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AGU: Geophysical Research Letters

 

Index Terms

  • Atmospheric Processes: Lightning
  • Biogeosciences: Astrobiology and extraterrestrial materials
  • Volcanology: Volcanic gases
  • Planetary Sciences: Astrobiology: Origin of life

Abstract

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 32, L05203, 4 PP., 2005
doi:10.1029/2004GL021910

Nitrogen fixation on early Mars by volcanic lightning and other sources

Antígona Segura

Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México

Rafael Navarro-González

Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México

Here, we estimate the amount of reactive nitrogen available for the origin and maintenance of life on early Mars. Lightning formed in explosive volcanic clouds is proposed as a source of nitrogen fixation. Volcanic lightning was simulated in the laboratory using a laser induced plasma. We derived the chemical composition of the gas mixture from an accretion model of Mars and the nitrogen content of Martian meteorites. The mixture contained CH4, H2, H2O and N2 in variable amounts to represent the range of C/N ratio measured in the Martian meteorites. For comparison, other endogenous and exogenous sources of fixed nitrogen in early Mars were calculated. Our experimental simulations indicate that volcanic lightning may be the only endogenous source of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) forming about 107 kg yr−1 of this compound. The total budget of fixed nitrogen for early Mars would be ∼10 kg yr−1 km−2, similar to that calculated for early Earth.

Received 2 November 2004; accepted 8 February 2005; published 10 March 2005.

Citation: Segura, A., and R. Navarro-González (2005), Nitrogen fixation on early Mars by volcanic lightning and other sources, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05203, doi:10.1029/2004GL021910.

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