Zvi Ben-Avraham[TB13.1] is a pioneering geophysicist whose visionary work has fundamentally transformed our understanding of the structure and evolution of Earth’s oceans, marginal seas, and tectonic boundaries. Over five decades of scientific discov...

]Charles Langmuir has been instrumental in shaping our understanding of the origin of oceanic crust at spreading axes and its fate during subduction. These are fundamental processes that govern the geochemical evolution of the silicate Earth and are ...

Christina Ravelo’s groundbreaking research on tropical climate variability and change, climate sensitivity, and ocean circulation and thermal structure spans several geological epochs extending from the Miocene and the Pliocene to the Last Glacial Ma...

Dr. Eelco Rohling is a major force in paleoclimatology and paleoceanography who addresses questions about past oceans and climates that are critically important to society and the future of humanity. From early in his career, Rohling recognized t...

Maureen “Mo” Raymo’s contributions to the geosciences transformed the understanding of Earth’s climate on tectonic, orbital, and shorter timescales. Mo pushed the envelope in research on the marine record of orbital variabilit...

Dr. Nicklas George “Nick” Pisias’s deep and broad understanding of paleoceanography and climate dynamics coupled with novel applications of rigorous mathematical and statistical techniques has been the hallmark of his sustained and ...