Atmospheric models play an important role, both for providing computed input
to in-water models and for testing and extrapolating above-surface UV data.
The Antarctic ozone hole has motivated the development of a number of
improved atmospheric models, suitable for polar regions, where low sun
elevation (long pathlength) conditions prevail.
This work includes
[Lubin Frederick 1990, Lubin Frederick 1991,
Lubin Mitchell Frederick Alberts Booth Lucas Neuschuler 1992,
Stamnes Tsay Wiscombe Jayaweera 1988, Stamnes Slusser Bowen 1988,
Stamnes 1990 Bowen McMurdo, Tsay Stamnes 1992,
Ray Smith wan baker 1992 clear-sky ozone,
Madronich Chapter 1993].
These models permit:
relatively accurate space/time extrapolation of satellite or ground
measurements;
quantitative estimates of the effects of ozone depletion on spectral
solar UV and visible irradiance at the earth;
and accurate estimation of column ozone concentrations above
ground stations that record relatively high resolution spectra.