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GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES,
VOL. 21,
GB1017,
doi:10.1029/2006GB002766,
2007
Air-sea exchange in the global mercury cycle
Sarah A. Strode
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Lyatt Jaeglé
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Noelle E. Selin
Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, USA
Daniel J. Jacob
Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, USA
Rokjin J. Park
Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, USA
Robert M. Yantosca
Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, USA
Robert P. Mason
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA
Franz Slemr
Air Chemistry Division, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
Abstract
We present results from a new global atmospheric mercury model coupled with a mixed layer slab ocean. The ocean model describes
the interactions of the mixed layer with the atmosphere and deep ocean, as well as conversion between elemental, divalent,
and nonreactive mercury species. Our global mean aqueous concentrations of 0.07 pM elemental, 0.80 pM reactive, and 1.51 pM
total mercury agree with observations. The ocean provides a 14.1 Mmol yr−1 source of mercury to the atmosphere, at the upper end of previous estimates. Re-emission of previously deposited mercury
constitutes 89% of this flux. Ocean emissions are largest in the tropics and downwind of industrial regions. Midlatitude ocean
emissions display a large seasonal cycle induced by biological productivity. Oceans contribute 54% (36%) of surface atmospheric
mercury in the Southern (Northern) Hemisphere. We find a large net loss of mercury to the deep ocean (8.7 Mmol yr−1), implying a ∼0.7%/year increase in deep ocean concentrations.
Received 21
May
2006;
accepted 17
October
2006;
published 17
March
2007.
Keywords: air-sea exchange;
mercury;
ocean.
Index Terms: 0330 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Geochemical cycles (1030); 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks; 0312 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Air/sea constituent fluxes (3339, 4504).
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Citation: Strode, S. A., L. Jaeglé, N. E. Selin, D. J. Jacob, R. J. Park, R. M. Yantosca, R. P. Mason, and F. Slemr
(2007),
Air-sea exchange in the global mercury cycle,
Global Biogeochem. Cycles,
21,
GB1017,
doi:10.1029/2006GB002766.
Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.
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