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AGU: Geophysical Research Letters

 

Keywords

  • meltwater
  • surface mass balance
  • Antarctica

Index Terms

  • Cryosphere: Snowmelt
  • Cryosphere: Remote sensing
  • Cryosphere: Mass balance (1218, 1223)
  • Global Change: Climate variability (1635, 3305, 3309, 4215, 4513)
  • Geographic Location: Antarctica (4207)

Abstract

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 39, L01501, 5 PP., 2012
doi:10.1029/2011GL050207

Insignificant change in Antarctic snowmelt volume since 1979

Key Points
  • Antarctic meltwater volume has changed insignificantly over the past 30 years
  • Mean Antarctic snowmelt volume is estimated at 89 Gigatonnes per year
  • Other than atmospheric processes likely determine long-term ice shelf stability

P. Kuipers Munneke

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

G. Picard

Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement, CNRS/UJF, St Martin d'Hères, France

M. R. van den Broeke

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

J. T. M. Lenaerts

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

E. van Meijgaard

Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Netherlands

Surface snowmelt is widespread in coastal Antarctica. Satellite-based microwave sensors have been observing melt area and duration for over three decades. However, these observations do not reveal the total volume of meltwater produced on the ice sheet. Here we present an Antarctic melt volume climatology for the period 1979–2010, obtained using a regional climate model equipped with realistic snow physics. We find that mean continent-wide meltwater volume (1979–2010) amounts to 89 Gt y−1 with large interannual variability (σ = 41 Gt y−1). Of this amount, 57 Gt y−1 (64%) is produced on the floating ice shelves extending from the grounded ice sheet, and 71 Gt y−1 in West-Antarctica, including the Antarctic Peninsula. We find no statistically significant trend in either continent-wide or regional meltwater volume for the 31-year period 1979–2010.

Received 31 October 2011; accepted 10 December 2011; published 13 January 2012.

Citation: Kuipers Munneke, P., G. Picard, M. R. van den Broeke, J. T. M. Lenaerts, and E. van Meijgaard (2012), Insignificant change in Antarctic snowmelt volume since 1979, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L01501, doi:10.1029/2011GL050207.

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