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AGU: Geophysical Research Letters

 

Index Terms

  • Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Climatology
  • Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Instruments and techniques
  • Oceanography: General: Instruments and techniques
  • Oceanography: Physical: Instruments and techniques

Abstract

On smoothing potentially non-stationary climate time series

Michael E. Mann

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

A simple approach to the smoothing of a potentially non-stationary time series is presented which provides an optimal choice among three alternative, readily motivated and easily implemented boundary constraints. This method is applied to the smoothing of the instrumental Northern Hemisphere (NH) annual mean and cold-season North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) time series, yielding an objective estimate of the smoothed decadal-scale variations in these series including long-term trends.

Received 23 January 2004; accepted 18 March 2004; published 15 April 2004.

Citation: Mann, M. E. (2004), On smoothing potentially non-stationary climate time series, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L07214, doi:10.1029/2004GL019569.

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