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The North Atlantic Climate System

Climate change of the North Atlantic area during the Pliocene and Pleistocene has been well-studied using indices of SST, reconstructions of Atlantic deep circulation, records of ice rafting, and oxygen isotopes [e.g., Ruddiman et al., 1989; Raymo et al., 1989]. These paleoclimate proxies are all highly covariant and indicate coherent high-latitude climate responses to orbital forcing in the Milankovitch band. Recent studies [e.g., Bond et al., 1993; Hagelberg et al., 1994] indicate that major climatic variations also occur in the sub-Milankovitch band. High-frequency and massive ice-rafting episodes, known as Heinrich Events, have been a major area of recent paleoceanographic study. Several studies have made extensive use of magnetic measurements to further our understanding of the distribution of the ice-rafted detritus (IRD) layers in time and space [ Andrews and Tedesco, 1992; Grousset et al., 1993; Robinson and Maslin, in press]. One of these studies [ Robinson and Maslin, in press] greatly increases our understanding of the distribution of IRD during the last glacial maximum, which in turn provides a much more detailed picture of the surface current pattern during this interval. A better understanding of the surface current pattern during a glacial maximum will in turn lead to a better understanding of climate change in the North Atlantic Ocean. Magnetic studies will continue to further our understanding of climate change on sub-Milankovitch time scales in the North Atlantic and will enhance our knowledge of oceanic currents.



U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1991-1994
Rev. Geophys. Vol. 33 Suppl., © 1995 American Geophysical Union