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GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,
VOL. 31,
L06610,
doi:10.1029/2003GL019079,
2004
Explosion dynamics of pyroclastic eruptions at Santiaguito Volcano
Jeffrey B. Johnson
HIGP/SOEST, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Andrew J. L. Harris
HIGP/SOEST, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Steve T. M. Sahetapy-Engel
HIGP/SOEST, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Rudiger Wolf
CONRED, Guatemala City, Guatemala
William I. Rose
Department of Geological Engineering, Geology and Geophysics Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
Abstract
In Jan. 2003 we monitored explosions at Santiaguito Volcano (Guatemala) with thermal, infrasonic, and seismic sensors. Thermal
data from 2 infrared thermometers allowed computation of plume rise speeds, which ranged from 8 to 20 m/s. Rise rates correlated
with cumulative thermal radiance, indicating that faster rising plumes correspond to explosions with greater thermal flux.
The relationship between rise speeds and elastic energy is less clear. Seismic radiation may not scale well with thermal output
and/or rise speed because some of the thermal component may be associated with passive degassing, which does not induce significant
seismicity. But non-impulsive gas release is still able to produce a high thermal flux, which is the primary control on buoyant
rise speed.
Received 14
November
2003;
accepted 24
February
2004;
published 20
March
2004.
Index Terms: 8414 Volcanology: Eruption mechanisms; 8419 Volcanology: Eruption monitoring (7280); 8494 Volcanology: Instruments and techniques.
Read Full Article (file size: 399803 bytes) Cited by
Citation: Johnson, J. B., A. J. L. Harris, S. T. M. Sahetapy-Engel, R. Wolf, and W. I. Rose
(2004),
Explosion dynamics of pyroclastic eruptions at Santiaguito Volcano,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
31,
L06610,
doi:10.1029/2003GL019079.
Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.
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