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Timing and climatic impact of Greenland interstadials recorded in stalagmites from northern Turkey
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Climate Risk Analysis, Hannover, Germany
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
A 50 kyr-long exceptionally well-dated and highly resolved stalagmite oxygen (δ 18O) and carbon (δ 13C) isotope record from Sofular Cave in northwestern Turkey helps to further improve the dating of Greenland Interstadials (GI) 1, and 3–12. Timing of most GI in the Sofular record is consistent within ±10 to 300 years with the “iconic” Hulu Cave record. Larger divergences (>500 years) between Sofular and Hulu are only observed for GI 4 and 7. The Sofular record differs from the most recent NGRIP chronology by up to several centuries, whereas age offsets do not increase systematically with depth. The Sofular record also reveals a rapid and sensitive climate and ecosystem response in the eastern Mediterranean to GI, whereas a phase lag of ∼100 years between climate and full ecosystem response is evident. Finally, results of spectral analyses of the Sofular isotope records do not support a 1,470-year pacing of GI.
Received 14 July 2009; accepted 19 August 2009; published 6 October 2009.
Citation: (2009), Timing and climatic impact of Greenland interstadials recorded in stalagmites from northern Turkey, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L19707, doi:10.1029/2009GL040050.
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