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Figure: Satellite sea surface temperature image of coastal waters off northern California at 3:06 UT on July 17, 1988. Light areas indicate cooler water and dark areas warmer water. Arrows show current directions and magnitudes at a depth of 25 m from a shipboard survey (July 13--18). Note cold upwelled water near the coast and cold filament extending several hundred kilometers offshore in the lower portion of the image. Also note the complex structure near the coast, including an eddy near Point Arena marked by the letter ``A''. (Figure from Washburn et al., 1993).

 
Figure: Schematic of typical winter (left panels) and summer (right panels) hydrography in the Middle Atlantic Bight, showing temperature (T), salinity (S in practical salinity units) and density (). Note the shelfbreak front (intense cross-shelf gradients) about 100 km offshore from Chapman and Gawarkiewicz, 1993. The quantity is approximately 1000 (), where is density and kg/m is a reference density.

 
Figure: Schematic of wind-driven cross-shelf circulation showing various regions of flow.

 
Figure: Cartoon showing the influence of the near-bottom, cross-isobath transport on the density field for upslope and downslope flow (from Lentz and Trowbridge, 1991). Dashed lines show initial position of isopycnals (constant density surfaces). The solid curves show the displaced isopycnals.

 
Figure: Map of surface salinity (practical salinity units) in May 1989 after a large discharge from the Delaware Estuary. Dots indicate the ship track along which data was collected and the arrow indicates the location of the cross-shelf transect shown on the right (from Munchow and Garvine, 1993b).