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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,
VOL. 109,
D19S23,
doi:10.1029/2003JD004201,
2004
Three-dimensional simulations of inorganic aerosol distributions in east Asia during spring 2001
Youhua Tang
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
Gregory R. Carmichael
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
John H. Seinfeld
Departments of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
California, USA
Donald Dabdub
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
Rodney J. Weber
School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Barry Huebert
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Antony D. Clarke
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Sergio A. Guazzotti
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
David A. Sodeman
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
Kimberly A. Prather
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
Itsushi Uno
Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Jung-Hun Woo
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
James J. Yienger
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
David G. Streets
Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA
Patricia K. Quinn
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle, Washington, USA
James E. Johnson
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle, Washington, USA
Chul-Han Song
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
Vicki H. Grassian
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
Adrian Sandu
Department of Computer Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
Robert W. Talbot
Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
Jack E. Dibb
Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
Abstract
In this paper, aerosol composition and size distributions in east Asia are simulated using a comprehensive chemical transport
model. Three-dimensional aerosol simulations for the TRACE-P and ACE-Asia periods are performed and used to help interpret
actual observations. The regional chemical transport model, STEM-2K3, which includes the on-line gas-aerosol thermodynamic
module SCAPE II, and explicitly considers chemical aging of dust, is used in the analysis. The model is found to represent
many of the important observed features. The Asian outflow during March and April of 2001 is heavily polluted with high aerosol
loadings. Under conditions of low dust loading, SO2 condensation and gas phase ammonia distribution determine the nitrate size and gas-aerosol distributions along air mass trajectories,
a situation that is analyzed in detail for two TRACE-P flights. Dust is predicted to alter the partitioning of the semivolatile
components between the gas and aerosol phases as well as the size distributions of the secondary aerosol constituents. Calcium
in the dust affects the gas-aerosol equilibrium by shifting the equilibrium balance to an anion-limited status, which benefits
the uptake of sulfate and nitrate, but reduces the amount of aerosol ammonium. Surface reactions on dust provide an additional
mechanism to produce aerosol nitrate and sulfate. The size distribution of dust is shown to be a critical factor in determining
the size distribution of secondary aerosols. As much of the dust mass is found in the supermicron mode (70–90%), appreciable
amounts of sulfate and nitrate are found in the supermicron particles. For sulfate the observations and the analysis indicate
that 10–30% of sulfate is in the supermicron fraction during dust events; in the case of nitrate, more than 80% is found in
the supermicron fraction.
Received 1
October
2003;
accepted 24
February
2004;
published 25
August
2004.
Keywords: aerosol equilibrium;
dust;
chemical transport model.
Index Terms: 0335 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Ion chemistry of the atmosphere (2419, 2427); 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere—composition and chemistry; 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere—constituent transport and chemistry; 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation.
Read Full Article (file size: 7582621 bytes) Cited by
Citation: Tang, Y., et al.
(2004),
Three-dimensional simulations of inorganic aerosol distributions in east Asia during spring 2001,
J. Geophys. Res.,
109,
D19S23,
doi:10.1029/2003JD004201.
Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.
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