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AGU: Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans

 

Keywords

  • Estuarine circulation
  • periodic stratification

Index Terms

  • Oceanography: Physical
  • Oceanography: General: Estuarine processes
  • Oceanography: Physical: Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes
Abstract
Cited By (0)
 

Abstract

Role of tidally periodic density stratification in the creation of estuarine subtidal circulation

Mark T. Stacey

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

Jonathan P. Fram

Department of Ocean and Resources Engineering, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA

Fotini K. Chow

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

Tidally periodic stratification is explored as a mechanism for estuarine subtidal flow creation through the use of a numerical water column model. Using a two equation turbulence closure, a tidally periodic steady state is established and the subtidal circulation is calculated. The results demonstrate that the subtidal circulation caused by this forcing is of the same vertical structure as the expected estuarine exchange flow. Further, the subtidal exchange is of similar magnitude to that given by typical scalings of the baroclinic circulation driven by the longitudinal salinity gradient, but is strongly dependent upon the timing of the stratification event within the tidal cycle, even reversing sign for certain phases. The dependence of this subtidal flow mechanism on the local depth, the tidal forcing and the magnitude of the stratification is explored through the use of a bulk Richardson number, for which the subtidal circulation is maximal at intermediate values, and is reduced for both large and small bulk Richardson numbers. This dependence of the subtidal circulation on the bulk Richardson number is demonstrated to be consistent with an analysis of the energetics of mixing and buoyancy on the tidal timescale.

Received 8 October 2007; accepted 28 February 2008; published 8 August 2008.

Citation: Stacey, M. T., J. P. Fram, and F. K. Chow (2008), Role of tidally periodic density stratification in the creation of estuarine subtidal circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C08016, doi:10.1029/2007JC004581.

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