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GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 34, L14703, doi:10.1029/2007GL030207, 2007

Surface warming by the solar cycle as revealed by the composite mean difference projection

Charles D. Camp

Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA


Ka Kit Tung

Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA


Abstract

By projecting surface temperature data (1959–2004) onto the spatial structure obtained objectively from the composite mean difference between solar max and solar min years, we obtain a global warming signal of almost 0.2°K attributable to the 11-year solar cycle. The statistical significance of such a globally coherent solar response at the surface is established for the first time.

Received 29 March 2007; accepted 14 June 2007; published 18 July 2007.

Keywords: decadal variability; climate variability; surface temperature.

Index Terms: 1616 Global Change: Climate variability (1635, 3305, 3309, 4215, 4513); 1650 Global Change: Solar variability (7537); 3270 Mathematical Geophysics: Time series analysis (1872, 4277, 4475); 3252 Mathematical Geophysics: Spatial analysis (0500); 3305 Atmospheric Processes: Climate change and variability (1616, 1635, 3309, 4215, 4513).

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Citation: Camp, C. D., and K. K. Tung (2007), Surface warming by the solar cycle as revealed by the composite mean difference projection, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L14703, doi:10.1029/2007GL030207.