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A multi-model study of the hemispheric transport and deposition of oxidised nitrogen
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
European Commission, DG JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy
NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
European Commission, DG JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy
Office of Policy Analysis and Review, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C., USA
Environment Directorate General, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium
Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Atmospheric Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, UMBC, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, UMBC, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Group, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Center for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Center for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università L'Aquila, Aquila, Italy
European Commission, DG JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra, Italy
Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Group, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università L'Aquila, Aquila, Italy
Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
ICG-2, Forschungszentrum-Jülich, Jülich, Germany
ICG-2, Forschungszentrum-Jülich, Jülich, Germany
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
Laboratoire des Science du Climat et de l'Environment, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Department of Environmental Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Fifteen chemistry-transport models are used to quantify, for the first time, the export of oxidised nitrogen (NOy) to and from four regions (Europe, North America, South Asia, and East Asia), and to estimate the uncertainty in the results. Between 12 and 24% of the NOx emitted is exported from each region annually. The strongest impact of each source region on a foreign region is: Europe on East Asia, North America on Europe, South Asia on East Asia, and East Asia on North America. Europe exports the most NOy, and East Asia the least. East Asia receives the most NOy from the other regions. Between 8 and 15% of NOx emitted in each region is transported over distances larger than 1000 km, with 3–10% ultimately deposited over the foreign regions.
Received 18 July 2008; accepted 12 August 2008; published 13 September 2008.
Citation: (2008), A multi-model study of the hemispheric transport and deposition of oxidised nitrogen, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L17815, doi:10.1029/2008GL035389.
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