2 over the western North Pacific during the March–April 2001 Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) mission.
The CO2 spatial distributions were notably influenced by cyclogenesis-triggered transport of regionally polluted continental air masses.
Examination of the CO2 to C2H2/CO ratio indicated rapid outflow of combustion-related emissions in the free troposphere below 8 km. Although the highest
CO2 mixing ratios were measured within the Pacific Rim region, enhancements were also observed further east over the open ocean
at locations far removed from surface sources. Near the Asian continent, discrete plumes encountered within the planetary
boundary layer contained up to 393 ppmv of CO2. Coincident enhancements in the mixing ratios of C2Cl4, C2H2, and C2H4 measured concurrently revealed combustion and industrial sources. To elucidate the source distributions of CO2, an emissions database for Asia was examined in conjunction with the chemistry and 5-day backward trajectories that revealed
the WNW/W sector of northeast Asia was a major contributor to these pollution events. Comparisons of NOAA/CMDL and JMA surface
data with measurements obtained aloft showed a strong latitudinal gradient that peaked between 35° and 40°N. We estimated
a net CO2 flux from the Asian continent of approximately 13.93 Tg C day−1 for late winter/early spring with the majority of the export (79%) occurring in the lower free troposphere (2–8 km). The
apportionment of the flux between anthropogenic and biospheric sources was estimated at 6.37 Tg C day−1 and 7.56 Tg C day−1, respectively.
Received 30
October
2002;
accepted 24
April
2003;
published 12
September
2003.
Index Terms: 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution—urban and regional (0305); 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere—composition and chemistry; 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere—constituent transport and chemistry.
Read Full Article (file size: 34949441 bytes) Cited by
Citation: Vay, S. A., et al.
(2003),
Influence of regional-scale anthropogenic emissions on CO2 distributions over the western North Pacific,
J. Geophys. Res.,
108(D20),
8801,
doi:10.1029/2002JD003094.
Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.
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