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AGU: Geophysical Research Letters

 

Index Terms

  • Space Weather: Geomagnetically induced currents
  • Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism: Geomagnetic induction
  • Hydrology: Time series analysis
  • Magnetospheric Physics: Magnetic storms and substorms

Abstract

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 33, L12108, 4 PP., 2006
doi:10.1029/2006GL025822

S-transform view of geomagnetically induced currents during geomagnetic superstorms

Antti Pulkkinen

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA

Ryuho Kataoka

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA

National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan

Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

A novel time-frequency analysis method (S-transform) capable of handling noisy non-stationary signals is applied to study the properties of geomagnetically induced current (GIC) fluctuations in the Finnish natural gas pipeline. New local time- and storm phase-dependent S-transform spectral properties of auroral region GIC fluctuations during geomagnetic superstorms are reported. More specifically, the S-transform spectra have two distinct regions containing the most of the spectral power that persisted from storm to storm: main phase-related wide-band fluctuations driven possibly by a substorm-type ionospheric activity centered around the local midnight and recovery phase-related narrow-band fluctuations associated with Pc5 range geomagnetic pulsations in the local morning region. Based on this observed “stability”, a new S-transform-based statistical approach using, for example, an ensemble of different S-transform responses for known storms is proposed for GIC prediction.

Received 24 January 2006; accepted 22 May 2006; published 30 June 2006.

Citation: Pulkkinen, A., and R. Kataoka (2006), S-transform view of geomagnetically induced currents during geomagnetic superstorms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L12108, doi:10.1029/2006GL025822.

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