R. Steven Nerem Unselfish Cooperation in Research Global Surface Temperature Anomalies Global Climate Model Predictions Global Climate Model (continue) The Bathtub Sea Level Model Earth's Heat Balance (1955-1989) Effects of Sea Level Rise The Bathtub Sea Level Model Sea Level Measurements Causes of Sea Level Change Causes of Sea Level Change (2) Could a World of Swimmers Raise Sea Level? Causes of Sea Level Change (3) Satellite Measurements of Sea Level Change Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (2) Sea Level Change Budget Past Sea Level Changes PSMSL Sea Level Records >50 years PSMSL Sea Level Records >10 years Tide Gauge Sea Level Measurments (1) Tide Gauge Sea Level Measurments (2) Topex/Poseidon and Jason The Jason Mission Tide Gauges Versus Satellite Altimetry TOPEX/ Poseidon and Jason 10-day Groundtrack TOPEX Sea Level: January 1998 TOPEX/Poseidon: In the begining... The Sea Level "Enigma" Earth Rotation Sea Level Enigma Sea Level Enigma (2) Recent Developments Ocean Freshening Greenland Ice Greenland Melt Extent Antartica Ice Mass Antartic Ice Changes Ice Height from Radar Greenland Mass Veribility Earth's Heat Balance (1955-1989) Antartica Ice Mass Ice Mass Veribility ICESat Result Melting the Mountain Glacier GPS Crustal Alaska Glacier Mass Ice Volume Changes Mountain Glaciers Sea Level Change Sea Level Change Budget What have we Learned Satellite Mission Future Greenland Changes Stay Above Sea Level Thanks